Research Journal

Research Journal

ETCOR publishes internationally registered, open-access, peer-reviewed research journals, each carrying both print and electronic ISSNs, affirming their recognition as legitimate international academic publications. All ETCOR journals are officially registered with the National Library of the Philippines. In addition to its scholarly journals, ETCOR is a digital and print book publisher duly registered with the National Book Development Board (NBDB) of the Philippines, strengthening its role in advancing research, academic, and professional publications. ETCOR also operates two magazines — Heavenward: An International Literary Magazine and The Exigency: A Multidisciplinary Magazine — both registered with print and digital ISSNs through the National Library of the Philippines. Further demonstrating its commitment to professional development, ETCOR is a Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Provider accredited by the Professional Regulation Commission under Accreditation No. PTR-2025-749.


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International Journal of Education, Learning, and Pedagogical Sciences (INJELPS)

International Journal of Education, Learning, and Pedagogical Sciences (INJELPS)

Print ISSN: 3116-3769

Electronic ISSN: 3116-3777

 

About the Journal

 

The International Journal of Education, Learning, and Pedagogical Sciences (INJELPS) is a scholarly, open-access,quarterly, peer-reviewed, international print and online research journal dedicated to the advancement of knowledge in education, learning sciences, pedagogy, curriculum studies, and educational leadership. INJELPS serves as a global platform for educators, researchers, school leaders, policymakers, and academic practitioners to disseminate high-quality empirical, theoretical, and practice-based research that contributes to the improvement of teaching and learning across diverse educational contexts. The journal is committed to maintaining rigorous scholarly standards, ethical research practices, and global visibility through international indexing, Crossref DOI registration, and print and electronic ISSN accreditation.


Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/profi...

Submit Study: https://tinyurl.com/INJELPS

Templates: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...

 

Aims and Scope

 

Aims

INJELPS aims to:

  1. Promote innovative, evidence-based research in education and learning sciences
  2. Advance theoretical and practical understanding of pedagogy across levels of education
  3. Provide a venue for global and comparative educational studies
  4. Support educational leadership, policy development, and curriculum reform
  5. Foster interdisciplinary dialogue linking education with psychology, technology, sociology, and policy studies

 

Scope

The journal welcomes original research articles, systematic reviews, conceptual papers, and practice-based studies in, but not limited to, the following areas:

  • Teaching and learning sciences
  • Curriculum development and evaluation
  • Educational leadership and school management
  • Teacher education and professional development
  • Assessment, measurement, and evaluation
  • Educational psychology and learner development
  • Technology-enhanced learning and digital pedagogy
  • Inclusive education and special education
  • Higher education, basic education, and lifelong learning
  • Comparative and international education
  • Education policy, reform, and governance

 

Publication Frequency and Format

  • Frequency: Quarterly (4 issues per year)
  • Formats: Print and Online
  • Review Type: Double-blind peer review
  • Identifiers:
    • Print ISSN 
    • Electronic ISSN
    • Crossref DOI assigned to all published articles

 

Submission Guidelines

 

Author Guidelines / Instructions to Authors

 

Manuscripts are received with the understanding that they contain original scholarly work that has not been previously published nor is under consideration for publication elsewhere.

 

Authors must submit manuscripts through https://tinyurl.com/INJELPS

 

For manuscripts with two or more authors, the corresponding author must submit the manuscript on behalf of all co-authors.

 

For inquiries, authors may contact:

  • ETCOR Mobile: 0939-202-9035
  • Email: embracingthecultureofresearch@gmail.com

 

Funding Disclosure

All authors must disclose all funding sources or financial support, if any, related to the research.

 

With regard to research submitted for possible publication, authors must ensure that they follow the journal format, including the template, header, footer, font size and font style. Author/s must download and follow the sample manuscript found via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI... Kindly reduce the manuscript to 10-12 pages only, including the References. Kindly choose only the most salient parts of the paper

 

Additionally, kindly comply with the following:

 

  • Academic Significance, Contribution to Discipline or Community, Technical Novelty
  • English Usage (or Filipino, as may be applicable)
    • Use past tense consistently since the study is already completed.
    • Avoid first-person point of view (“I,” “we”); instead, maintain a third-person scientific tone.
    • Avoid contractions; spell out complete words to retain formality.
    • Provide English translations for words, terms, or items not understandable to international readers.
  • Abstract The abstract should follow the journal’s prescribed format and accurately reflect the study’s major components. Ensure that it correctly presents the aim, methodology, key findings or results, and conclusion in a concise and logical manner.
  • Introduction / Background of the Study
    • Present a clear rationale or background from the global to Philippine/local contexts.
    • Show the trends and issues related to the study, supported with recent and relevant citations (2021–2026 preferred).
    • Identify and explain the research gap/s, highlighting why the present study is necessary and how it differs from prior works.
  • Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions The Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions must be clearly, explicitly, and logically stated.
    • The statement of the problem is a detailed explanation of the issue, gap, or challenge that the study seeks to address. It frames the context and justifies why the study is necessary, usually written in declarative form as a narrative or paragraph. Its purpose is to highlight the significance, scope, and urgency of the study, providing a broad and contextual background of the issue at hand. For example, a study may state: “Despite government programs, many senior citizens in rural areas experience delays in receiving social pensions, raising concerns about accessibility and efficiency.”
    • The research objectives represent the specific aims or intentions of the study, focusing on what the researcher seeks to accomplish. These are written in infinitive form such as “To determine…” or “To examine…,” ensuring that the targets are clear, measurable, and achievable. Unlike the broad statement of the problem, objectives are narrower and centered on actionable outcomes. For instance, a general objective could be “To assess the implementation of the Social Pension Program in Balbalan, Kalinga.” This may be broken down into specific objectives, such as: (1) To determine the accessibility of the program, (2) To examine its impact on beneficiaries, and (3) To identify challenges faced in its implementation.
    • The research questions are the interrogative form of the objectives, expressed as direct questions the study seeks to answer. They are usually written in formats such as “What is…?” or “How does…?” and serve the purpose of guiding data collection and analysis by pointing to specific inquiries. Research questions are even more specific than objectives, as they operationalize the study’s goals into answerable items. Using the same example, the research questions could include: RQ1: How accessible is the Social Pension Program to senior citizens in Balbalan? RQ2: What impact does the program have on the beneficiaries’ quality of life? RQ3: What challenges hinder the effective implementation of the program?
  • Review of Related Literature and Studies
    • Avoid outdated sources (1–2 decades old) for dynamic or evolving concepts.
    • Do not use sources with “no date (n.d.).”
    • Ensure citations are aligned with the arguments and logically linked to the study.
    • There must be a clear synthesis at the end of the RRLS that captures key insights, connects the reviewed works, and justifies the need for the present study.
  • Theoretical and/or Conceptual Framework
  • Research Methodology (Research Design, Population and Sampling, Instrument, Data Collection, Treatment of Data, Ethics in Research)
    • Research Design: Describe what design was used, how it was applied, and why it was the most suited.
    • Population and Sampling and Other Source/s of Data: Provide the exact number of participants/respondents, how and why they were selected. If you used other source/s of data (documents, policies, other contents), describe each document, how each was accessed, and why each is needed in the study. 
    • Instrument/s: State whether the instrument was adopted or researcher-made. Describe its validation process, including the qualifications of validators.
    • Data Collection: Focus on how, when, and where the data was collected. Do not include ethics approval here.
    • Treatment of Data: Clearly describe the methods of data analysis or statistical treatment. For qualitative analysis, avoid generic discussions (e.g., what thematic analysis is according to authors). Instead, show how the method was applied in your study.
    • Ethical Considerations: Include ethical approval, informed consent, and permissions here, not in other subsections.
    • Avoid “chop-suey” writing (mixing unrelated topics).
    • If the study used a mixed-method approach, discuss both parts separately (quantitative and qualitative)—design, participants, instruments, data collection, treatment of data, ethical considerations—and explain how the two sets of data were integrated.
    • Use plural (“researchers”) consistently if the paper has co-authors.
  • Results and Discussion
    • Present results clearly, logically, and aligned with the research questions.
    • Support findings with relevant and recent literature.
    • Integrate discussion immediately after each result to enhance coherence.
  • Conclusions and Recommendations

The paper should demonstrate importance to the academic community or to research in general. It must offer a material contribution to its discipline and present novel or unique ideas that may be useful to the community. Clearly show the research gap, why there was a need to investigate the present study, and how it is different from previous works.

The manuscript must adhere to the rules of grammar and language usage, whether in English or Filipino.

The introduction must:

This section must include sufficient, relevant, and up-to-date references to support the rationale and conduct of the research.

An appropriate theoretical and/or conceptual framework must be presented to anchor the study.

The methodology section should be well-structured, detailed, and properly organized. Each subsection should only contain content appropriate to it:

Important Reminders:

  • Conclusions must be logically drawn from the study’s findings.
  • Recommendations should be specific, actionable, and relevant to the results. Avoid generic statements.
  • References (APA 7th Edition)

References must strictly adhere to APA 7th edition. Authors must review their entire manuscript carefully:

  • Ensure proper formatting (e.g., italicizing journal names, use of “&” vs. “and,” correct application of et al., punctuation, spacing, quotation marks).
  • All in-text citations must appear in the References list and vice versa. No mismatches allowed.
  • Avoid old references; prioritize recent ones.
  • If a citation was included but missing in the References, update it properly (do not erase it without explanation). Similarly, remove unused entries from the References list.
  • The paper will not be published if even one citation/reference entry is non-compliant.

APA 7th requires:

·      All sources listed in the References Section must match 100% with the actual sources used in the entire manuscript, and all sources cited in the entire manuscript are reflected in the list of sources in the References section. 

  • Author/s should provide a link to every research article or literature/document, where we can find the journal or document, or best, where we can find the specific research article/document. Must provide the DOI for it, or URL if the journal is not yet DOI accredited, or link to the document. 

·       Arranged alphabetically regardless of classifications (Do not categorize or classify if books, or journals, or other documents. Just arrange alphabetically all sources)

·       Used hanging indent. 

·       Author(s) last name, initials.

·       Year of publication in parentheses.

·       Title of article in sentence case (only first word, proper nouns, and first word after a colon capitalized).

·       Journal titles in italics and title case.

·       Volume numbers italicized; issue numbers in parentheses (not italicized).

·       Page ranges given without extra words.

·       DOI formatted as URL (https://doi.org/...).

·       Retrieval statements are used sparingly (only when content is likely to change).

·       For secondary sources, only the work actually consulted (the secondary source) is included in the References list; the original source cited indirectly (e.g., “as cited in”) must not be listed unless it was directly read by the author.

 

  • Acronyms and Abbreviations

Always define acronyms upon first mention in the manuscript. Do not assume that readers will automatically know them.

 

Authors are also required to submit a duly signed Authorship and Contribution Declaration Form, which can be accessed via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...

 

Review Process

 

Upon receipt, authors receive an acknowledgment email.

 

Manuscripts not following the journal template will be returned. Compliant manuscripts undergo:

  1. Initial screening by the Associate Editor
  2. Plagiarism check
  3. Double-blind peer review by two subject-expert reviewers

 

Review decisions may be:

  • Publish unaltered
  • Accept after minor revisions
  • Accept after major revisions
  • Reject

 

In cases of split reviewer decisions, a third reviewer will be assigned. Authors are given two weeks for revisions. Final decisions are made by the Editor-in-Chief.

 

Publication Policies and Ethics

 

Changes to Authorship

Authors retain copyright under a licensed agreement and may archive:

  • Pre-print
  • Post-print
  • Publisher’s PDF

 

Conflict of Interest

All authors must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest.

 

Article Retraction

Retractions may occur due to ethical violations such as plagiarism, duplicate submission, or data fabrication. Retraction fee: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Withdrawal

Withdrawal after completion of review and editorial processing incurs a fee of: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Removal

Articles may be removed only under legal or safety circumstances.

 

Additional Information

  • Call for Research Articles: Rolling basis
  • Application for Peer Reviewers and Language Editors: Open
  • Publication Charges and Discounts: Available for ETCOR Research Consultants and External Reviewers
  • Indexing and Archiving: International databases and institutional repositories
  • Editorial Board: International and multidisciplinary

 

Editor’s Note

International Journal of Education, Learning, and Pedagogical Sciences (INJELPS)

 

It is with great pride and enthusiasm that we present the maiden issue of the International Journal of Education, Learning, and Pedagogical Sciences (INJELPS). This inaugural publication marks an important milestone in ETCOR’s continuing commitment to advancing high-quality educational research that informs theory, policy, and practice across diverse global contexts.

Education remains at the heart of societal transformation. As learning environments evolve in response to technological advancements, shifting learner needs, and complex global challenges, the need for rigorous, ethical, and impactful educational research has never been more urgent. INJELPS was established to serve as a scholarly platform where such research can be critically examined, shared, and translated into meaningful educational action.

INJELPS welcomes empirical, theoretical, and practice-based studies that contribute to the understanding of teaching and learning across all levels of education. From early childhood to higher education and lifelong learning, the journal recognizes that effective pedagogy is both context-sensitive and globally informed. This maiden issue reflects that diversity through studies addressing curriculum, leadership, learner development, and instructional innovation.

As a peer-reviewed international journal, INJELPS upholds rigorous academic standards through a double-blind review process, strict adherence to publication ethics, and commitment to originality and methodological soundness. Each article published undergoes careful scrutiny to ensure it contributes new knowledge and meaningful insights to the field of education.

The journal also seeks to bridge the gap between research and practice. Educational research achieves its fullest value when it informs classroom instruction, institutional leadership, and policy development. INJELPS therefore encourages submissions that demonstrate clear implications for educators, school leaders, curriculum developers, and policymakers.

This maiden issue is a testament to the collaborative efforts of authors, reviewers, editors, and language specialists who share a common vision of scholarly excellence. Their collective dedication has shaped a publication that aspires to meet international indexing standards while remaining responsive to local and regional educational realities.

INJELPS is intentionally positioned as a global journal. By welcoming contributions from researchers across different countries and educational systems, the journal promotes comparative perspectives and cross-cultural dialogue. Such diversity enriches scholarly discourse and deepens our collective understanding of education as a universal yet context-bound endeavor.

The journal is equally committed to nurturing emerging scholars and practitioner-researchers. INJELPS recognizes the importance of providing a supportive yet rigorous platform where early-career researchers can engage with established scholars, refine their work, and contribute confidently to the international research community.

As we launch this first issue, we reaffirm our commitment to ethical publishing, transparency, and continuous improvement. INJELPS will evolve alongside developments in education and research methodologies, ensuring that it remains relevant, credible, and impactful in the years to come.

On behalf of the Editorial Board, we extend our sincere gratitude to all who contributed to this maiden issue. We invite researchers, educators, and academic leaders worldwide to join us in shaping future issues of INJELPS as we collectively advance knowledge, innovation, and excellence in education.

 

Richard D. Sanchez, LPT, PhD, Editor-in-Chief

International Journal of Education, Learning, and Pedagogical Sciences (INJELPS)

 

Editorial Board:

Editor-in-Chief

  • Dr. Richard D. Sanchez

Graduate School Research Professor, John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University (Arevalo), Inc., Iloilo City, Philippines

Associate Editors

  • Dr. Imelda M. Flores – Curriculum and Instruction
  • Dr. Jonathan R. Villanueva – Curriculum and Instruction
  • Dr. Eleanor T. Brooks – Educational Psychology and Learning Sciences
  • Dr. Ahmed K. Rahman – Comparative and International Education
  • Dr. Lin Wei Chen – Educational Technology and Digital Pedagogy

Managing Editor

  • Dr. Edilhynie M. Jambangan

 

Journal Staff

  • Editorial Assistant: Mr. Carlo D. Mendoza
  • Copy Editor: Ms. Lorraine P. Villaflor, MA English
  • Language Editor: Dr. Emily J. Thompson
  • Layout and Production Editor: Mr. Raymond A. Castillo
  • Plagiarism and Ethics Officer: Dr. Noel B. Ramirez
  • Technical and Web Support: ETCOR Publications Unit

 

Pool of Peer Reviewers

(International and Multidisciplinary)

  • Dr. Rosalina M. Cortez – Teacher Education, Philippines
  • Dr. Michael A. O’Connor – Educational Leadership, Ireland
  • Dr. Fatima N. Al-Hassan – Curriculum Studies, Saudi Arabia
  • Dr. James K. Holloway – Higher Education Studies, United States
  • Dr. Priya R. Menon – Learning Sciences, India
  • Dr. Luis Alberto Fernandez – Comparative Education, Spain
  • Dr. Mei-Ling Wu – Educational Technology, Taiwan
  • Dr. Samuel T. Okoro – Education Policy and Governance, Nigeria
  • Dr. Katrina L. Bautista – Inclusive Education, Philippines
  • Dr. Andrew J. Collins – Assessment and Measurement, Australia

International Journal of Accountancy, Business, and Management Studies (IJABMS)

International Journal of Accountancy, Business, and Management Studies (IJABMS)

 

Print ISSN: 3116-3785

Electronic ISSN: 3116-3793

 

About the Journal

 

The International Journal of Accountancy, Business, and Management Studies (IJABMS) is a scholarly, open-access, quarterly, peer-reviewed, international print and online research journal dedicated to the advancement of knowledge in accountancy, business, management, finance, entrepreneurship, and organizational studies. IJABMS serves as a global platform for accountants, business scholars, management researchers, finance professionals, entrepreneurs, policymakers, and interdisciplinary researchers to disseminate high-quality empirical, theoretical, and practice-based research that contributes to ethical business practice, organizational effectiveness, and sustainable economic development. The journal is committed to maintaining rigorous scholarly standards, ethical research practices, and global visibility through international indexing, Crossref DOI registration, and print and electronic ISSN accreditation.

