Cabaylo, Leonicar S., & Feleciano, Divina T., Sabanal National High School / Sultan Kudarat State University

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st249

Abstrak

Layunin: Layunin ng pag-aaral na mapunan ang kakulangan ng datos tungkol sa kasanayan sa pagbasa ng mag-aaral sa Baitang 7 ng Mataas na Paaralan ng Sabanal, makapagbigay ng epektibong solusyon, at makatulong sa pagpapahusay ng kalidad ng edukasyon na naaayon sa kanilang lokal at pangkulturang konteksto. 

Metodolohiya: Ginamit ng pag-aaral na ito ang Research and Development (R&D) na disenyo upang bumuo at balidahin ang isang kagamitang pampagtuturo na tinatawag na "Bangketa ng Kaalaman", na naglalayong mapabuti ang kasanayan sa pagbasa ng mga mag-aaral sa Baitang 7. Isinagawa ang pag-aaral sa Mataas na Paaralan ng Sabanal, na matatagpuan sa Barangay Sabanal, Kalamansig, Sultan Kudarat. Ginamit ang complete enumeration technique, kung saan lahat ng mag-aaral sa Baitang 7 sa taong panuruan 2024–2025 ay naging kalahok sa pag-aaral. Dagdag pa rito, anim (6) na eksperto sa edukasyon ang nagsagawa ng balidasyon sa mga instrumento ng pananaliksik at nagbigay ng puna ukol sa interbensiyon.

Resulta: Ang pagsusuri sa antas ng kasanayan sa pagbasa ng mga mag-aaral ay nagpakita ng mababang resulta, na may kabuuang iskor na 37.91%, hindi pumasa sa itinakdang pamantayan. Ito ay nagpapahiwatig ng pangangailangan ng interbensyon upang mapaunlad ang kanilang kasanayan.

Samantala, ang bisa ng "Bangketa ng Kaalaman" bilang interbensyon ay napatunayang mataas, na may kabuuang iskor na 4.53, na nangangahulugang ito ay napakabalido bilang kasangkapan sa pagpapahusay ng pagbasa.

Sa pagtanggap ng "Bangketa ng Kaalaman," parehong positibo ang pananaw ng mga guro (4.68) at mag-aaral (4.80), na nasa antas ng "Lubos na Katanggap-tanggap." Wala ring makabuluhang diperensya sa kanilang pagtanggap, na nagpapatunay sa bisa ng modyul bilang epektibong interbensyon sa pagbasa.

Konklusyon: Batay sa mga resulta, kinakailangan ang agarang interbensyon sa pagbasa upang mapataas ang antas ng kasanayan ng mga mag-aaral. Samantala, ang "Bangketa ng Kaalaman" ay napatunayang may mataas na bisa at tinanggap ng mga guro at mag-aaral bilang isang mahalagang materyal sa pagtuturo.

Mga pangunahing salita: Kasanayan sa pagbasa, interbensyon sa pagbasa, Bangketa ng Kaalaman, epektibong pagtuturo, balidasyon ng modyul, edukasyong lokal

Alam, Jannene L., Gasis, Fiona Eunice R., Lagan, Reina Ushini L., & Estorico, Gecelene C., Civil and Allied Department, Chemical Technology Department, Technological University of the Philippines, Taguig, Metro Manila / De La salle University – Dasmariñas

Abstract

Aim: This systematic review explores the impact of temperature variations on the productivity of Apis mellifera (honeybees), focusing on how environmental changes influence nectar production and honey collection. By analyzing studies published between 2020 and 2024, the review examines honeybee responses to temperature fluctuations, particularly those beyond their optimal range. Research articles were systematically gathered from PubMed, ResearchGate, SemanticScholar, and SpringerLink to identify the key temperature and humidity conditions affecting honeybee productivity.

Methodology: Using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, 10 studies were selected based on criteria such as temperature variation, relative humidity, colony size, and honey collection duration.

Results: Findings indicate that Apis mellifera adapts to environmental changes and optimizes honey production under favorable conditions.