 

Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/profi...

Submit Study: https://tinyurl.com/IJABMS

Templates: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...

 

Aims and Scope

 

Aims

IJABMS aims to:

  1. Promote high-quality research in accountancy, business, and management
  2. Advance theoretical and applied understanding of organizational and financial systems
  3. Encourage interdisciplinary research linking business, governance, technology, and society
  4. Provide a venue for global, comparative, and industry-relevant studies
  5. Support ethical, innovative, and sustainable business and management practices

 

Scope

The journal welcomes original research articles, systematic reviews, conceptual papers, case studies, and policy analyses in, but not limited to, the following areas:

  • Financial accounting and reporting
  • Management accounting and control systems
  • Auditing, assurance, and corporate accountability
  • Business management and organizational behavior
  • Strategic management and corporate governance
  • Entrepreneurship, innovation, and SMEs
  • Marketing, consumer behavior, and branding
  • Finance, investment, and financial markets
  • Human resource management and leadership
  • Business analytics, digital business, and FinTech
  • Sustainable business and corporate social responsibility

 

Publication Frequency and Format

  • Frequency: Quarterly (4 issues per year)
  • Formats: Print and Online
  • Review Type: Double-blind peer review
  • Identifiers:
    • Print ISSN (to be registered)
    • Electronic ISSN (to be registered)
    • Crossref DOI assigned to all published articles

 

Submission Guidelines

 

Author Guidelines / Instructions to Authors

 

Manuscripts are received with the understanding that they contain original scholarly work that has not been previously published nor is under consideration for publication elsewhere.

 

Authors must submit manuscripts through https://tinyurl.com/IJABMS

 

For manuscripts with two or more authors, the corresponding author must submit the manuscript on behalf of all co-authors.

 

For inquiries, authors may contact:

  • ETCOR Mobile: 0939-202-9035
  • Email: embracingthecultureofresearch@gmail.com

 

Funding Disclosure

All authors must disclose all funding sources or financial support, if any, related to the research.

 

With regard to research submitted for possible publication, authors must ensure that they follow the journal format, including the template, header, footer, font size and font style. Author/s must download and follow the sample manuscript found via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI... Kindly reduce the manuscript to 10-12 pages only, including the References. Kindly choose only the most salient parts of the paper

 

Additionally, kindly comply with the following:

 

  • Academic Significance, Contribution to Discipline or Community, Technical Novelty
  • English Usage (or Filipino, as may be applicable)
    • Use past tense consistently since the study is already completed.
    • Avoid first-person point of view (“I,” “we”); instead, maintain a third-person scientific tone.
    • Avoid contractions; spell out complete words to retain formality.
    • Provide English translations for words, terms, or items not understandable to international readers.
  • Abstract The abstract should follow the journal’s prescribed format and accurately reflect the study’s major components. Ensure that it correctly presents the aim, methodology, key findings or results, and conclusion in a concise and logical manner.
  • Introduction / Background of the Study
    • Present a clear rationale or background from the global to Philippine/local contexts.
    • Show the trends and issues related to the study, supported with recent and relevant citations (2021–2026 preferred).
    • Identify and explain the research gap/s, highlighting why the present study is necessary and how it differs from prior works.
  • Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions The Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions must be clearly, explicitly, and logically stated.
    • The statement of the problem is a detailed explanation of the issue, gap, or challenge that the study seeks to address. It frames the context and justifies why the study is necessary, usually written in declarative form as a narrative or paragraph. Its purpose is to highlight the significance, scope, and urgency of the study, providing a broad and contextual background of the issue at hand. For example, a study may state: “Despite government programs, many senior citizens in rural areas experience delays in receiving social pensions, raising concerns about accessibility and efficiency.”
    • The research objectives represent the specific aims or intentions of the study, focusing on what the researcher seeks to accomplish. These are written in infinitive form such as “To determine…” or “To examine…,” ensuring that the targets are clear, measurable, and achievable. Unlike the broad statement of the problem, objectives are narrower and centered on actionable outcomes. For instance, a general objective could be “To assess the implementation of the Social Pension Program in Balbalan, Kalinga.” This may be broken down into specific objectives, such as: (1) To determine the accessibility of the program, (2) To examine its impact on beneficiaries, and (3) To identify challenges faced in its implementation.
    • The research questions are the interrogative form of the objectives, expressed as direct questions the study seeks to answer. They are usually written in formats such as “What is…?” or “How does…?” and serve the purpose of guiding data collection and analysis by pointing to specific inquiries. Research questions are even more specific than objectives, as they operationalize the study’s goals into answerable items. Using the same example, the research questions could include: RQ1: How accessible is the Social Pension Program to senior citizens in Balbalan? RQ2: What impact does the program have on the beneficiaries’ quality of life? RQ3: What challenges hinder the effective implementation of the program?
  • Review of Related Literature and Studies
    • Avoid outdated sources (1–2 decades old) for dynamic or evolving concepts.
    • Do not use sources with “no date (n.d.).”
    • Ensure citations are aligned with the arguments and logically linked to the study.
    • There must be a clear synthesis at the end of the RRLS that captures key insights, connects the reviewed works, and justifies the need for the present study.
  • Theoretical and/or Conceptual Framework
  • Research Methodology (Research Design, Population and Sampling, Instrument, Data Collection, Treatment of Data, Ethics in Research)
    • Research Design: Describe what design was used, how it was applied, and why it was the most suited.
    • Population and Sampling and Other Source/s of Data: Provide the exact number of participants/respondents, how and why they were selected. If you used other source/s of data (documents, policies, other contents), describe each document, how each was accessed, and why each is needed in the study. 
    • Instrument/s: State whether the instrument was adopted or researcher-made. Describe its validation process, including the qualifications of validators.
    • Data Collection: Focus on how, when, and where the data was collected. Do not include ethics approval here.
    • Treatment of Data: Clearly describe the methods of data analysis or statistical treatment. For qualitative analysis, avoid generic discussions (e.g., what thematic analysis is according to authors). Instead, show how the method was applied in your study.
    • Ethical Considerations: Include ethical approval, informed consent, and permissions here, not in other subsections.
    • Avoid “chop-suey” writing (mixing unrelated topics).
    • If the study used a mixed-method approach, discuss both parts separately (quantitative and qualitative)—design, participants, instruments, data collection, treatment of data, ethical considerations—and explain how the two sets of data were integrated.
    • Use plural (“researchers”) consistently if the paper has co-authors.
  • Results and Discussion
    • Present results clearly, logically, and aligned with the research questions.
    • Support findings with relevant and recent literature.
    • Integrate discussion immediately after each result to enhance coherence.
  • Conclusions and Recommendations

The paper should demonstrate importance to the academic community or to research in general. It must offer a material contribution to its discipline and present novel or unique ideas that may be useful to the community. Clearly show the research gap, why there was a need to investigate the present study, and how it is different from previous works.

The manuscript must adhere to the rules of grammar and language usage, whether in English or Filipino.

The introduction must:

This section must include sufficient, relevant, and up-to-date references to support the rationale and conduct of the research.

An appropriate theoretical and/or conceptual framework must be presented to anchor the study.

The methodology section should be well-structured, detailed, and properly organized. Each subsection should only contain content appropriate to it:

Important Reminders:

  • Conclusions must be logically drawn from the study’s findings.
  • Recommendations should be specific, actionable, and relevant to the results. Avoid generic statements.
  • References (APA 7th Edition)

References must strictly adhere to APA 7th edition. Authors must review their entire manuscript carefully:

  • Ensure proper formatting (e.g., italicizing journal names, use of “&” vs. “and,” correct application of et al., punctuation, spacing, quotation marks).
  • All in-text citations must appear in the References list and vice versa. No mismatches allowed.
  • Avoid old references; prioritize recent ones.
  • If a citation was included but missing in the References, update it properly (do not erase it without explanation). Similarly, remove unused entries from the References list.
  • The paper will not be published if even one citation/reference entry is non-compliant.

APA 7th requires:

·      All sources listed in the References Section must match 100% with the actual sources used in the entire manuscript, and all sources cited in the entire manuscript are reflected in the list of sources in the References section. 

  • Author/s should provide a link to every research article or literature/document, where we can find the journal or document, or best, where we can find the specific research article/document. Must provide the DOI for it, or URL if the journal is not yet DOI accredited, or link to the document. 

·       Arranged alphabetically regardless of classifications (Do not categorize or classify if books, or journals, or other documents. Just arrange alphabetically all sources)

·       Used hanging indent. 

·       Author(s) last name, initials.

·       Year of publication in parentheses.

·       Title of article in sentence case (only first word, proper nouns, and first word after a colon capitalized).

·       Journal titles in italics and title case.

·       Volume numbers italicized; issue numbers in parentheses (not italicized).

·       Page ranges given without extra words.

·       DOI formatted as URL (https://doi.org/...).

·       Retrieval statements are used sparingly (only when content is likely to change).

·       For secondary sources, only the work actually consulted (the secondary source) is included in the References list; the original source cited indirectly (e.g., “as cited in”) must not be listed unless it was directly read by the author.

 

  • Acronyms and Abbreviations

Always define acronyms upon first mention in the manuscript. Do not assume that readers will automatically know them.

 

Authors are also required to submit a duly signed Authorship and Contribution Declaration Form, which can be accessed via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...

 

Review Process

 

Upon receipt, authors receive an acknowledgment email.

 

Manuscripts not following the journal template will be returned. Compliant manuscripts undergo:

  1. Initial screening by the Associate Editor
  2. Plagiarism check
  3. Double-blind peer review by two subject-expert reviewers

 

Review decisions may be:

  • Publish unaltered
  • Accept after minor revisions
  • Accept after major revisions
  • Reject

 

In cases of split reviewer decisions, a third reviewer will be assigned. Authors are given two weeks for revisions. Final decisions are made by the Editor-in-Chief.

 

Publication Policies and Ethics

 

Changes to Authorship

Authors retain copyright under a licensed agreement and may archive:

  • Pre-print
  • Post-print
  • Publisher’s PDF

 

Conflict of Interest

All authors must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest.

 

Article Retraction

Retractions may occur due to ethical violations such as plagiarism, duplicate submission, or data fabrication. Retraction fee: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Withdrawal

Withdrawal after completion of review and editorial processing incurs a fee of: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Removal

Articles may be removed only under legal or safety circumstances.

 

Additional Information

  • Call for Research Articles: Rolling basis
  • Application for Peer Reviewers and Language Editors: Open
  • Publication Charges and Discounts: Available for ETCOR Research Consultants and External Reviewers
  • Indexing and Archiving: International databases and institutional repositories
  • Editorial Board: International and multidisciplinary

 

Editor’s Note

International Journal of Accountancy, Business, and Management Studies (IJABMS)

It is with great pride and enthusiasm that we present the maiden issue of the International Journal of Accountancy, Business, and Management Studies (IJABMS). This inaugural publication reflects ETCOR’s commitment to advancing rigorous and ethically grounded research in business and financial disciplines.

Accountancy, business, and management play a critical role in economic development, organizational performance, and public trust. As markets evolve and governance expectations rise, scholarly research becomes essential for informed decision-making and sustainable enterprise.

IJABMS provides a scholarly platform for studies examining accounting systems, business strategies, management practices, and financial decision-making. This maiden issue highlights the diversity of contemporary research through empirical, conceptual, and practice-oriented contributions.

As a peer-reviewed international journal, IJABMS upholds the highest standards of academic integrity through a double-blind review process, strict adherence to publication ethics, and commitment to methodological rigor.

The journal seeks to bridge theory and practice. Research in accountancy and management achieves its greatest impact when it informs professional practice, organizational leadership, and policy development.

This maiden issue is the result of collaborative efforts among authors, reviewers, editors, and language specialists who share a dedication to scholarly excellence and ethical business conduct.

IJABMS is positioned as a global journal that values interdisciplinary, comparative, and industry-relevant perspectives. By welcoming contributions from researchers worldwide, the journal promotes meaningful dialogue on business and management challenges.

The journal is also committed to supporting early-career scholars and practitioner-researchers. IJABMS aims to provide a supportive yet rigorous platform for emerging voices in accountancy and business research.

As we launch this first issue, we reaffirm our commitment to ethical publishing, transparency, and continuous improvement. IJABMS will continue to evolve alongside developments in business environments and research methodologies.

On behalf of the Editorial Board, we extend our sincere gratitude to all who contributed to this maiden issue. We invite accountants, business scholars, managers, and policymakers worldwide to join us in shaping future issues of IJABMS.

 

Dr. Allan A. Calderon, Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Accountancy, Business, and Management Studies (IJABMS)

 

Editorial Board

Editor-in-Chief

  • Dr. Allan A. Calderon, Research Faculty Coordinator at the Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP)

Associate Editors

  • Dr. Helena T. Morris – Financial Accounting and Auditing
  • Dr. Wei Zhang – Strategic Management and Entrepreneurship
  • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Corporate Governance and Finance
  • Dr. Priya R. Menon – Human Resource Management and Leadership

Managing Editor

  • Ms. Clarissa R. Mendoza, MSc Business Administration

Section Editors

  • Dr. Andrew J. Collins – Accounting Information Systems and Analytics
  • Dr. Sofia L. Romano – Marketing and Consumer Behavior
  • Dr. Daniel K. Nguyen – Innovation, SMEs, and Digital Business

Journal Staff

  • Editorial Assistant: Mr. Joshua L. Navarro
  • Copy Editor: Ms. Regina L. Bautista, MA English
  • Language Editor: Dr. Margaret E. Collins
  • Layout and Production Editor: Mr. Vincent A. Navarro
  • Plagiarism and Ethics Officer: Dr. Noel B. Ramirez
  • Technical and Web Support: ETCOR Publications Unit

Pool of Peer Reviewers

(International and Multidisciplinary)

  • Dr. Hiroshi Tanaka – Financial Accounting, Japan
  • Dr. Maria L. Gonzales – Management Studies, Philippines
  • Dr. Andrew P. Collins – Corporate Governance, Australia
  • Dr. Aisha R. El-Sayed – Finance and Auditing, Egypt
  • Dr. Thomas A. Keller – Strategic Management, Germany
  • Dr. Priya S. Nair – Human Resource Management, India
  • Dr. Carlos J. Fernandez – Entrepreneurship and SMEs, Spain
  • Dr. Mei-Ling Wu – Business Analytics and FinTech, Taiwan
  • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Accounting Standards and Regulation, Nigeria
  • Dr. Olivia M. Brooks – Corporate Finance and Sustainability, United States

International Journal of Engineering, Industrial, Maritime, and Technological Innovation (INJENI)

International Journal of Engineering, Industrial, Maritime, and Technological Innovation (INJENI)


Print ISSN: 3116-3807

Electronic ISSN: 3116-3815

 

About the Journal

 

The International Journal of Engineering, Industrial, Maritime, and Technological Innovation (INJENI) is a scholarly, open-access, quarterly, peer-reviewed, international print and online research journal dedicated to the advancement of knowledge in engineering systems, industrial research, maritime engineering, smart technologies, and technological innovation. INJENI serves as a global platform for engineers, industrial researchers, maritime professionals, technologists, systems designers, port and offshore engineers, and interdisciplinary scholars to disseminate high-quality experimental, computational, design-based, and applied research that drives technological progress, industrial efficiency, and sustainable engineering solutions. The journal is committed to maintaining rigorous technical standards, ethical research practices, and global visibility through international indexing, Crossref DOI registration, and print and electronic ISSN accreditation.

 

Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/profi...

Submit Study: https://tinyurl.com/INJENIjour...

Templates: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...

 

Aims and Scope

 

Aims

INJENI aims to:

  1. Promote high-quality research in engineering, industrial, maritime, and technological innovation
  2. Advance engineering systems design, optimization, and industrial and maritime applications
  3. Encourage interdisciplinary integration of engineering, digital technologies, marine and offshore systems, and industry practices
  4. Provide a venue for global, applied, and industry-relevant engineering and maritime research
  5. Support innovation in maritime, smart, and emerging technologies

 

Scope

The journal welcomes original research articles, systematic reviews, technical reports, design studies, and applied research papers in, but not limited to, the following areas:

  • Engineering systems and systems engineering
  • Industrial engineering and operations management
  • Mechanical, electrical, civil, and electronics engineering
  • Maritime engineering, naval architecture, offshore systems, marine propulsion, and port technologies
  • Automation, robotics, and smart manufacturing
  • Industry 4.0, digital transformation, and cyber-physical systems
  • Artificial intelligence and data-driven engineering applications
  • Sustainable engineering and green technologies
  • Infrastructure systems and industrial safety
  • Interdisciplinary and applied engineering research

 

Publication Frequency and Format

  • Frequency: Quarterly (4 issues per year)
  • Formats: Print and Online
  • Review Type: Double-blind peer review
  • Identifiers:
    • Print ISSN (to be registered)
    • Electronic ISSN (to be registered)
    • Crossref DOI assigned to all published articles

 

Submission Guidelines

 

Author Guidelines / Instructions to Authors

 

Manuscripts are received with the understanding that they contain original scholarly work that has not been previously published nor is under consideration for publication elsewhere.

 

Authors must submit manuscripts through https://tinyurl.com/INJENIjour...

 

For manuscripts with two or more authors, the corresponding author must submit the manuscript on behalf of all co-authors.

 

For inquiries, authors may contact:

  • ETCOR Mobile: 0939-202-9035
  • Email: embracingthecultureofresearch@gmail.com

 

Funding Disclosure

All authors must disclose all funding sources or financial support, if any, related to the research.

 

With regard to research submitted for possible publication, authors must ensure that they follow the journal format, including the template, header, footer, font size and font style. Author/s must download and follow the sample manuscript found via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI... Kindly reduce the manuscript to 10-12 pages only, including the References. Kindly choose only the most salient parts of the paper

 

Additionally, kindly comply with the following:

 

  • Academic Significance, Contribution to Discipline or Community, Technical Novelty
  • English Usage (or Filipino, as may be applicable)
    • Use past tense consistently since the study is already completed.
    • Avoid first-person point of view (“I,” “we”); instead, maintain a third-person scientific tone.
    • Avoid contractions; spell out complete words to retain formality.
    • Provide English translations for words, terms, or items not understandable to international readers.
  • Abstract The abstract should follow the journal’s prescribed format and accurately reflect the study’s major components. Ensure that it correctly presents the aim, methodology, key findings or results, and conclusion in a concise and logical manner.
  • Introduction / Background of the Study
    • Present a clear rationale or background from the global to Philippine/local contexts.
    • Show the trends and issues related to the study, supported with recent and relevant citations (2021–2026 preferred).
    • Identify and explain the research gap/s, highlighting why the present study is necessary and how it differs from prior works.
  • Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions The Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions must be clearly, explicitly, and logically stated.
    • The statement of the problem is a detailed explanation of the issue, gap, or challenge that the study seeks to address. It frames the context and justifies why the study is necessary, usually written in declarative form as a narrative or paragraph. Its purpose is to highlight the significance, scope, and urgency of the study, providing a broad and contextual background of the issue at hand. For example, a study may state: “Despite government programs, many senior citizens in rural areas experience delays in receiving social pensions, raising concerns about accessibility and efficiency.”
    • The research objectives represent the specific aims or intentions of the study, focusing on what the researcher seeks to accomplish. These are written in infinitive form such as “To determine…” or “To examine…,” ensuring that the targets are clear, measurable, and achievable. Unlike the broad statement of the problem, objectives are narrower and centered on actionable outcomes. For instance, a general objective could be “To assess the implementation of the Social Pension Program in Balbalan, Kalinga.” This may be broken down into specific objectives, such as: (1) To determine the accessibility of the program, (2) To examine its impact on beneficiaries, and (3) To identify challenges faced in its implementation.
    • The research questions are the interrogative form of the objectives, expressed as direct questions the study seeks to answer. They are usually written in formats such as “What is…?” or “How does…?” and serve the purpose of guiding data collection and analysis by pointing to specific inquiries. Research questions are even more specific than objectives, as they operationalize the study’s goals into answerable items. Using the same example, the research questions could include: RQ1: How accessible is the Social Pension Program to senior citizens in Balbalan? RQ2: What impact does the program have on the beneficiaries’ quality of life? RQ3: What challenges hinder the effective implementation of the program?
  • Review of Related Literature and Studies
    • Avoid outdated sources (1–2 decades old) for dynamic or evolving concepts.
    • Do not use sources with “no date (n.d.).”
    • Ensure citations are aligned with the arguments and logically linked to the study.
    • There must be a clear synthesis at the end of the RRLS that captures key insights, connects the reviewed works, and justifies the need for the present study.
  • Theoretical and/or Conceptual Framework
  • Research Methodology (Research Design, Population and Sampling, Instrument, Data Collection, Treatment of Data, Ethics in Research)
    • Research Design: Describe what design was used, how it was applied, and why it was the most suited.
    • Population and Sampling and Other Source/s of Data: Provide the exact number of participants/respondents, how and why they were selected. If you used other source/s of data (documents, policies, other contents), describe each document, how each was accessed, and why each is needed in the study. 
    • Instrument/s: State whether the instrument was adopted or researcher-made. Describe its validation process, including the qualifications of validators.
    • Data Collection: Focus on how, when, and where the data was collected. Do not include ethics approval here.
    • Treatment of Data: Clearly describe the methods of data analysis or statistical treatment. For qualitative analysis, avoid generic discussions (e.g., what thematic analysis is according to authors). Instead, show how the method was applied in your study.
    • Ethical Considerations: Include ethical approval, informed consent, and permissions here, not in other subsections.
    • Avoid “chop-suey” writing (mixing unrelated topics).
    • If the study used a mixed-method approach, discuss both parts separately (quantitative and qualitative)—design, participants, instruments, data collection, treatment of data, ethical considerations—and explain how the two sets of data were integrated.
    • Use plural (“researchers”) consistently if the paper has co-authors.
  • Results and Discussion
    • Present results clearly, logically, and aligned with the research questions.
    • Support findings with relevant and recent literature.
    • Integrate discussion immediately after each result to enhance coherence.
  • Conclusions and Recommendations

The paper should demonstrate importance to the academic community or to research in general. It must offer a material contribution to its discipline and present novel or unique ideas that may be useful to the community. Clearly show the research gap, why there was a need to investigate the present study, and how it is different from previous works.

The manuscript must adhere to the rules of grammar and language usage, whether in English or Filipino.

The introduction must:

This section must include sufficient, relevant, and up-to-date references to support the rationale and conduct of the research.

An appropriate theoretical and/or conceptual framework must be presented to anchor the study.

The methodology section should be well-structured, detailed, and properly organized. Each subsection should only contain content appropriate to it:

Important Reminders:

  • Conclusions must be logically drawn from the study’s findings.
  • Recommendations should be specific, actionable, and relevant to the results. Avoid generic statements.
  • References (APA 7th Edition)

References must strictly adhere to APA 7th edition. Authors must review their entire manuscript carefully:

  • Ensure proper formatting (e.g., italicizing journal names, use of “&” vs. “and,” correct application of et al., punctuation, spacing, quotation marks).
  • All in-text citations must appear in the References list and vice versa. No mismatches allowed.
  • Avoid old references; prioritize recent ones.
  • If a citation was included but missing in the References, update it properly (do not erase it without explanation). Similarly, remove unused entries from the References list.
  • The paper will not be published if even one citation/reference entry is non-compliant.

APA 7th requires:

·      All sources listed in the References Section must match 100% with the actual sources used in the entire manuscript, and all sources cited in the entire manuscript are reflected in the list of sources in the References section. 

  • Author/s should provide a link to every research article or literature/document, where we can find the journal or document, or best, where we can find the specific research article/document. Must provide the DOI for it, or URL if the journal is not yet DOI accredited, or link to the document. 

·       Arranged alphabetically regardless of classifications (Do not categorize or classify if books, or journals, or other documents. Just arrange alphabetically all sources)

·       Used hanging indent. 

·       Author(s) last name, initials.

·       Year of publication in parentheses.

·       Title of article in sentence case (only first word, proper nouns, and first word after a colon capitalized).

·       Journal titles in italics and title case.

·       Volume numbers italicized; issue numbers in parentheses (not italicized).

·       Page ranges given without extra words.

·       DOI formatted as URL (https://doi.org/...).

·       Retrieval statements are used sparingly (only when content is likely to change).

·       For secondary sources, only the work actually consulted (the secondary source) is included in the References list; the original source cited indirectly (e.g., “as cited in”) must not be listed unless it was directly read by the author.

 

  • Acronyms and Abbreviations

Always define acronyms upon first mention in the manuscript. Do not assume that readers will automatically know them.

 

Authors are also required to submit a duly signed Authorship and Contribution Declaration Form, which can be accessed via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...

 

Review Process

 

Upon receipt, authors receive an acknowledgment email.

 

Manuscripts not following the journal template will be returned. Compliant manuscripts undergo:

  1. Initial screening by the Associate Editor
  2. Plagiarism check
  3. Double-blind peer review by two subject-expert reviewers

 

Review decisions may be:

  • Publish unaltered
  • Accept after minor revisions
  • Accept after major revisions
  • Reject

 

In cases of split reviewer decisions, a third reviewer will be assigned. Authors are given two weeks for revisions. Final decisions are made by the Editor-in-Chief.

 

Publication Policies and Ethics

 

Changes to Authorship

Authors retain copyright under a licensed agreement and may archive:

  • Pre-print
  • Post-print
  • Publisher’s PDF

 

Conflict of Interest

All authors must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest.

 

Article Retraction

Retractions may occur due to ethical violations such as plagiarism, duplicate submission, or data fabrication. Retraction fee: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Withdrawal

Withdrawal after completion of review and editorial processing incurs a fee of: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Removal

Articles may be removed only under legal or safety circumstances.

 

Additional Information

  • Call for Research Articles: Rolling basis
  • Application for Peer Reviewers and Language Editors: Open
  • Publication Charges and Discounts: Available for ETCOR Research Consultants and External Reviewers
  • Indexing and Archiving: International databases and institutional repositories
  • Editorial Board: International and multidisciplinary

 

 Editor’s Note

International Journal of Engineering, Industrial, and Technological Innovation (INJENI)

It is with great pride and enthusiasm that we present the maiden issue of the International Journal of Engineering, Industrial, Maritime, and Technological Innovation (INJENI). This inaugural publication reflects ETCOR’s commitment to advancing innovative and application-driven engineering and maritime research.

Engineering and industrial research lie at the core of technological progress and economic development. As industries navigate digital transformation, automation, and sustainability challenges, engineering research must continuously evolve to provide practical and forward-looking solutions.

INJENI provides a scholarly platform for research spanning engineering systems, industrial processes, maritime and offshore technologies, port systems, and smart innovations.

As a peer-reviewed international journal, INJENI upholds the highest standards of technical rigor through a double-blind review process, strict adherence to publication ethics, and emphasis on methodological soundness and validation.

The journal seeks to bridge theory and practice. Engineering research achieves its greatest impact when theoretical models and technological innovations are translated into industrial applications and operational improvements.

This maiden issue is the result of collaborative efforts among authors, reviewers, editors, and technical specialists who share a dedication to scholarly excellence and responsible engineering practice.

INJENI is positioned as a global journal that values interdisciplinary and industry-oriented research. By welcoming contributions from researchers worldwide, the journal promotes international collaboration and knowledge exchange.

The journal is also committed to supporting early-career engineers and emerging researchers. INJENI aims to provide a supportive yet rigorous platform for developing and disseminating innovative engineering ideas.

As we launch this first issue, we reaffirm our commitment to ethical research, safety, and continuous improvement. INJENI will continue to evolve alongside advances in engineering and industrial technologies.

On behalf of the Editorial Board, we extend our sincere gratitude to all who contributed to this maiden issue. We invite engineers, technologists, and industrial researchers worldwide to join us in shaping future issues of INJENI.

 

Engr. Luisito Lolong Lacatan, Editor-in-Chief International Journal of Engineering, Industrial, and Technological Innovation (INJENI)

 

Editorial Board

Editor-in-Chief

  • Engr. Luisito Lolong Lacatan, Associate Professor V, Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP) 

Associate Editors

  • Dr. Michael J. O’Connor – Industrial and Systems Engineering
  • Dr. Wei Zhang – Automation and Smart Technologies
  • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Maritime and Offshore Engineering
  • Dr. Priya R. Menon – Engineering Innovation and Digital Systems

Managing Editor

  • Ms. Clarissa R. Mendoza, MSc Engineering

Section Editors

  • Dr. Andrew J. Collins – Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering
  • Dr. Sofia L. Romano – Electrical and Electronics Engineering
  • Dr. Daniel K. Nguyen – Infrastructure and Sustainable Engineering

Journal Staff

  • Editorial Assistant: Mr. Joshua L. Navarro
  • Copy Editor: Ms. Regina L. Bautista, MA English
  • Language Editor: Dr. Margaret E. Collins
  • Layout and Production Editor: Mr. Vincent A. Navarro
  • Plagiarism and Ethics Officer: Dr. Noel B. Ramirez
  • Technical and Web Support: ETCOR Publications Unit

Pool of Peer Reviewers

(International and Multidisciplinary)

  • Dr. Hiroshi Tanaka – Industrial Automation, Japan
  • Dr. Maria L. Gonzales – Manufacturing Engineering, Philippines
  • Dr. Andrew P. Collins – Systems Engineering, Australia
  • Dr. Aisha R. El-Sayed – Smart Technologies, Egypt
  • Dr. Thomas A. Keller – Industrial Systems and Optimization, Germany
  • Dr. Priya S. Nair – Engineering Innovation, India
  • Dr. Carlos J. Fernandez – Maritime Engineering, Spain
  • Dr. Mei-Ling Wu – Robotics and Automation, Taiwan
  • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Offshore and Marine Engineering, Nigeria
  • Dr. Olivia M. Brooks – Sustainable Engineering Systems, United States

International Journal of Social Science Research and Policy Studies (INSORPS)

International Journal of Social Science Research and Policy Studies (INSORPS)


Print ISSN: 3116-3823

Electronic ISSN: 3116-3831

 

About the Journal

 

The International Journal of Social Science Research and Policy Studies (INSORPS) is a scholarly, open-access,quarterly, peer-reviewed, international print and online research journal dedicated to the advancement of knowledge in social sciences, governance, economics, development studies, and public policy research. INSORPS serves as a global platform for social scientists, economists, development practitioners, policy analysts, public administrators, and interdisciplinary researchers to disseminate high-quality empirical, theoretical, and policy-oriented studies that contribute to understanding social dynamics and improving governance and development outcomes. The journal is committed to maintaining rigorous scholarly standards, ethical research practices, and global visibility through international indexing, Crossref DOI registration, and print and electronic ISSN accreditation.

 

Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/profi...

Submit Study: https://tinyurl.com/INSORPSjou...  

Templates: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...   

 

Aims and Scope

 

Aims

INSORPS aims to:

  1. Promote high-quality research in the social sciences and public policy
  2. Advance theoretical and empirical understanding of social, economic, and political processes
  3. Encourage interdisciplinary and comparative social research
  4. Provide a venue for policy-relevant and evidence-based studies
  5. Support scholarship that informs governance, development, and social transformation

 

Scope

The journal welcomes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, policy papers, and conceptual studies in, but not limited to, the following areas:

  • Sociology and social theory
  • Economics, development economics, and political economy
  • Governance, public administration, and public policy
  • Political science and international relations
  • Development studies and social development
  • Urban and rural studies
  • Social inequality, gender, and social inclusion
  • Migration, population, and demographic studies
  • Community development and social welfare
  • Interdisciplinary social science research

 

Publication Frequency and Format

  • Frequency: Quarterly (4 issues per year)
  • Formats: Print and Online
  • Review Type: Double-blind peer review
  • Identifiers:
    • Print ISSN (to be registered)
    • Electronic ISSN (to be registered)
    • Crossref DOI assigned to all published articles

 

Submission Guidelines

 

Author Guidelines / Instructions to Authors

 

Manuscripts are received with the understanding that they contain original scholarly work that has not been previously published nor is under consideration for publication elsewhere.

 

Authors must submit manuscripts through https://tinyurl.com/INSORPSjou...  

 

For manuscripts with two or more authors, the corresponding author must submit the manuscript on behalf of all co-authors.

 

For inquiries, authors may contact:

  • ETCOR Mobile: 0939-202-9035
  • Email: embracingthecultureofresearch@gmail.com

 

Funding Disclosure

All authors must disclose all funding sources or financial support, if any, related to the research.