Conclusion: The highest productivity occurs within a temperature range of 20°C to 30°C and a relative humidity of 80–90%, which supports active foraging, colony growth, and increased honey yields.

Keywords: colony, efficiency, honey yields, relative humidity

Lomantas, Christopher S., & Bidad, Wilfred D., Mindanao State University, General Santos City

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st251

Abstract

Objectives: This study assessed the implementation of transition program skills package for students with autism in public secondary schools in the Province of South Cotabato, Sarangani Province, and General Santos City (SOCSARGEN), Philippines. It looks forward to learning from the experience of its learners and stakeholders in order to improve the K to 12 Transition Curriculum for learners with disabilities in particular for those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) so that this curriculum is pertinent and effective in preparing them for life post-school.

Methodology: Utilizing the principles of the Social-Ecological Systems Theory (SEST) and the Input-Process-Output model, this research employed a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design. The quantitative strand consisted of 32 students from nine SOCSARGEN public schools in the school year 2022-2023, and the qualitative strand accessed the perceptions of eight learners with autism as key informants and 18 stakeholders through focus group interviews in rural and urban areas.

Results: Outcomes reveal that the implementation of skills packages was moderately satisfactory, with teacher competence and stakeholder cooperation being its strengths. Teachers exhibited high competencies in the provision of skills training, with cooperation from parents, local industry, and government entities assisting in supporting program implementation. Deficiencies were seen in alignment of curriculum, methodologies for assessing learners, and availability of necessary resources like ICT tools and practical training facilities. Limited availability of assistive technology, out-of-date learning content, and lack of adequate exposure to work environments inhibited the full potential of the program. Stakeholders highlighted the demand for improvement in curriculum, improved financing, and better coordination with training schools to enable easier transition for learners into employment or further learning.

Conclusion: The transition program skills packages for students with autism had moderate success, with positives in teacher competence and stakeholder engagement. Gaps still exist in learner profiling, curriculum relevance, ICT equipment, and on-the-job training. It is important to develop TESDA coordination, ICT accessibility, funding, and industry linkage. Future studies must investigate resource accessibility, cultural sensitivity, and curriculum flexibility to enhance learners' employability and independent living.

Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), transition program, skills packages, learners’ experiences, stakeholder collaboration, educational assessment, mixed-method research

Maizano, Miguel S., Western Colleges, Inc., Naic, Cavite

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st252

Abstract

Aim: The study explored the tripartite collaboration of learners, teachers, and parents in school community. 

Methodology: This study used a descriptive quantitative method using a structured survey questionnaire. The study consists of 60 learners, 62 teachers, and 60 parent from Zuni High School, Zuni, New Mexico, U.S.A. 

Results: Effective communication and engagement is always observed by parents (3.36) while sometimes observed by learners (3.24) and teachers (3.13). Collaboration practices that foster shared responsibility for learners’ success are always observed by learners (3.31) and parents (3.40) and sometimes observed by teachers (3.13). Also, strengthening school-community relationships is always observed by learners (3.28) and parents (3.38) while sometimes observed by teachers (3.22). Supporting a positive learning environment is always observed by learners (3.30) and parents (3.43) but sometime observed by teachers (3.13).

Conclusion: There is communication gap among learners, teachers, and parents, particularly in how each group perceives their level of collaboration along  effective communication and engagement, shared responsibility for learners’ success, strengthening school-community relationships, and creating a positive learning environment. While parents and learners feel actively involved, teachers do not always demonstrate the same level of involvement.

Keywords:  tripartite, collaboration, learner-teacher-parent partnerships, school community

Castino, Carol D., & Altaya, Gracelyn C., Sultan Kudarat State University, Tacurong-Access, EJC Montilla

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st253

Abstrak

 Layunin: Ang pananaliksik na ito ay naglalayong tuklasin at ilarawan ang mga pananaw ng guro sa worksheet-based na pagtataya sa Filipino sa pagtuturo at pagkatuto ng mga mag-aaral sa Mataas na Paaralang Pambansa ng Kalamansig, Sultan Kudarat ng taong panuruan 2024-2025.