 

With regard to research submitted for possible publication, authors must ensure that they follow the journal format, including the template, header, footer, font size and font style. Author/s must download and follow the sample manuscript found via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI... Kindly reduce the manuscript to 10-12 pages only, including the References. Kindly choose only the most salient parts of the paper

 

Additionally, kindly comply with the following:

 

  • Academic Significance, Contribution to Discipline or Community, Technical Novelty
  • English Usage (or Filipino, as may be applicable)
    • Use past tense consistently since the study is already completed.
    • Avoid first-person point of view (“I,” “we”); instead, maintain a third-person scientific tone.
    • Avoid contractions; spell out complete words to retain formality.
    • Provide English translations for words, terms, or items not understandable to international readers.
  • Abstract The abstract should follow the journal’s prescribed format and accurately reflect the study’s major components. Ensure that it correctly presents the aim, methodology, key findings or results, and conclusion in a concise and logical manner.
  • Introduction / Background of the Study
    • Present a clear rationale or background from the global to Philippine/local contexts.
    • Show the trends and issues related to the study, supported with recent and relevant citations (2021–2026 preferred).
    • Identify and explain the research gap/s, highlighting why the present study is necessary and how it differs from prior works.
  • Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions The Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions must be clearly, explicitly, and logically stated.
    • The statement of the problem is a detailed explanation of the issue, gap, or challenge that the study seeks to address. It frames the context and justifies why the study is necessary, usually written in declarative form as a narrative or paragraph. Its purpose is to highlight the significance, scope, and urgency of the study, providing a broad and contextual background of the issue at hand. For example, a study may state: “Despite government programs, many senior citizens in rural areas experience delays in receiving social pensions, raising concerns about accessibility and efficiency.”
    • The research objectives represent the specific aims or intentions of the study, focusing on what the researcher seeks to accomplish. These are written in infinitive form such as “To determine…” or “To examine…,” ensuring that the targets are clear, measurable, and achievable. Unlike the broad statement of the problem, objectives are narrower and centered on actionable outcomes. For instance, a general objective could be “To assess the implementation of the Social Pension Program in Balbalan, Kalinga.” This may be broken down into specific objectives, such as: (1) To determine the accessibility of the program, (2) To examine its impact on beneficiaries, and (3) To identify challenges faced in its implementation.
    • The research questions are the interrogative form of the objectives, expressed as direct questions the study seeks to answer. They are usually written in formats such as “What is…?” or “How does…?” and serve the purpose of guiding data collection and analysis by pointing to specific inquiries. Research questions are even more specific than objectives, as they operationalize the study’s goals into answerable items. Using the same example, the research questions could include: RQ1: How accessible is the Social Pension Program to senior citizens in Balbalan? RQ2: What impact does the program have on the beneficiaries’ quality of life? RQ3: What challenges hinder the effective implementation of the program?
  • Review of Related Literature and Studies
    • Avoid outdated sources (1–2 decades old) for dynamic or evolving concepts.
    • Do not use sources with “no date (n.d.).”
    • Ensure citations are aligned with the arguments and logically linked to the study.
    • There must be a clear synthesis at the end of the RRLS that captures key insights, connects the reviewed works, and justifies the need for the present study.
  • Theoretical and/or Conceptual Framework
  • Research Methodology (Research Design, Population and Sampling, Instrument, Data Collection, Treatment of Data, Ethics in Research)
    • Research Design: Describe what design was used, how it was applied, and why it was the most suited.
    • Population and Sampling and Other Source/s of Data: Provide the exact number of participants/respondents, how and why they were selected. If you used other source/s of data (documents, policies, other contents), describe each document, how each was accessed, and why each is needed in the study. 
    • Instrument/s: State whether the instrument was adopted or researcher-made. Describe its validation process, including the qualifications of validators.
    • Data Collection: Focus on how, when, and where the data was collected. Do not include ethics approval here.
    • Treatment of Data: Clearly describe the methods of data analysis or statistical treatment. For qualitative analysis, avoid generic discussions (e.g., what thematic analysis is according to authors). Instead, show how the method was applied in your study.
    • Ethical Considerations: Include ethical approval, informed consent, and permissions here, not in other subsections.
    • Avoid “chop-suey” writing (mixing unrelated topics).
    • If the study used a mixed-method approach, discuss both parts separately (quantitative and qualitative)—design, participants, instruments, data collection, treatment of data, ethical considerations—and explain how the two sets of data were integrated.
    • Use plural (“researchers”) consistently if the paper has co-authors.
  • Results and Discussion
    • Present results clearly, logically, and aligned with the research questions.
    • Support findings with relevant and recent literature.
    • Integrate discussion immediately after each result to enhance coherence.
  • Conclusions and Recommendations

The paper should demonstrate importance to the academic community or to research in general. It must offer a material contribution to its discipline and present novel or unique ideas that may be useful to the community. Clearly show the research gap, why there was a need to investigate the present study, and how it is different from previous works.

The manuscript must adhere to the rules of grammar and language usage, whether in English or Filipino.

The introduction must:

This section must include sufficient, relevant, and up-to-date references to support the rationale and conduct of the research.

An appropriate theoretical and/or conceptual framework must be presented to anchor the study.

The methodology section should be well-structured, detailed, and properly organized. Each subsection should only contain content appropriate to it:

Important Reminders:

  • Conclusions must be logically drawn from the study’s findings.
  • Recommendations should be specific, actionable, and relevant to the results. Avoid generic statements.
  • References (APA 7th Edition)

References must strictly adhere to APA 7th edition. Authors must review their entire manuscript carefully:

  • Ensure proper formatting (e.g., italicizing journal names, use of “&” vs. “and,” correct application of et al., punctuation, spacing, quotation marks).
  • All in-text citations must appear in the References list and vice versa. No mismatches allowed.
  • Avoid old references; prioritize recent ones.
  • If a citation was included but missing in the References, update it properly (do not erase it without explanation). Similarly, remove unused entries from the References list.
  • The paper will not be published if even one citation/reference entry is non-compliant.

APA 7th requires:

·      All sources listed in the References Section must match 100% with the actual sources used in the entire manuscript, and all sources cited in the entire manuscript are reflected in the list of sources in the References section. 

  • Author/s should provide a link to every research article or literature/document, where we can find the journal or document, or best, where we can find the specific research article/document. Must provide the DOI for it, or URL if the journal is not yet DOI accredited, or link to the document. 

·       Arranged alphabetically regardless of classifications (Do not categorize or classify if books, or journals, or other documents. Just arrange alphabetically all sources)

·       Used hanging indent. 

·       Author(s) last name, initials.

·       Year of publication in parentheses.

·       Title of article in sentence case (only first word, proper nouns, and first word after a colon capitalized).

·       Journal titles in italics and title case.

·       Volume numbers italicized; issue numbers in parentheses (not italicized).

·       Page ranges given without extra words.

·       DOI formatted as URL (https://doi.org/...).

·       Retrieval statements are used sparingly (only when content is likely to change).

·       For secondary sources, only the work actually consulted (the secondary source) is included in the References list; the original source cited indirectly (e.g., “as cited in”) must not be listed unless it was directly read by the author.

 

  • Acronyms and Abbreviations

Always define acronyms upon first mention in the manuscript. Do not assume that readers will automatically know them.

 

Authors are also required to submit a duly signed Authorship and Contribution Declaration Form, which can be accessed via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...

 

Review Process

 

Upon receipt, authors receive an acknowledgment email.

 

Manuscripts not following the journal template will be returned. Compliant manuscripts undergo:

  1. Initial screening by the Associate Editor
  2. Plagiarism check
  3. Double-blind peer review by two subject-expert reviewers

 

Review decisions may be:

  • Publish unaltered
  • Accept after minor revisions
  • Accept after major revisions
  • Reject

 

In cases of split reviewer decisions, a third reviewer will be assigned. Authors are given two weeks for revisions. Final decisions are made by the Editor-in-Chief.

 

Publication Policies and Ethics

 

Changes to Authorship

Authors retain copyright under a licensed agreement and may archive:

  • Pre-print
  • Post-print
  • Publisher’s PDF

 

Conflict of Interest

All authors must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest.

 

Article Retraction

Retractions may occur due to ethical violations such as plagiarism, duplicate submission, or data fabrication. Retraction fee: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Withdrawal

Withdrawal after completion of review and editorial processing incurs a fee of: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Removal

Articles may be removed only under legal or safety circumstances.

 

Additional Information

  • Call for Research Articles: Rolling basis
  • Application for Peer Reviewers and Language Editors: Open
  • Publication Charges and Discounts: Available for ETCOR Research Consultants and External Reviewers
  • Indexing and Archiving: International databases and institutional repositories
  • Editorial Board: International and multidisciplinary

 

Editor’s Note

International Journal of Social Science Research and Policy Studies (INSORPS)

 

It is with great pride and enthusiasm that we present the maiden issue of the International Journal of Social Science Research and Policy Studies (INSORPS). This inaugural publication reflects ETCOR Educational Research Center’s commitment to advancing rigorous and policy-relevant social science research.

Social sciences play a critical role in understanding the complexities of society, governance, and development. As nations confront challenges related to inequality, economic transformation, governance reform, and social cohesion, evidence-based research becomes essential for informed decision-making.

INSORPS provides a scholarly platform for studies that examine social structures, economic systems, governance mechanisms, and public policy processes. This maiden issue highlights the diversity of contemporary social science inquiry through research addressing development, governance, and social change.

As a peer-reviewed international journal, INSORPS upholds the highest standards of academic integrity through a double-blind review process, strict adherence to publication ethics, and commitment to methodological rigor.

The journal seeks to bridge research and policy. Social science research achieves its greatest impact when empirical evidence and theoretical insights inform policy formulation, governance practices, and development interventions.

This maiden issue is the result of collaborative efforts among authors, reviewers, editors, and technical specialists who share a dedication to scholarly excellence and socially responsible research.

INSORPS is positioned as a global journal that values comparative, interdisciplinary, and cross-national perspectives. By welcoming contributions from researchers worldwide, the journal promotes international dialogue on social and policy issues.

The journal is also committed to supporting early-career social scientists and practitioner-researchers. INSORPS aims to provide a supportive yet rigorous platform for emerging scholars to engage in global academic discourse.

As we launch this first issue, we reaffirm our commitment to ethical publishing, transparency, and continuous improvement. INSORPS will continue to evolve alongside developments in social science theory, methods, and policy practice.

On behalf of the Editorial Board, we extend our sincere gratitude to all who contributed to this maiden issue. We invite social scientists, policymakers, and development practitioners worldwide to join us in shaping future issues of INSORPS.

 

Dr. Shielilo R. Amihan, Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Social Science Research and Policy Studies (INSORPS) 

 

Editorial Board

Editor-in-Chief

  • Dr. Shielilo R. Amihan, Dean for Faculty and Academic Affairs, PHINMA Rizal College of Laguna 

Associate Editors

  • Dr. Helena T. Morris – Social Theory and Sociology
  • Dr. Wei Zhang – Economics and Development Studies
  • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Governance and Public Administration
  • Dr. Priya R. Menon – Policy Analysis and Social Development

Managing Editor

  • Ms. Clarissa R. Mendoza, MSc Social Sciences

Section Editors

  • Dr. Andrew J. Collins – Political Science and Governance
  • Dr. Sofia L. Romano – Development Economics
  • Dr. Daniel K. Nguyen – Comparative and International Studies

Journal Staff

  • Editorial Assistant: Mr. Joshua L. Navarro
  • Copy Editor: Ms. Regina L. Bautista, MA English
  • Language Editor: Dr. Margaret E. Collins
  • Layout and Production Editor: Mr. Vincent A. Navarro
  • Plagiarism and Ethics Officer: Dr. Noel B. Ramirez
  • Technical and Web Support: ETCOR Publications Unit

Pool of Peer Reviewers

(International and Multidisciplinary)

  • Dr. Hiroshi Tanaka – Social Policy, Japan
  • Dr. Maria L. Gonzales – Development Studies, Philippines
  • Dr. Andrew P. Collins – Governance and Public Policy, Australia
  • Dr. Aisha R. El-Sayed – Political Economy, Egypt
  • Dr. Thomas A. Keller – Comparative Politics, Germany
  • Dr. Priya S. Nair – Social Development, India
  • Dr. Carlos J. Fernandez – Public Administration, Spain
  • Dr. Mei-Ling Wu – Economic Sociology, Taiwan
  • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Governance and Institutional Studies, Nigeria
  • Dr. Olivia M. Brooks – Policy Evaluation and Social Research, United States

International Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Sustainable Development (IJTHSD)

International Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Sustainable Development (IJTHSD)

 

Print ISSN: 3116-384X

Electronic ISSN: 3116-3858

 

About the Journal

 

The International Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Sustainable Development (IJTHSD) is a scholarly, open-access, quarterly, peer-reviewed, international print and online research journal dedicated to the advancement of knowledge in tourism studies, hospitality management, food and culinary tourism, restaurant and café enterprises, sustainable tourism development, and destination governanceIJTHSD serves as a global platform for tourism researchers, hospitality and food service professionals, restaurateurs, café operators, destination planners, policymakers, and interdisciplinary scholars to disseminate high-quality empirical, theoretical, and practice-based research that contributes to responsible tourism growth, culinary heritage preservation, community-based enterprises, and sustainable destination management. The journal is committed to maintaining rigorous scholarly standards, ethical research practices, and global visibility through international indexing, Crossref DOI registration, and print and electronic ISSN accreditation.

 

Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/profi...

Submit Study: https://tinyurl.com/IJTHSDjour...   

Templates: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...   

 

Aims and Scope

 

Aims

IJTHSD aims to:

1.     Promote high-quality research in tourism, hospitality, food and culinary tourism, and sustainable development

2.     Advance theoretical and applied understanding of tourism systems, hospitality operations, and gastronomy-driven destination experiences

3.     Encourage interdisciplinary research linking tourism with culture, food, environment, economics, and policy

4.     Provide a venue for global, comparative, and community-based tourism and hospitality studies

5.     Support evidence-based tourism planning, restaurant and café development, governance, and sustainability initiatives

 

Scope

The journal welcomes original research articles, systematic reviews, conceptual papers, case studies, and policy analyses in, but not limited to, the following areas:

·       Tourism planning and destination development

·       Hospitality, hotel, restaurant, café, and food service management

·       Food tourism, culinary tourism, gastronomy, and local cuisine studies

·       Sustainable and responsible tourism

·       Community-based, cultural, and heritage tourism

·       Tourism economics and impact assessment

·       Ecotourism and nature-based tourism

·       Heritage, creative, and food-based tourism experiences

·       Tourism governance, policy, and regulation

·       Event, cruise, maritime, and festival tourism

·       Tourism resilience, crisis, and disaster management

 

Publication Frequency and Format

·       Frequency: Quarterly (4 issues per year)

·       Formats: Print and Online

·       Review Type: Double-blind peer review

·       Identifiers:

o   Print ISSN (to be registered)

o   Electronic ISSN (to be registered)

o   Crossref DOI assigned to all published articles

 

Submission Guidelines

 

Author Guidelines / Instructions to Authors

 

Manuscripts are received with the understanding that they contain original scholarly work that has not been previously published nor is under consideration for publication elsewhere.

 

Authors must submit manuscripts through https://tinyurl.com/IJTHSDjour...

 

For manuscripts with two or more authors, the corresponding author must submit the manuscript on behalf of all co-authors.

 

For inquiries, authors may contact:

  • ETCOR Mobile: 0939-202-9035
  • Email: embracingthecultureofresearch@gmail.com

 

Funding Disclosure

All authors must disclose all funding sources or financial support, if any, related to the research.

 

With regard to research submitted for possible publication, authors must ensure that they follow the journal format, including the template, header, footer, font size and font style. Author/s must download and follow the sample manuscript found via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI... Kindly reduce the manuscript to 10-12 pages only, including the References. Kindly choose only the most salient parts of the paper

 

Additionally, kindly comply with the following:

 

  • Academic Significance, Contribution to Discipline or Community, Technical Novelty
  • English Usage (or Filipino, as may be applicable)
    • Use past tense consistently since the study is already completed.
    • Avoid first-person point of view (“I,” “we”); instead, maintain a third-person scientific tone.
    • Avoid contractions; spell out complete words to retain formality.
    • Provide English translations for words, terms, or items not understandable to international readers.
  • Abstract The abstract should follow the journal’s prescribed format and accurately reflect the study’s major components. Ensure that it correctly presents the aim, methodology, key findings or results, and conclusion in a concise and logical manner.
  • Introduction / Background of the Study
    • Present a clear rationale or background from the global to Philippine/local contexts.
    • Show the trends and issues related to the study, supported with recent and relevant citations (2021–2026 preferred).
    • Identify and explain the research gap/s, highlighting why the present study is necessary and how it differs from prior works.
  • Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions The Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions must be clearly, explicitly, and logically stated.
    • The statement of the problem is a detailed explanation of the issue, gap, or challenge that the study seeks to address. It frames the context and justifies why the study is necessary, usually written in declarative form as a narrative or paragraph. Its purpose is to highlight the significance, scope, and urgency of the study, providing a broad and contextual background of the issue at hand. For example, a study may state: “Despite government programs, many senior citizens in rural areas experience delays in receiving social pensions, raising concerns about accessibility and efficiency.”
    • The research objectives represent the specific aims or intentions of the study, focusing on what the researcher seeks to accomplish. These are written in infinitive form such as “To determine…” or “To examine…,” ensuring that the targets are clear, measurable, and achievable. Unlike the broad statement of the problem, objectives are narrower and centered on actionable outcomes. For instance, a general objective could be “To assess the implementation of the Social Pension Program in Balbalan, Kalinga.” This may be broken down into specific objectives, such as: (1) To determine the accessibility of the program, (2) To examine its impact on beneficiaries, and (3) To identify challenges faced in its implementation.
    • The research questions are the interrogative form of the objectives, expressed as direct questions the study seeks to answer. They are usually written in formats such as “What is…?” or “How does…?” and serve the purpose of guiding data collection and analysis by pointing to specific inquiries. Research questions are even more specific than objectives, as they operationalize the study’s goals into answerable items. Using the same example, the research questions could include: RQ1: How accessible is the Social Pension Program to senior citizens in Balbalan? RQ2: What impact does the program have on the beneficiaries’ quality of life? RQ3: What challenges hinder the effective implementation of the program?
  • Review of Related Literature and Studies
    • Avoid outdated sources (1–2 decades old) for dynamic or evolving concepts.
    • Do not use sources with “no date (n.d.).”
    • Ensure citations are aligned with the arguments and logically linked to the study.
    • There must be a clear synthesis at the end of the RRLS that captures key insights, connects the reviewed works, and justifies the need for the present study.
  • Theoretical and/or Conceptual Framework
  • Research Methodology (Research Design, Population and Sampling, Instrument, Data Collection, Treatment of Data, Ethics in Research)
    • Research Design: Describe what design was used, how it was applied, and why it was the most suited.
    • Population and Sampling and Other Source/s of Data: Provide the exact number of participants/respondents, how and why they were selected. If you used other source/s of data (documents, policies, other contents), describe each document, how each was accessed, and why each is needed in the study. 
    • Instrument/s: State whether the instrument was adopted or researcher-made. Describe its validation process, including the qualifications of validators.
    • Data Collection: Focus on how, when, and where the data was collected. Do not include ethics approval here.
    • Treatment of Data: Clearly describe the methods of data analysis or statistical treatment. For qualitative analysis, avoid generic discussions (e.g., what thematic analysis is according to authors). Instead, show how the method was applied in your study.
    • Ethical Considerations: Include ethical approval, informed consent, and permissions here, not in other subsections.
    • Avoid “chop-suey” writing (mixing unrelated topics).
    • If the study used a mixed-method approach, discuss both parts separately (quantitative and qualitative)—design, participants, instruments, data collection, treatment of data, ethical considerations—and explain how the two sets of data were integrated.
    • Use plural (“researchers”) consistently if the paper has co-authors.
  • Results and Discussion
    • Present results clearly, logically, and aligned with the research questions.
    • Support findings with relevant and recent literature.
    • Integrate discussion immediately after each result to enhance coherence.
  • Conclusions and Recommendations

The paper should demonstrate importance to the academic community or to research in general. It must offer a material contribution to its discipline and present novel or unique ideas that may be useful to the community. Clearly show the research gap, why there was a need to investigate the present study, and how it is different from previous works.

The manuscript must adhere to the rules of grammar and language usage, whether in English or Filipino.

The introduction must:

This section must include sufficient, relevant, and up-to-date references to support the rationale and conduct of the research.

An appropriate theoretical and/or conceptual framework must be presented to anchor the study.

The methodology section should be well-structured, detailed, and properly organized. Each subsection should only contain content appropriate to it:

Important Reminders:

  • Conclusions must be logically drawn from the study’s findings.
  • Recommendations should be specific, actionable, and relevant to the results. Avoid generic statements.
  • References (APA 7th Edition)

References must strictly adhere to APA 7th edition. Authors must review their entire manuscript carefully:

  • Ensure proper formatting (e.g., italicizing journal names, use of “&” vs. “and,” correct application of et al., punctuation, spacing, quotation marks).
  • All in-text citations must appear in the References list and vice versa. No mismatches allowed.
  • Avoid old references; prioritize recent ones.
  • If a citation was included but missing in the References, update it properly (do not erase it without explanation). Similarly, remove unused entries from the References list.
  • The paper will not be published if even one citation/reference entry is non-compliant.

APA 7th requires:

·      All sources listed in the References Section must match 100% with the actual sources used in the entire manuscript, and all sources cited in the entire manuscript are reflected in the list of sources in the References section. 

  • Author/s should provide a link to every research article or literature/document, where we can find the journal or document, or best, where we can find the specific research article/document. Must provide the DOI for it, or URL if the journal is not yet DOI accredited, or link to the document. 

·       Arranged alphabetically regardless of classifications (Do not categorize or classify if books, or journals, or other documents. Just arrange alphabetically all sources)

·       Used hanging indent. 

·       Author(s) last name, initials.

·       Year of publication in parentheses.

·       Title of article in sentence case (only first word, proper nouns, and first word after a colon capitalized).

·       Journal titles in italics and title case.

·       Volume numbers italicized; issue numbers in parentheses (not italicized).

·       Page ranges given without extra words.

·       DOI formatted as URL (https://doi.org/...).

·       Retrieval statements are used sparingly (only when content is likely to change).

·       For secondary sources, only the work actually consulted (the secondary source) is included in the References list; the original source cited indirectly (e.g., “as cited in”) must not be listed unless it was directly read by the author.

 

  • Acronyms and Abbreviations

Always define acronyms upon first mention in the manuscript. Do not assume that readers will automatically know them.

 

Authors are also required to submit a duly signed Authorship and Contribution Declaration Form, which can be accessed via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...

 

Review Process

 

Upon receipt, authors receive an acknowledgment email.

 

Manuscripts not following the journal template will be returned. Compliant manuscripts undergo:

  1. Initial screening by the Associate Editor
  2. Plagiarism check
  3. Double-blind peer review by two subject-expert reviewers

 

Review decisions may be:

  • Publish unaltered
  • Accept after minor revisions
  • Accept after major revisions
  • Reject

 

In cases of split reviewer decisions, a third reviewer will be assigned. Authors are given two weeks for revisions. Final decisions are made by the Editor-in-Chief.

 

Publication Policies and Ethics

 

Changes to Authorship

Authors retain copyright under a licensed agreement and may archive:

  • Pre-print
  • Post-print
  • Publisher’s PDF

 

Conflict of Interest

All authors must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest.

 

Article Retraction

Retractions may occur due to ethical violations such as plagiarism, duplicate submission, or data fabrication. Retraction fee: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Withdrawal

Withdrawal after completion of review and editorial processing incurs a fee of: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Removal

Articles may be removed only under legal or safety circumstances.

 

Additional Information

  • Call for Research Articles: Rolling basis
  • Application for Peer Reviewers and Language Editors: Open
  • Publication Charges and Discounts: Available for ETCOR Research Consultants and External Reviewers
  • Indexing and Archiving: International databases and institutional repositories
  • Editorial Board: International and multidisciplinary

 

Editor’s Note

International Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Sustainable Development (IJTHSD)

It is with great pride and enthusiasm that we present the maiden issue of the International Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Sustainable Development (IJTHSD). This inaugural publication reflects ETCOR’s commitment to advancing rigorous, inclusive, and socially responsible tourism scholarship.

Tourism and hospitality—alongside food tourism, gastronomy, restaurants, and cafés—are among the world’s most dynamic sectors, shaping economies, identities, and everyday lived experiences of destinations.

IJTHSD provides a scholarly platform for studies examining tourism systems, hospitality operations, culinary experiences, destination planning, and sustainable development, recognizing food as a central element of tourism consumption and cultural expression.

As a peer-reviewed international journal, IJTHSD upholds the highest standards of academic integrity through a double-blind review process, strict adherence to publication ethics, and commitment to methodological rigor.

The journal seeks to bridge research and practice. Tourism and food-related research achieves its greatest impact when it informs destination management, restaurant and café development, community engagement, and policy formulation.

This maiden issue is the result of collaborative efforts among authors, reviewers, editors, and language specialists who share a dedication to scholarly excellence and sustainable tourism and hospitality advocacy.

IJTHSD is positioned as a global journal that values interdisciplinary, comparative, and community-centered perspectives, including gastronomy-led tourism and small-scale hospitality enterprises.

The journal is also committed to supporting early-career tourism, hospitality, and culinary scholars. IJTHSD provides a supportive yet rigorous platform for emerging voices in tourism and food studies.

As we launch this first issue, we reaffirm our commitment to ethical publishing, sustainability, and continuous improvement, responding to evolving tourism and food consumption trends.

On behalf of the Editorial Board, we invite tourism scholars, hospitality professionals, restaurateurs, café entrepreneurs, and development practitioners worldwide to join us in shaping future issues of IJTHSD.

 

Dr. Angelyn C. Dy Tioco, Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Sustainable Development (IJTHSD)

 

Editorial Board

International Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Sustainable Development (IJTHSD)

 

Editor-in-Chief

  • Dr. Angelyn C. Dy Tioco, Program Head and Research Lead, College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management, La Consolacion University Philippines

Associate Editors

 Dr. Helena T. Morris – Sustainable Tourism and Destination Development • Dr. Wei Zhang – Hospitality Management and Service Innovation • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Community-Based, Cultural, and Culinary Tourism • Dr. Priya R. Menon – Tourism Policy, Planning, and Sustainable Development

 

Managing Editor

 Ms. Clarissa R. Mendoza, MSc Tourism and Hospitality Management

 

Section Editors

 Dr. Andrew J. Collins – Ecotourism, Environmental, and Nature-Based Tourism • Dr. Sofia L. Romano – Tourism Economics, Destination Marketing, and Food Tourism • Dr. Daniel K. Nguyen – Maritime, Cruise, Event, and Festival Tourism • Dr. Lucia M. Fernandez – Hospitality Operations, Restaurants, and Café Management

 

Journal Staff

 Editorial Assistant: Mr. Joshua L. Navarro

 Copy Editor: Ms. Regina L. Bautista, MA English

 Language Editor: Dr. Margaret E. Collins

 Layout and Production Editor: Mr. Vincent A. Navarro

 Plagiarism and Ethics Officer: Dr. Noel B. Ramirez

 Technical and Web Support: ETCOR Publications Unit

 

Pool of Peer Reviewers

(International and Multidisciplinary)

 Dr. Hiroshi Tanaka – Sustainable and Culinary Tourism, Japan • Dr. Maria L. Gonzales – Hospitality and Hotel Management, Philippines • Dr. Andrew P. Collins – Tourism Governance and Policy, Australia • Dr. Aisha R. El-Sayed – Cultural, Heritage, and Gastronomy Tourism, Egypt • Dr. Thomas A. Keller – Destination Planning and Sustainable Tourism, Germany • Dr. Priya S. Nair – Community-Based and Rural Tourism, India • Dr. Carlos J. Fernandez – Maritime, Cruise, and Coastal Tourism, Spain • Dr. Mei-Ling Wu – Tourism Economics and Food Tourism, Taiwan • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Sustainable Development and Tourism Policy, Nigeria • Dr. Olivia M. Brooks – Tourism Resilience, Crisis, and Disaster Management, United States

International Journal of Clinical, Nursing, and Population Health Sciences (INCLINPHS)

International Journal of Clinical, Nursing, and Population Health Sciences (INCLINPHS)

 

Print ISSN: 3116-3866

Electronic ISSN: 3116-3874

 

About the Journal

 

The International Journal of Clinical, Nursing, and Population Health Sciences (INCLINPHS) is a scholarly, open-access, quarterly, peer-reviewed, international print and online research journal dedicated to the advancement of knowledge in clinical medicine, nursing science, public health, epidemiology, population health, and healthcare systems research. INCLINPHS serves as a global platform for nurses, clinicians, nurse researchers, public health professionals, epidemiologists, healthcare administrators, and interdisciplinary scholars to disseminate high-quality empirical, clinical, nursing, population-based, and policy-relevant research that contributes to safe patient care, improved health outcomes, and evidence-based nursing and healthcare practice. The journal is committed to maintaining rigorous scientific and ethical standards, patient- and nurse-centered research integrity, and global visibility through international indexing, Crossref DOI registration, and print and electronic ISSN accreditation.

 

Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/profi...

Submit Study: https://tinyurl.com/INCLINPHS  

Templates: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesINCLINPHS   

 

Aims and Scope

 

Aims

INCLINPHS aims to:

1.     Promote high-quality clinical, nursing, and population health research grounded in scientific rigor

2.     Advance evidence-based nursing practice, clinical care, and public health interventions

3.     Provide a venue for global, comparative, and community-based nursing and health studies

4.     Support research that informs health policy, nursing practice, healthcare delivery, and systems improvement

5.     Encourage interdisciplinary collaboration among nursing, clinical medicine, public health, and allied health sciences

 

Scope

The journal welcomes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical and nursing reports, and population-based studies in, but not limited to, the following areas:

• Clinical medicine and allied health sciences • Nursing science, nursing practice, and nursing education research • Public health and population health studies • Epidemiology and disease surveillance • Health promotion and disease prevention • Health systems, services, and policy research • Community health nursing and primary healthcare • Global health, health equity, and vulnerable populations • Environmental and occupational health • Maternal, child, adolescent, and geriatric nursing • Infectious and non-communicable diseases • Patient safety, quality of care, and nursing leadership

 

Publication Frequency and Format

• Frequency: Quarterly (4 issues per year) • Formats: Print and Online • Review Type: Double-blind peer review • Identifiers: o Print ISSN  o Electronic ISSN o Crossref DOI assigned to all published articles

 

Submission Guidelines

 

Author Guidelines / Instructions to Authors

 

Manuscripts are received with the understanding that they contain original scholarly work that has not been previously published nor is under consideration for publication elsewhere.

 

Authors must submit manuscripts through https://tinyurl.com/INCLINPHS

 

For manuscripts with two or more authors, the corresponding author must submit the manuscript on behalf of all co-authors.

 

For inquiries, authors may contact:

  • ETCOR Mobile: 0939-202-9035
  • Email: embracingthecultureofresearch@gmail.com

 

Funding Disclosure

All authors must disclose all funding sources or financial support, if any, related to the research.

 

With regard to research submitted for possible publication, authors must ensure that they follow the journal format, including the template, header, footer, font size and font style. Author/s must download and follow the sample manuscript found via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI... Kindly reduce the manuscript to 10-12 pages only, including the References. Kindly choose only the most salient parts of the paper

 

Additionally, kindly comply with the following:

 

  • Academic Significance, Contribution to Discipline or Community, Technical Novelty
  • English Usage (or Filipino, as may be applicable)
    • Use past tense consistently since the study is already completed.
    • Avoid first-person point of view (“I,” “we”); instead, maintain a third-person scientific tone.
    • Avoid contractions; spell out complete words to retain formality.
    • Provide English translations for words, terms, or items not understandable to international readers.
  • Abstract The abstract should follow the journal’s prescribed format and accurately reflect the study’s major components. Ensure that it correctly presents the aim, methodology, key findings or results, and conclusion in a concise and logical manner.
  • Introduction / Background of the Study
    • Present a clear rationale or background from the global to Philippine/local contexts.
    • Show the trends and issues related to the study, supported with recent and relevant citations (2021–2026 preferred).
    • Identify and explain the research gap/s, highlighting why the present study is necessary and how it differs from prior works.
  • Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions The Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions must be clearly, explicitly, and logically stated.
    • The statement of the problem is a detailed explanation of the issue, gap, or challenge that the study seeks to address. It frames the context and justifies why the study is necessary, usually written in declarative form as a narrative or paragraph. Its purpose is to highlight the significance, scope, and urgency of the study, providing a broad and contextual background of the issue at hand. For example, a study may state: “Despite government programs, many senior citizens in rural areas experience delays in receiving social pensions, raising concerns about accessibility and efficiency.”
    • The research objectives represent the specific aims or intentions of the study, focusing on what the researcher seeks to accomplish. These are written in infinitive form such as “To determine…” or “To examine…,” ensuring that the targets are clear, measurable, and achievable. Unlike the broad statement of the problem, objectives are narrower and centered on actionable outcomes. For instance, a general objective could be “To assess the implementation of the Social Pension Program in Balbalan, Kalinga.” This may be broken down into specific objectives, such as: (1) To determine the accessibility of the program, (2) To examine its impact on beneficiaries, and (3) To identify challenges faced in its implementation.
    • The research questions are the interrogative form of the objectives, expressed as direct questions the study seeks to answer. They are usually written in formats such as “What is…?” or “How does…?” and serve the purpose of guiding data collection and analysis by pointing to specific inquiries. Research questions are even more specific than objectives, as they operationalize the study’s goals into answerable items. Using the same example, the research questions could include: RQ1: How accessible is the Social Pension Program to senior citizens in Balbalan? RQ2: What impact does the program have on the beneficiaries’ quality of life? RQ3: What challenges hinder the effective implementation of the program?
  • Review of Related Literature and Studies
    • Avoid outdated sources (1–2 decades old) for dynamic or evolving concepts.
    • Do not use sources with “no date (n.d.).”
    • Ensure citations are aligned with the arguments and logically linked to the study.
    • There must be a clear synthesis at the end of the RRLS that captures key insights, connects the reviewed works, and justifies the need for the present study.
  • Theoretical and/or Conceptual Framework
  • Research Methodology (Research Design, Population and Sampling, Instrument, Data Collection, Treatment of Data, Ethics in Research)
    • Research Design: Describe what design was used, how it was applied, and why it was the most suited.
    • Population and Sampling and Other Source/s of Data: Provide the exact number of participants/respondents, how and why they were selected. If you used other source/s of data (documents, policies, other contents), describe each document, how each was accessed, and why each is needed in the study. 
    • Instrument/s: State whether the instrument was adopted or researcher-made. Describe its validation process, including the qualifications of validators.
    • Data Collection: Focus on how, when, and where the data was collected. Do not include ethics approval here.
    • Treatment of Data: Clearly describe the methods of data analysis or statistical treatment. For qualitative analysis, avoid generic discussions (e.g., what thematic analysis is according to authors). Instead, show how the method was applied in your study.
    • Ethical Considerations: Include ethical approval, informed consent, and permissions here, not in other subsections.
    • Avoid “chop-suey” writing (mixing unrelated topics).
    • If the study used a mixed-method approach, discuss both parts separately (quantitative and qualitative)—design, participants, instruments, data collection, treatment of data, ethical considerations—and explain how the two sets of data were integrated.
    • Use plural (“researchers”) consistently if the paper has co-authors.
  • Results and Discussion
    • Present results clearly, logically, and aligned with the research questions.
    • Support findings with relevant and recent literature.
    • Integrate discussion immediately after each result to enhance coherence.
  • Conclusions and Recommendations

The paper should demonstrate importance to the academic community or to research in general. It must offer a material contribution to its discipline and present novel or unique ideas that may be useful to the community. Clearly show the research gap, why there was a need to investigate the present study, and how it is different from previous works.

The manuscript must adhere to the rules of grammar and language usage, whether in English or Filipino.

The introduction must:

This section must include sufficient, relevant, and up-to-date references to support the rationale and conduct of the research.

An appropriate theoretical and/or conceptual framework must be presented to anchor the study.

The methodology section should be well-structured, detailed, and properly organized. Each subsection should only contain content appropriate to it:

Important Reminders:

  • Conclusions must be logically drawn from the study’s findings.
  • Recommendations should be specific, actionable, and relevant to the results. Avoid generic statements.
  • References (APA 7th Edition)

References must strictly adhere to APA 7th edition. Authors must review their entire manuscript carefully:

  • Ensure proper formatting (e.g., italicizing journal names, use of “&” vs. “and,” correct application of et al., punctuation, spacing, quotation marks).
  • All in-text citations must appear in the References list and vice versa. No mismatches allowed.
  • Avoid old references; prioritize recent ones.
  • If a citation was included but missing in the References, update it properly (do not erase it without explanation). Similarly, remove unused entries from the References list.
  • The paper will not be published if even one citation/reference entry is non-compliant.

APA 7th requires:

·      All sources listed in the References Section must match 100% with the actual sources used in the entire manuscript, and all sources cited in the entire manuscript are reflected in the list of sources in the References section. 

  • Author/s should provide a link to every research article or literature/document, where we can find the journal or document, or best, where we can find the specific research article/document. Must provide the DOI for it, or URL if the journal is not yet DOI accredited, or link to the document. 

·       Arranged alphabetically regardless of classifications (Do not categorize or classify if books, or journals, or other documents. Just arrange alphabetically all sources)

·       Used hanging indent. 

·       Author(s) last name, initials.

·       Year of publication in parentheses.

·       Title of article in sentence case (only first word, proper nouns, and first word after a colon capitalized).

·       Journal titles in italics and title case.

·       Volume numbers italicized; issue numbers in parentheses (not italicized).

·       Page ranges given without extra words.

·       DOI formatted as URL (https://doi.org/...).

·       Retrieval statements are used sparingly (only when content is likely to change).

·       For secondary sources, only the work actually consulted (the secondary source) is included in the References list; the original source cited indirectly (e.g., “as cited in”) must not be listed unless it was directly read by the author.

 

  • Acronyms and Abbreviations

Always define acronyms upon first mention in the manuscript. Do not assume that readers will automatically know them.

 

Authors are also required to submit a duly signed Authorship and Contribution Declaration Form, which can be accessed via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...

 

Review Process

 

Upon receipt, authors receive an acknowledgment email.

 

Manuscripts not following the journal template will be returned. Compliant manuscripts undergo:

  1. Initial screening by the Associate Editor
  2. Plagiarism check
  3. Double-blind peer review by two subject-expert reviewers

 

Review decisions may be:

  • Publish unaltered
  • Accept after minor revisions
  • Accept after major revisions
  • Reject

 

In cases of split reviewer decisions, a third reviewer will be assigned. Authors are given two weeks for revisions. Final decisions are made by the Editor-in-Chief.

 

Publication Policies and Ethics

 

Changes to Authorship

Authors retain copyright under a licensed agreement and may archive:

  • Pre-print
  • Post-print
  • Publisher’s PDF

 

Conflict of Interest

All authors must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest.

 

Article Retraction

Retractions may occur due to ethical violations such as plagiarism, duplicate submission, or data fabrication. Retraction fee: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Withdrawal

Withdrawal after completion of review and editorial processing incurs a fee of: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Removal

Articles may be removed only under legal or safety circumstances.

 

Additional Information

  • Call for Research Articles: Rolling basis
  • Application for Peer Reviewers and Language Editors: Open
  • Publication Charges and Discounts: Available for ETCOR Research Consultants and External Reviewers
  • Indexing and Archiving: International databases and institutional repositories
  • Editorial Board: International and multidisciplinary

 

Editor’s Note

International Journal of Clinical, Nursing, and Population Health Sciences (INCLINPHS)

 

The maiden issue of INCLINPHS marks ETCOR’s commitment to advancing nursing science alongside clinical and population health research. Nursing remains central to patient care, community health, and healthcare systems worldwide.

As healthcare challenges grow increasingly complex, the integration of nursing research, clinical evidence, and public health perspectives becomes essential. INCLINPHS provides a scholarly platform that values nurses not only as care providers but as researchers, leaders, and policy influencers.

This journal bridges bedside care, community health, and population-level outcomes, highlighting the indispensable role of nursing in improving health equity, quality, and safety.

As a peer-reviewed international journal, INCLIPS upholds the highest standards of scientific integrity through a double-blind review process, strict adherence to research ethics, and commitment to methodological rigor. Each article published undergoes careful evaluation to ensure its relevance, validity, and contribution to health sciences knowledge. 

The journal seeks to strengthen the link between research and practice. Clinical and public health research attains its greatest value when it informs patient care, community health strategies, and policy decisions. INCLIPS therefore encourages submissions with clear implications for practice and health system improvement.

This maiden issue represents the collaborative efforts of authors, reviewers, editors, and technical experts who share a dedication to scholarly excellence and ethical research conduct. Their contributions have enabled the journal to meet international publishing standards while remaining responsive to diverse health contexts. 

INCLIPS is positioned as a global journal that welcomes contributions from researchers across different regions and healthcare systems. By fostering comparative and cross-national perspectives, the journal enriches understanding of health challenges and solutions in varied settings. 

The journal is also committed to supporting early-career clinicians, public health professionals, and emerging researchers. INCLIPS aims to provide a supportive yet rigorous platform where new voices can contribute meaningfully to global health discourse. 

As we launch this first issue, we reaffirm our commitment to ethical publishing, transparency, and continuous improvement. INCLIPS will continue to evolve alongside advances in medicine, public health, and research methodologies. 

On behalf of the Editorial Board, we extend our sincere gratitude to all who contributed to this maiden issue. We invite clinicians, public health researchers, and healthcare scholars worldwide to join us in shaping future issues of INCLIPS as we collectively advance health, equity, and evidence-based practice. 

 

Dr. Christian V. Villan, Editor-in-Chief International Journal of Clinical, Nursing, and Population Health Sciences (INCLINPHS)

 

Editorial Board

Editor-in-Chief

  • Dr. Christian V. Villan, Student Internship Program (SIP) Coordinator, Department of Nursing, Mindanao State University, Naawan – College of Environment and Life Sciences

Associate Editors

·      Dr. Allan M. Manaloto – Clinical Nursing and Nursing Practice

·      Dr. Liza M. Hernandez, RN, PhD – Clinical Nursing and Nursing Practice

·      Dr. Samuel T. Okoro, PhD – Epidemiology and Population Health

·      Dr. Fatima N. Al-Hassan, DrPH – Community and Public Health Nursing

·      Dr. James K. Holloway, MD – Health Systems and Policy

 

Managing Editor

 Ms. Regina P. Dela Cruz, RN, MPH

 

Section Editors

 Dr. Maria C. Bautista, RN, PhD – Maternal, Child, and Family Nursing • Dr. Andrew J. Collins, PhD – Biostatistics and Health Research Methods • Dr. Priya R. Menon, PhD, RN – Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

 

Pool of Peer Reviewers

• Dr. Michael A. O’Connor – Clinical Epidemiology, Ireland • Dr. Katrina L. Bautista – Nursing Practice and Primary Healthcare, Philippines • Dr. Hiroshi Tanaka – Clinical Research, Japan  Dr. Olivia M. Brooks – Community Health Nursing, United States • Dr. Carlos J. Fernandez – Health Systems Research, Spain • Dr. Mei-Ling Wu – Occupational and Environmental Health, Taiwan • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Population Health, Nigeria

International Journal of Sports, Health, Fitness, and Movement Studies (IJSHEFMS)

International Journal of Sports, Health, Fitness, and Movement Studies (IJSHEFMS)

 

Print ISSN: 3116-3882

Electronic ISSN: 3116-3890

 

About the Journal

 

The International Journal of Sports, Health, Fitness, and Movement Studies (IJSHEFMS) is a scholarly, open-access, quarterly, peer-reviewed, international print and online research journal dedicated to the advancement of knowledge in sports science, physical education, health and fitness, movement studies, dance, exercise science, and human performance. IJSHEFMS serves as a global platform for sports scientists, physical education teachers, coaches, fitness professionals, dance scholars, health practitioners, therapists, and interdisciplinary researchers to disseminate high-quality empirical, theoretical, and practice-based research that promotes physical literacy, healthy lifestyles, movement education, and holistic human development. The journal is committed to maintaining rigorous scholarly standards, ethical research practices, and global visibility through international indexing, Crossref DOI registration, and print and electronic ISSN accreditation.

 

Facebook Page: https://web.facebook.com/profi...

Submit Study: https://tinyurl.com/IJSHEFMS 

Templates: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...       

 

Aims and Scope

 

Aims

IJSHEFMS aims to:

  1. Promote high-quality research in sports, health, fitness, and movement sciences
  2. Advance understanding of physical activity, exercise, and human movement across the lifespan
  3. Support evidence-based physical education, coaching, and dance pedagogy
  4. Encourage interdisciplinary research linking sports, health, education, culture, and science
  5. Contribute to global efforts promoting wellness, physical literacy, and active living

 

Scope

The journal welcomes original research articles, systematic reviews, conceptual papers, case studies, and practice-based research in, but not limited to, the following areas:

  • Sports science and human performance
  • Physical education and sports pedagogy
  • Coaching science and athlete development
  • Health, fitness, and wellness studies
  • Exercise physiology and biomechanics
  • Sports psychology and motivation
  • Dance education, movement, and performance studies
  • Physical activity and public health
  • Adapted physical activity and inclusive sports
  • Rehabilitation, injury prevention, and movement therapy
  • Traditional, cultural, and indigenous movement practices

 

Publication Frequency and Format

  • Frequency: Quarterly (4 issues per year)
  • Formats: Print and Online
  • Review Type: Double-blind peer review
  • Identifiers:
    • Print ISSN 
    • Electronic ISSN 
    • Crossref DOI assigned to all published articles

 

Submission Guidelines

 

Author Guidelines / Instructions to Authors

 

Manuscripts are received with the understanding that they contain original scholarly work that has not been previously published nor is under consideration for publication elsewhere.

 

Authors must submit manuscripts through https://tinyurl.com/IJSHEFMS

 

For manuscripts with two or more authors, the corresponding author must submit the manuscript on behalf of all co-authors.

 

For inquiries, authors may contact:

  • ETCOR Mobile: 0939-202-9035
  • Email: embracingthecultureofresearch@gmail.com

 

Funding Disclosure

All authors must disclose all funding sources or financial support, if any, related to the research.

 

With regard to research submitted for possible publication, authors must ensure that they follow the journal format, including the template, header, footer, font size and font style. Author/s must download and follow the sample manuscript found via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI... Kindly reduce the manuscript to 10-12 pages only, including the References. Kindly choose only the most salient parts of the paper

 

Additionally, kindly comply with the following:

 

  • Academic Significance, Contribution to Discipline or Community, Technical Novelty
  • English Usage (or Filipino, as may be applicable)
    • Use past tense consistently since the study is already completed.
    • Avoid first-person point of view (“I,” “we”); instead, maintain a third-person scientific tone.
    • Avoid contractions; spell out complete words to retain formality.
    • Provide English translations for words, terms, or items not understandable to international readers.
  • Abstract The abstract should follow the journal’s prescribed format and accurately reflect the study’s major components. Ensure that it correctly presents the aim, methodology, key findings or results, and conclusion in a concise and logical manner.
  • Introduction / Background of the Study
    • Present a clear rationale or background from the global to Philippine/local contexts.
    • Show the trends and issues related to the study, supported with recent and relevant citations (2021–2026 preferred).
    • Identify and explain the research gap/s, highlighting why the present study is necessary and how it differs from prior works.
  • Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions The Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions must be clearly, explicitly, and logically stated.
    • The statement of the problem is a detailed explanation of the issue, gap, or challenge that the study seeks to address. It frames the context and justifies why the study is necessary, usually written in declarative form as a narrative or paragraph. Its purpose is to highlight the significance, scope, and urgency of the study, providing a broad and contextual background of the issue at hand. For example, a study may state: “Despite government programs, many senior citizens in rural areas experience delays in receiving social pensions, raising concerns about accessibility and efficiency.”
    • The research objectives represent the specific aims or intentions of the study, focusing on what the researcher seeks to accomplish. These are written in infinitive form such as “To determine…” or “To examine…,” ensuring that the targets are clear, measurable, and achievable. Unlike the broad statement of the problem, objectives are narrower and centered on actionable outcomes. For instance, a general objective could be “To assess the implementation of the Social Pension Program in Balbalan, Kalinga.” This may be broken down into specific objectives, such as: (1) To determine the accessibility of the program, (2) To examine its impact on beneficiaries, and (3) To identify challenges faced in its implementation.
    • The research questions are the interrogative form of the objectives, expressed as direct questions the study seeks to answer. They are usually written in formats such as “What is…?” or “How does…?” and serve the purpose of guiding data collection and analysis by pointing to specific inquiries. Research questions are even more specific than objectives, as they operationalize the study’s goals into answerable items. Using the same example, the research questions could include: RQ1: How accessible is the Social Pension Program to senior citizens in Balbalan? RQ2: What impact does the program have on the beneficiaries’ quality of life? RQ3: What challenges hinder the effective implementation of the program?
  • Review of Related Literature and Studies
    • Avoid outdated sources (1–2 decades old) for dynamic or evolving concepts.
    • Do not use sources with “no date (n.d.).”
    • Ensure citations are aligned with the arguments and logically linked to the study.
    • There must be a clear synthesis at the end of the RRLS that captures key insights, connects the reviewed works, and justifies the need for the present study.
  • Theoretical and/or Conceptual Framework
  • Research Methodology (Research Design, Population and Sampling, Instrument, Data Collection, Treatment of Data, Ethics in Research)
    • Research Design: Describe what design was used, how it was applied, and why it was the most suited.
    • Population and Sampling and Other Source/s of Data: Provide the exact number of participants/respondents, how and why they were selected. If you used other source/s of data (documents, policies, other contents), describe each document, how each was accessed, and why each is needed in the study. 
    • Instrument/s: State whether the instrument was adopted or researcher-made. Describe its validation process, including the qualifications of validators.
    • Data Collection: Focus on how, when, and where the data was collected. Do not include ethics approval here.
    • Treatment of Data: Clearly describe the methods of data analysis or statistical treatment. For qualitative analysis, avoid generic discussions (e.g., what thematic analysis is according to authors). Instead, show how the method was applied in your study.
    • Ethical Considerations: Include ethical approval, informed consent, and permissions here, not in other subsections.
    • Avoid “chop-suey” writing (mixing unrelated topics).
    • If the study used a mixed-method approach, discuss both parts separately (quantitative and qualitative)—design, participants, instruments, data collection, treatment of data, ethical considerations—and explain how the two sets of data were integrated.
    • Use plural (“researchers”) consistently if the paper has co-authors.
  • Results and Discussion
    • Present results clearly, logically, and aligned with the research questions.
    • Support findings with relevant and recent literature.
    • Integrate discussion immediately after each result to enhance coherence.
  • Conclusions and Recommendations

The paper should demonstrate importance to the academic community or to research in general. It must offer a material contribution to its discipline and present novel or unique ideas that may be useful to the community. Clearly show the research gap, why there was a need to investigate the present study, and how it is different from previous works.

The manuscript must adhere to the rules of grammar and language usage, whether in English or Filipino.

The introduction must:

This section must include sufficient, relevant, and up-to-date references to support the rationale and conduct of the research.

An appropriate theoretical and/or conceptual framework must be presented to anchor the study.

The methodology section should be well-structured, detailed, and properly organized. Each subsection should only contain content appropriate to it:

Important Reminders:

  • Conclusions must be logically drawn from the study’s findings.
  • Recommendations should be specific, actionable, and relevant to the results. Avoid generic statements.
  • References (APA 7th Edition)

References must strictly adhere to APA 7th edition. Authors must review their entire manuscript carefully:

  • Ensure proper formatting (e.g., italicizing journal names, use of “&” vs. “and,” correct application of et al., punctuation, spacing, quotation marks).
  • All in-text citations must appear in the References list and vice versa. No mismatches allowed.
  • Avoid old references; prioritize recent ones.
  • If a citation was included but missing in the References, update it properly (do not erase it without explanation). Similarly, remove unused entries from the References list.
  • The paper will not be published if even one citation/reference entry is non-compliant.

APA 7th requires:

·      All sources listed in the References Section must match 100% with the actual sources used in the entire manuscript, and all sources cited in the entire manuscript are reflected in the list of sources in the References section. 

  • Author/s should provide a link to every research article or literature/document, where we can find the journal or document, or best, where we can find the specific research article/document. Must provide the DOI for it, or URL if the journal is not yet DOI accredited, or link to the document. 

·       Arranged alphabetically regardless of classifications (Do not categorize or classify if books, or journals, or other documents. Just arrange alphabetically all sources)

·       Used hanging indent. 

·       Author(s) last name, initials.

·       Year of publication in parentheses.

·       Title of article in sentence case (only first word, proper nouns, and first word after a colon capitalized).

·       Journal titles in italics and title case.

·       Volume numbers italicized; issue numbers in parentheses (not italicized).

·       Page ranges given without extra words.

·       DOI formatted as URL (https://doi.org/...).

·       Retrieval statements are used sparingly (only when content is likely to change).

·       For secondary sources, only the work actually consulted (the secondary source) is included in the References list; the original source cited indirectly (e.g., “as cited in”) must not be listed unless it was directly read by the author.

 

  • Acronyms and Abbreviations

Always define acronyms upon first mention in the manuscript. Do not assume that readers will automatically know them.

 

Authors are also required to submit a duly signed Authorship and Contribution Declaration Form, which can be accessed via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...

 

Review Process

 

Upon receipt, authors receive an acknowledgment email.

 

Manuscripts not following the journal template will be returned. Compliant manuscripts undergo:

  1. Initial screening by the Associate Editor
  2. Plagiarism check
  3. Double-blind peer review by two subject-expert reviewers

 

Review decisions may be:

  • Publish unaltered
  • Accept after minor revisions
  • Accept after major revisions
  • Reject

 

In cases of split reviewer decisions, a third reviewer will be assigned. Authors are given two weeks for revisions. Final decisions are made by the Editor-in-Chief.

 

Publication Policies and Ethics

 

Changes to Authorship

Authors retain copyright under a licensed agreement and may archive:

  • Pre-print
  • Post-print
  • Publisher’s PDF

 

Conflict of Interest

All authors must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest.

 

Article Retraction

Retractions may occur due to ethical violations such as plagiarism, duplicate submission, or data fabrication. Retraction fee: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Withdrawal

Withdrawal after completion of review and editorial processing incurs a fee of: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Removal

Articles may be removed only under legal or safety circumstances.

 

Additional Information

  • Call for Research Articles: Rolling basis
  • Application for Peer Reviewers and Language Editors: Open
  • Publication Charges and Discounts: Available for ETCOR Research Consultants and External Reviewers
  • Indexing and Archiving: International databases and institutional repositories
  • Editorial Board: International and multidisciplinary

 

Editor’s Note

International Journal of Sports, Health, Fitness, and Movement Studies (IJSHEFMS)

It is with great pride and enthusiasm that we present the maiden issue of the International Journal of Sports, Health, Fitness, and Movement Studies (IJSHEFMS). This inaugural publication reflects ETCOR’s commitment to advancing rigorous and interdisciplinary research on human movement and wellbeing.

Sports, health, fitness, and movement are central to human development and quality of life. As societies confront sedentary lifestyles, health inequities, and performance demands, evidence-based research in physical activity and movement becomes increasingly vital.

IJSHEFMS provides a scholarly platform for studies examining sports performance, physical education, fitness training, dance, and movement sciences. This maiden issue showcases the diversity of research addressing physical literacy, health promotion, and expressive movement.

As a peer-reviewed international journal, IJSHEFMS upholds the highest standards of academic integrity through a double-blind review process, strict adherence to publication ethics, and commitment to methodological rigor.

The journal seeks to bridge research and practice. Knowledge in sports and movement sciences achieves its fullest impact when it informs teaching, coaching, rehabilitation, and health promotion.

This maiden issue is the result of collaborative efforts among authors, reviewers, editors, and movement professionals who share a dedication to scholarly excellence and ethical practice.

IJSHEFMS is positioned as a global journal that values interdisciplinary, inclusive, and culturally responsive perspectives on movement and physical activity.

The journal is also committed to nurturing early-career researchers and practitioner-scholars in sports, dance, and health fields.

As we launch this first issue, we reaffirm our commitment to ethical publishing, participant safety, and continuous improvement.

On behalf of the Editorial Board, we invite researchers, educators, coaches, and practitioners worldwide to join us in advancing sports, health, fitness, and movement scholarship.

 

Dr. Stephen Ayoade Fadare, Editor-in-Chief International Journal of Sports, Health, Fitness, and Movement Studies (IJSHEFMS)


Editorial Board

 

Editor-in-Chief

Dr. Stephen Ayoade Fadare, Assistant Professor, Mindanao State University – College of Sports, Physical Education, and Recreation

 

Associate Editors

  • Dr. Helena T. Morris – Exercise Physiology and Fitness
  • Dr. Wei Zhang – Biomechanics and Human Movement
  • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Sports Psychology and Coaching
  • Dr. Priya R. Menon – Dance and Movement Studies

Managing Editor

  • Ms. Clarissa R. Mendoza, MSc Sports Science

Section Editors

  • Dr. Andrew J. Collins – Physical Education and Pedagogy
  • Dr. Sofia L. Romano – Health, Wellness, and Rehabilitation
  • Dr. Daniel K. Nguyen – Adapted Physical Activity and Inclusive Sports

 

Journal Staff

  • Editorial Assistant: Mr. Joshua L. Navarro
  • Copy Editor: Ms. Regina L. Bautista, MA English
  • Language Editor: Dr. Margaret E. Collins
  • Layout and Production Editor: Mr. Vincent A. Navarro
  • Plagiarism and Ethics Officer: Dr. Noel B. Ramirez
  • Technical and Web Support: ETCOR Publications Unit

 

Pool of Peer Reviewers

(International and Multidisciplinary)

  • Dr. Hiroshi Tanaka – Exercise Science, Japan
  • Dr. Maria L. Gonzales – Physical Education, Philippines
  • Dr. Andrew P. Collins – Sports Coaching and Performance, Australia
  • Dr. Aisha R. El-Sayed – Sports Rehabilitation, Egypt
  • Dr. Thomas A. Keller – Biomechanics, Germany
  • Dr. Priya S. Nair – Dance Education, India
  • Dr. Carlos J. Fernandez – Fitness and Wellness Studies, Spain
  • Dr. Mei-Ling Wu – Movement Analysis, Taiwan
  • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Sports Psychology, Nigeria
  • Dr. Olivia M. Brooks – Public Health and Physical Activity, United States

International Journal of Security, Defense, Criminal Justice, Law Enforcement, and Corrections (IJSDCJLEC)

International Journal of Security, Defense, Criminal Justice, Law Enforcement, and Corrections (IJSDCJLEC)

 

Print ISSN: 3116-3904

Electronic ISSN: 3116-3912

 

About the Journal

 

The International Journal of Security, Defense, Criminal Justice, Law Enforcement, and Corrections (IJSDCJLEC) is a scholarly, open-access,  quarterly, peer-reviewed, international print and online research journal dedicated to the advancement of knowledge in security studies, defense and strategic studies, criminal justice, policing, corrections, and justice system governance. The journal responds to the growing need for rigorous, ethical, and interdisciplinary research addressing complex challenges related to crime, public safety, national security, justice administration, and correctional systems in both national and global contexts. IJSDCJLEC serves as a global platform for security analysts, defense researchers, criminologists, law enforcement professionals, corrections administrators, legal scholars, policymakers, and interdisciplinary researchers to disseminate high-quality empirical, theoretical, and policy-oriented research that informs crime prevention, justice reform, institutional accountability, and public safety governance. The journal is committed to maintaining rigorous scholarly standards, ethical research practices, and global visibility through international indexing, Crossref DOI registration, and print and electronic ISSN accreditation.

 

Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/profi...

Submit Study: https://tinyurl.com/IJSDCJLEC  

Templates: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...    

 

Aims and Scope

 

Aims

IJSDCJLEC aims to:

  1. Promote high-quality research in security, defense, criminal justice, law enforcement, and corrections
  2. Advance theoretical and empirical understanding of crime, security, and justice systems
  3. Encourage interdisciplinary and comparative studies in public safety, defense, and justice administration
  4. Provide a venue for evidence-based, policy-relevant, and reform-oriented scholarship
  5. Support research that informs crime prevention, justice system reform, and institutional accountability

 

Scope

The journal welcomes original research articles, systematic reviews, policy analyses, comparative studies, and conceptual papers in, but not limited to, the following areas:

  • National, regional, and international security studies
  • Defense policy, military studies, and strategic analysis
  • Criminology and criminal justice systems
  • Law enforcement, policing strategies, and police administration
  • Criminal investigation, forensic studies, and intelligence analysis
  • Corrections, rehabilitation, and prison management
  • Community safety, crime prevention, and restorative justice
  • Counterterrorism, transnational crime, and organized crime
  • Cybercrime, digital security, and technological threats
  • Human rights, ethics, and accountability in security and justice institutions
  • Legal frameworks, criminal law, and justice policy
  • Peacekeeping, conflict resolution, and post-conflict justice

 

Publication Frequency and Format

  • Frequency: Quarterly (4 issues per year)
  • Formats: Print and Online
  • Review Type: Double-blind peer review
  • Identifiers:
    • Print ISSN 
    • Electronic ISSN 
    • Crossref DOI assigned to all published articles

 

Submission Guidelines

 

Author Guidelines / Instructions to Authors

 

Manuscripts are received with the understanding that they contain original scholarly work that has not been previously published nor is under consideration for publication elsewhere.

 

Authors must submit manuscripts through https://tinyurl.com/IJSDCJLEC  

 

For manuscripts with two or more authors, the corresponding author must submit the manuscript on behalf of all co-authors.

 

For inquiries, authors may contact:

  • ETCOR Mobile: 0939-202-9035
  • Email: embracingthecultureofresearch@gmail.com

 

Funding Disclosure

All authors must disclose all funding sources or financial support, if any, related to the research.

 

With regard to research submitted for possible publication, authors must ensure that they follow the journal format, including the template, header, footer, font size and font style. Author/s must download and follow the sample manuscript found via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI... Kindly reduce the manuscript to 10-12 pages only, including the References. Kindly choose only the most salient parts of the paper

 

Additionally, kindly comply with the following:

 

  • Academic Significance, Contribution to Discipline or Community, Technical Novelty
  • English Usage (or Filipino, as may be applicable)
    • Use past tense consistently since the study is already completed.
    • Avoid first-person point of view (“I,” “we”); instead, maintain a third-person scientific tone.
    • Avoid contractions; spell out complete words to retain formality.
    • Provide English translations for words, terms, or items not understandable to international readers.
  • Abstract The abstract should follow the journal’s prescribed format and accurately reflect the study’s major components. Ensure that it correctly presents the aim, methodology, key findings or results, and conclusion in a concise and logical manner.
  • Introduction / Background of the Study
    • Present a clear rationale or background from the global to Philippine/local contexts.
    • Show the trends and issues related to the study, supported with recent and relevant citations (2021–2026 preferred).
    • Identify and explain the research gap/s, highlighting why the present study is necessary and how it differs from prior works.
  • Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions The Statement of the Problem, Research Objectives and Research Questions must be clearly, explicitly, and logically stated.
    • The statement of the problem is a detailed explanation of the issue, gap, or challenge that the study seeks to address. It frames the context and justifies why the study is necessary, usually written in declarative form as a narrative or paragraph. Its purpose is to highlight the significance, scope, and urgency of the study, providing a broad and contextual background of the issue at hand. For example, a study may state: “Despite government programs, many senior citizens in rural areas experience delays in receiving social pensions, raising concerns about accessibility and efficiency.”
    • The research objectives represent the specific aims or intentions of the study, focusing on what the researcher seeks to accomplish. These are written in infinitive form such as “To determine…” or “To examine…,” ensuring that the targets are clear, measurable, and achievable. Unlike the broad statement of the problem, objectives are narrower and centered on actionable outcomes. For instance, a general objective could be “To assess the implementation of the Social Pension Program in Balbalan, Kalinga.” This may be broken down into specific objectives, such as: (1) To determine the accessibility of the program, (2) To examine its impact on beneficiaries, and (3) To identify challenges faced in its implementation.
    • The research questions are the interrogative form of the objectives, expressed as direct questions the study seeks to answer. They are usually written in formats such as “What is…?” or “How does…?” and serve the purpose of guiding data collection and analysis by pointing to specific inquiries. Research questions are even more specific than objectives, as they operationalize the study’s goals into answerable items. Using the same example, the research questions could include: RQ1: How accessible is the Social Pension Program to senior citizens in Balbalan? RQ2: What impact does the program have on the beneficiaries’ quality of life? RQ3: What challenges hinder the effective implementation of the program?
  • Review of Related Literature and Studies
    • Avoid outdated sources (1–2 decades old) for dynamic or evolving concepts.
    • Do not use sources with “no date (n.d.).”
    • Ensure citations are aligned with the arguments and logically linked to the study.
    • There must be a clear synthesis at the end of the RRLS that captures key insights, connects the reviewed works, and justifies the need for the present study.
  • Theoretical and/or Conceptual Framework
  • Research Methodology (Research Design, Population and Sampling, Instrument, Data Collection, Treatment of Data, Ethics in Research)
    • Research Design: Describe what design was used, how it was applied, and why it was the most suited.
    • Population and Sampling and Other Source/s of Data: Provide the exact number of participants/respondents, how and why they were selected. If you used other source/s of data (documents, policies, other contents), describe each document, how each was accessed, and why each is needed in the study. 
    • Instrument/s: State whether the instrument was adopted or researcher-made. Describe its validation process, including the qualifications of validators.
    • Data Collection: Focus on how, when, and where the data was collected. Do not include ethics approval here.
    • Treatment of Data: Clearly describe the methods of data analysis or statistical treatment. For qualitative analysis, avoid generic discussions (e.g., what thematic analysis is according to authors). Instead, show how the method was applied in your study.
    • Ethical Considerations: Include ethical approval, informed consent, and permissions here, not in other subsections.
    • Avoid “chop-suey” writing (mixing unrelated topics).
    • If the study used a mixed-method approach, discuss both parts separately (quantitative and qualitative)—design, participants, instruments, data collection, treatment of data, ethical considerations—and explain how the two sets of data were integrated.
    • Use plural (“researchers”) consistently if the paper has co-authors.
  • Results and Discussion
    • Present results clearly, logically, and aligned with the research questions.
    • Support findings with relevant and recent literature.
    • Integrate discussion immediately after each result to enhance coherence.
  • Conclusions and Recommendations

The paper should demonstrate importance to the academic community or to research in general. It must offer a material contribution to its discipline and present novel or unique ideas that may be useful to the community. Clearly show the research gap, why there was a need to investigate the present study, and how it is different from previous works.

The manuscript must adhere to the rules of grammar and language usage, whether in English or Filipino.

The introduction must:

This section must include sufficient, relevant, and up-to-date references to support the rationale and conduct of the research.

An appropriate theoretical and/or conceptual framework must be presented to anchor the study.

The methodology section should be well-structured, detailed, and properly organized. Each subsection should only contain content appropriate to it:

Important Reminders:

  • Conclusions must be logically drawn from the study’s findings.
  • Recommendations should be specific, actionable, and relevant to the results. Avoid generic statements.
  • References (APA 7th Edition)

References must strictly adhere to APA 7th edition. Authors must review their entire manuscript carefully:

  • Ensure proper formatting (e.g., italicizing journal names, use of “&” vs. “and,” correct application of et al., punctuation, spacing, quotation marks).
  • All in-text citations must appear in the References list and vice versa. No mismatches allowed.
  • Avoid old references; prioritize recent ones.
  • If a citation was included but missing in the References, update it properly (do not erase it without explanation). Similarly, remove unused entries from the References list.
  • The paper will not be published if even one citation/reference entry is non-compliant.

APA 7th requires:

·      All sources listed in the References Section must match 100% with the actual sources used in the entire manuscript, and all sources cited in the entire manuscript are reflected in the list of sources in the References section. 

  • Author/s should provide a link to every research article or literature/document, where we can find the journal or document, or best, where we can find the specific research article/document. Must provide the DOI for it, or URL if the journal is not yet DOI accredited, or link to the document. 

·       Arranged alphabetically regardless of classifications (Do not categorize or classify if books, or journals, or other documents. Just arrange alphabetically all sources)

·       Used hanging indent. 

·       Author(s) last name, initials.

·       Year of publication in parentheses.

·       Title of article in sentence case (only first word, proper nouns, and first word after a colon capitalized).

·       Journal titles in italics and title case.

·       Volume numbers italicized; issue numbers in parentheses (not italicized).

·       Page ranges given without extra words.

·       DOI formatted as URL (https://doi.org/...).

·       Retrieval statements are used sparingly (only when content is likely to change).

·       For secondary sources, only the work actually consulted (the secondary source) is included in the References list; the original source cited indirectly (e.g., “as cited in”) must not be listed unless it was directly read by the author.

 

  • Acronyms and Abbreviations

Always define acronyms upon first mention in the manuscript. Do not assume that readers will automatically know them.

 

Authors are also required to submit a duly signed Authorship and Contribution Declaration Form, which can be accessed via this link: https://tinyurl.com/TemplatesI...    

 

Review Process

 

Upon receipt, authors receive an acknowledgment email.

 

Manuscripts not following the journal template will be returned. Compliant manuscripts undergo:

  1. Initial screening by the Associate Editor
  2. Plagiarism check
  3. Double-blind peer review by two subject-expert reviewers

 

Review decisions may be:

  • Publish unaltered
  • Accept after minor revisions
  • Accept after major revisions
  • Reject

 

In cases of split reviewer decisions, a third reviewer will be assigned. Authors are given two weeks for revisions. Final decisions are made by the Editor-in-Chief.

 

Publication Policies and Ethics

 

Changes to Authorship

Authors retain copyright under a licensed agreement and may archive:

  • Pre-print
  • Post-print
  • Publisher’s PDF

 

Conflict of Interest

All authors must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest.

 

Article Retraction

Retractions may occur due to ethical violations such as plagiarism, duplicate submission, or data fabrication. Retraction fee: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Withdrawal

Withdrawal after completion of review and editorial processing incurs a fee of: PHP 6,000 (USD 120)

 

Article Removal

Articles may be removed only under legal or safety circumstances.

 

Additional Information

  • Call for Research Articles: Rolling basis
  • Application for Peer Reviewers and Language Editors: Open
  • Publication Charges and Discounts: Available for ETCOR Research Consultants and External Reviewers
  • Indexing and Archiving: International databases and institutional repositories
  • Editorial Board: International and multidisciplinary

 

Editor’s Note

International Journal of Security, Defense, Criminal Justice, Law Enforcement, and Corrections (IJSDCJLEC)

 

The maiden issue of IJSDCJLEC marks ETCOR’s commitment to advancing rigorous, ethical, and policy-relevant research in security, defense, and justice studies. In an era marked by evolving security threats, complex criminal behavior, and justice system challenges, scholarly research plays a critical role in informing evidence-based decision-making.

Security and justice institutions operate at the intersection of public safety, human rights, and governance. This journal provides a platform for research that critically examines these intersections while promoting accountability, professionalism, and reform.

IJSDCJLEC bridges theory and practice by welcoming contributions from scholars and practitioners engaged in policing, defense, corrections, and justice administration. Through interdisciplinary and comparative perspectives, the journal seeks to enhance understanding of crime, security, and institutional responses across diverse contexts.

As a peer-reviewed international journal, IJSDCJLEC upholds the highest standards of academic integrity, methodological rigor, and ethical research conduct.

On behalf of the Editorial Board, we invite researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and security professionals worldwide to contribute to future issues as we collectively advance knowledge, justice, and public safety.

 

Dr. Paolo T. Lumanlan, Editor-in-Chief International Journal of Security, Defense, Criminal Justice, Law Enforcement, and Corrections (IJSDCJLEC)

 

Editor-in-Chief

Dr. Paolo T. Lumanlan, Associate Professor V, Lyceum of Capas

 

Associate Editors

  • Dr. Helena T. Morris – Criminal Justice Systems and Criminology
  • Dr. Wei Zhang – Security Studies and Strategic Analysis
  • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Policing, Law Enforcement, and Public Safety
  • Dr. Priya R. Menon – Corrections, Rehabilitation, and Justice Policy

 

Managing Editor

  • Ms. Clarissa R. Mendoza

 

Section Editors

  • Dr. Andrew J. Collins – Defense Studies and Military Strategy
  • Dr. Sofia L. Romano – Criminal Investigation, Forensics, and Intelligence
  • Dr. Daniel K. Nguyen – Corrections Management, Rehabilitation, and Penology

 

Journal Staff

  • Editorial Assistant: Mr. Joshua L. Navarro
  • Copy Editor: Ms. Regina L. Bautista, MA English
  • Language Editor: Dr. Margaret E. Collins
  • Layout and Production Editor: Mr. Vincent A. Navarro
  • Plagiarism and Ethics Officer: Dr. Noel B. Ramirez
  • Technical and Web Support: ETCOR Publications Unit

 

Pool of Peer Reviewers

(International and Multidisciplinary)

  • Dr. Hiroshi Tanaka – Security and Defense Studies, Japan
  • Dr. Maria L. Gonzales – Criminal Justice and Policing, Philippines
  • Dr. Andrew P. Collins – Defense Policy and Strategic Studies, Australia
  • Dr. Aisha R. El-Sayed – Criminology and Law Enforcement, Egypt
  • Dr. Thomas A. Keller – Comparative Criminal Justice Systems, Germany
  • Dr. Priya S. Nair – Corrections and Rehabilitation Studies, India
  • Dr. Carlos J. Fernandez – Law Enforcement Administration, Spain
  • Dr. Mei-Ling Wu – Security Governance and Risk Management, Taiwan
  • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Policing and Community Safety, Nigeria
  • Dr. Olivia M. Brooks – Justice Policy and Institutional Reform, United States

International Journal of Open-access, Interdisciplinary & New Educational Discoveries of ETCOR Educational Research Center (iJOINED ETCOR)

International Journal of Open-access, Interdisciplinary & New Educational Discoveries of ETCOR Educational Research Center (iJOINED ETCOR)

 

Print ISSN: 2984-7567 Electronic ISSN: 2945-3577

 

About the Journal

 

iJOINED ETCOR is the first and pioneering academic journal of ETCOR, now publishing Volume V, Issue 1. It represents the foundation of ETCOR’s mission to build a strong global research culture rooted in collaboration, interdisciplinary scholarship, and educational innovation.

 

Formally known as the International Journal of Open-access, Interdisciplinary & New Educational Discoveries of ETCOR, the journal serves as a trusted international platform for credible, high-quality, and globally visible research. It publishes scholarly works integrating knowledge across disciplines, with strong emphasis on education, innovation, community development, and applied research for societal impact.

 

The journal upholds rigorous peer-review standards, ethical publication practices, and international visibility through recognized indexing systems and DOI registration.

 

Why Publish in iJOINED ETCOR?

 

Internationally Indexed – ETCOR journals are indexed in Google Scholar, CrossRef DOI, EuroPub (UK), and other databases for global visibility.

 

CrossRef-Indexed with DOI – Every article receives a DOI for reliable citation, discoverability, and academic credibility.

 

Rigorous Double-Blind Peer Review – Ensures objectivity, fairness, and scholarly integrity.

 

Expert Multidisciplinary Reviewers – Evaluations are conducted by experienced scholars across various disciplines.

 

Registered ISSNs (Print & Electronic) – Strengthens legitimacy and international recognition.

 

Open Access, Global Reach – Research becomes accessible to educators, researchers, policymakers, and institutions worldwide.

 

Trusted by Scholars – A growing community of authors, reviewers, and editors committed to research excellence.

 

Aims and Scope

 

Aims

  1. Promote high-quality interdisciplinary research
  2. Advance educational innovation and new discoveries
  3. Encourage collaboration among researchers and professionals
  4. Support research contributing to institutional and community development
  5. Provide a global platform for impactful scholarship

 

Scope

The journal welcomes research in:

• Education and learning innovations • Curriculum and instructional leadership • Community and social development • Educational technology and digital learning • Health and human development • Environmental and sustainability studies • Entrepreneurship and livelihood research • Humanities and social sciences • Gender and inclusion studies • Public policy and governance • Interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral research

 

Publication Frequency and Format

• Quarterly publication (4 issues per year) • Open-access online journal • Double-blind peer review • CrossRef DOI assigned to each article

 

Submission Information

👉 Submit manuscripts via: https://tinyurl.com/iJOINEDetcor 📞 0939 202 9035 🌐 https://www.facebook.com/EmbracingTheCultureOfResearch/

 

Editorial Board

Editor-in-Chief

Dr. Adrian Lawrence P. Carvajal, CSEE, CPME, CLSSYB, Director II, Student Incentives Support Office, Teacher Education Council (TEC), Department of Education

 

Associate Editors

·      Dr. Julie S. Berame, Professor, – Educational Leadership and Curriculum Studies

·      Dr. Maria Victoria V. Tiquis – Educational Leadership and Curriculum Studies

·      Dr. Rissa Lintao-Mercado – Student Affairs and Higher Education Development

·      Dr. Reynold A. Campo – Research Policy, Governance, and Institutional Development

  • Dr. Sharima R. Morales – Educational Management and Leadership

 

Managing Editor

• Ms. Clarissa R. Mendoza

 

Section Editors

• Dr. Helena T. Morris – Social Sciences and Community Development • Dr. Wei Zhang – Educational Technology and Innovation • Dr. Priya R. Menon – Human Development and Wellness • Dr. Samuel K. Adeyemi – Public Policy and Governance

 

Journal Staff

• Editorial Assistant: Mr. Joshua L. Navarro • Copy Editor: Ms. Regina L. Bautista, MA English • Language Editor: Dr. Margaret E. Collins • Layout and Production Editor: Mr. Vincent A. Navarro • Plagiarism and Ethics Officer: Dr. Noel B. Ramirez • Technical and Web Support: ETCOR Publications Unit

 

Pool of Peer Reviewers

(International and Multidisciplinary)

• Dr. Hiroshi Tanaka – Education Policy and Leadership, Japan • Dr. Maria L. Gonzales – Community Development and Social Research, Philippines • Dr. Andrew P. Collins – Educational Innovation and Technology, Australia • Dr. Aisha R. El-Sayed – Social Sciences and Development Studies, Egypt • Dr. Thomas A. Keller – Comparative Education and Policy, Germany • Dr. Priya S. Nair – Human Development and Gender Studies, India • Dr. Carlos J. Fernandez – Public Administration and Governance, Spain • Dr. Mei-Ling Wu – Educational Research and Assessment, Taiwan • Dr. Olivia M. Brooks – Institutional Research and Higher Education, United States

 

Call for Papers

Be part of a globally connected research community that values quality, visibility, and integrity.

 

ETCOR – Embracing the Culture of Research Where your research is reviewed with rigor and recognized globally.

 

Editorial Board

Dr. Richard D. Sanchez

Graduate School Research Professor, John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University (Arevalo), Inc., Iloilo City, Philippines

Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Education, Learning, and Pedagogical Sciences (INJELPS)

Dr. Allan A. Calderon

Research Faculty Coordinator, Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP) College of Accountancy and Finance

Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Accountancy, Business, and Management Studies (IJABMS)

Engr. Luisito Lolong Lacatan

Associate Professor V, Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP)

Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Engineering, Industrial, Maritime, and Technological Innovation (INJENI)

Dr. Shielilo R. Amihan

Dean for Faculty and Academic Affairs, PHINMA Rizal College of Laguna

Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Social Science Research and Policy Studies (INSORPS)

Dr. Angelyn C. Dy Tioco

Program Head and Research Lead, College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management, La Consolacion University Philippines

Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Tourism, Hospitality, and Sustainable Development (IJTHSD)

Dr. Christian V. Villan

Student Internship Program (SIP) Coordinator, Department of Nursing, Mindanao State University, Naawan – College of Environment and Life Sciences

Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Clinical, Nursing, and Population Health Sciences (INCLINPHS)

Dr. Stephen Ayoade Fadare

Assistant Professor, Mindanao State University – College of Sports, Physical Education, and Recreation

Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Sports, Health, Fitness, and Movement Studies (IJSHEFMS)

Dr. Paolo T. Lumanlan

Associate Professor V, Lyceum of Capas

Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Security, Defense, Criminal Justice, Law Enforcement, and Corrections (IJSDCJLEC)

Dr. Adrian Lawrence P. Carvajal, CSEE, CPME, CLSSYB

Director II, Student Incentives Support Office, Teacher Education Council (TEC), Department of Education

Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Open-access, Interdisciplinary and New Educational Discoveries of ETCOR Educational Research Center (iJOINED ETCOR)

Dr. Julie S. Berame

iJOINED Associate Editor

Professor, Caraga State University, Butuan City, Philippines

Dr. Bahrullah Safi

iJOINED Associate Editor

Dean of the School of Business Studies, Acacia University, Arizona, United States of America

Adrian P. Tamayo, LPT, MAEd

iJOINED Language Editor - Editorial Staff

School Research Coordinator & Master Teacher I, DepEd Schools Division of Angeles City, Angeles City, Pampanga, Philippines

Ronald R. Cabigon

iJOINED Language Editor - Editorial Staff

Senior High School Teacher II (General Academics), Celestino De Guzman Stand-Alone Senior High School, Department of Education - Leyte Division, Philippines

Joy Ann R. Rodelas

iJOINED Language Editor - Editorial Staff

Teacher III, Suba National High School, Laguna, Philippines

Dr. Dominic Patric G. Galdonez

iJOINED Language Editor - Editorial Staff and Peer Reviewer

Special Science Teacher IV, Philippine Science High School-Ilocos Region Campus, Ilocos Sur, Philippines

Louie G. Giray, LPT, MC

iJOINED Language Editor - Editorial Staff and Peer Reviewer

Lecturer of Education and Communication Studies, Polytechnic University of the Philippines - Taguig Branch, Lower Bicutan, Taguig City, Philippines

Dr. Jennifer M. Oestar

iJOINED Language Editor - Editorial Staff and Peer Reviewer

Education Program Specialist II, Department of Education - Schools Division of Lucena City, Philippines

Dr. Rosanna D. Gonzales

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Associate Professor V, Pangasinan State University - Infanta Campus, Bamban Sur, Infanta, Pangasinan, Philippines

Dr. Ma. Cecilia G. Adefuin

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Master Teacher II, DepEd Schools Division of Laguna, Laguna, Philippines

Dr. Mikko Jan D. Lopez

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Senior High School Teacher II / Research Coordinator, Regional Science High School for Region VI, Old Buswang, Kalibo, Aklan, 5600, Philippines

Dr. Martin L. Nobis, Jr.

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Department Chair, University of Eastern Philippines Laoang Campus, Northern Samar, Philippines

Dr. Richard Ryan C. Villegas

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Cluster Coordinator - Nationalian, National University, Manila, Philippines

Dr. Michele A. Jaymalin-Dulay

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Assistant Professor IV & University Special Focal for UNIFAST, Ifugao State University, Ifugao, Philippines

Dr. Imelda M. Flores

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Faculty Researcher, Batangas State University, Batangas City, Philippines

Dr. Liza L. Quimson

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Campus Executive Director, Pangasinan State University Bayambang Campus, Bayambang, Pangasinan, Philippines

Marjorie S. Velasco, MPA

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Program Coordinator & Faculty of Graduate Studies, Core Gateway College Inc., San Jose City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines

Dr. Mariquit M. Obrero

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Professor III, University of Northern Philippines, Vigan City, Ilocos Sur, Philippines

Jahfet N. Nabayra

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Instructor I / Quality Assurance Chairperson, College of Teacher Education, Aklan State University, Banga, Aklan, Philippines

Dr. Jericho D. Ecija

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Master Teacher I, DepEd Schools Division of Estern Samar, Estern Samar, Philippines

Assoc. Prof. Lenis Aislinn C. Separa, MMBM, MAEd

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Associate Professor I & Faculty Researcher, Research Management Office, Polytechnic University of the Philippines Bataan Branch, Mariveles, Bataan, Philippines

Dr. Allan M. Manaloto

iJOINED, Peer Reviewer

Professor, La Consolacion University Philippines, City of Malolos, Bulacan / Teacher II, DepEd Schools Division of Bulacan, Bulacan, Philippines

Dr. Randel D. Estacio

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Associate Professor I, Quezon City University, Philippines

Dr. Nilda V. San Miguel

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

District Principal Research Coordinator, DepEd Lumban District, Schools Division of Laguna, Laguna, Philippines

Hazhar Talaat Abubaker Blbas

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Lecturer, Department of Statistics, University of Salahaddin

Dr. Phillip G. Queroda

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Director for Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency and Accreditation Program (PSU) & Executive Director (PSU-OUS), Pangasinan State University, Lingayen, Pangasinan, Philippines

Dr. Elymar A. Pascual

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

District Teacher Research Coordinator, DepEd Nagcarlan, Schools Division of Laguna, Laguna, Philippines

Dr. Eddiebal P. Layco

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Assistant Professor III & Director of Planning and Development Office, Don Honorio Ventura State University, Bacolor, Pampanga, Philippines

Sherwin P. Batilantes

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Master Teacher I, Malay National High School, Department of Education, Philippines

Jeson J. Galgo, LPT, MATFIL, PhD (CAR)

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Teacher II, Dagohoy National High School, Bohol Division, Philippines

Jupeth Toriano Pentang, LPT, MS

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Instructor, Western Philippines University, Puerto Princesa City, Philippines

Laurence B. Calagui

iJOINED Peer Reviewer

Instructor 3, Caraga State University – Main Campus, Butuan City, Philippines

Research Journal