Metodolohiya: Ang kwalitatibong disenyo ng pananaliksik ang ginamit sa pag-aaral partikular ang transcendental phenomenology. Isinagawa ang masusing pagsusuri sa mga karanasan at pananaw ng walong (8) guro na kalahok mula sa iba’t ibang antas ng pagtuturo. Nakalap ang mga datos sa pamamagitan ng in-depth interview. Ginamit ang purposive sampling, isang tiyak na paraan ng pagpili ng mga kalahok.

Resulta: Sa pamamagitan ng tematikong pagsusuri, batay sa karanasan ng mga guro hinggil sa papel ng worksheet-based na pagtataya sa Filipino sa pagtuturo at pagkatuto, nalikom ng mananaliksik ang mga tugon ng mga kalahok sa tatlong lumilitaw na tema: dimensiyon ng buhay sa pagbuo at paggamit ng worksheet-based na pagtataya, adbentahi sa pagbuo at paggamit ng worksheet, mga tao na may kaugnayan sa pagbuo at paggamit ng worksheet-based na pagtataya. Sa kontekstong nakaaapekto sa pagbuo at paggamit ng worksheet-based na pagtataya, lumilitaw ang tatlong tema: mga damdaming nabuo sa pagbuo at paggamit ng worksheet, natutunan sa pagbuo at paggamit ng worksheet at epektong pisikal sa pagbuo at paggamit ng worksheet-based na pagtataya. Ang pagtingin sa sarili sa hinaharap ay lumitaw ang pangunahing tema na mahusay na guro. Batay sa maimumungkahing kaparaanan sa pagpapahusay ng worksheet-based na pagtataya, lumilitaw ang tatlong tema: benepisyo sa pagbuo at paggamit ng worksheet, mga mungkahing paraan sa pagtuturo gamit ang worksheet, at mga suhesiyon sa pagpapabuti sa pagbuo at paggamit ng worksheet-based na pagtataya.

Konklusyon: Batay sa resulta ng pag-aaral, ang karanasan ng mga guro ay napapahusay ang iba’t ibang dimensyon ng buhay na pawang nakatuon sa pagtulong sa pagkatuto ng mga mag-aaral. Nakaramdam ang mga guro ng samot saring emosyon tulad ng mahabang pagpaumanhin, kasiyahan at pagkabahala, natutunan ang pagkabuo at pagkaroon ng kalinawan sa mga gawain, at ang malalim na pag-unawa sa mag-aaral gayundin ang pagsasaalang-alang sa kultura ng mga mag-aaral. Nakakapagbigay ng stress at kahirapan sa pagbabalanse ng oras. Bagamat tinitingnan din ang patuloy na pagpapalawak ng kanilang kasanayan sa hinaharap gamit ang pagtatayang ito. Ipinapahayag din ang benepisyo tulad ng pagpapahusay sa pagbuo ng gawaing pagtataya at makadiskubre ng bagong pamamaraan sa pagpapahusay ng gawaing nakakatulong sa mga mag-aaral. 

Keywords: Worksheet-based na pagtataya, Pananaw, Penomenolohiya

Marquez, Jessie C., & Dapitan, Yolanda C., Sultan Kudarat State University-ACCESS Campus, Tacurong City, Philippines

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st254

Abstrak

Layunin: Nakatuon ang pag-aaral na ito sa pag-alam ng kakayahang panliterasi sa pagbasa at pagsulat ng mga mag-aaral sa Baitang 11 Akademik Trak sa Mataas na Paaralang Pambansa ng Kalamansig..

Metodolohiya: Ginamit sa pag-aaral ang descriptive-correlational na disenyo ng kuwantitatibong pananaliksik. Binubuo ng 102 mga mag-aaral mula sa Akademik Trak ng Baitang 11 bilang mga kalahok sa pag-aaral. Ang ginamit na instrumento sa pangangalap ng datos ay istandardisadong pagsusulit at rubriks sa pag-tsek ng mga awtput na sanaysay. Sa pag-analisa ng datos, ginamit ang mean, standard deviation at correlation coefficient value.

Resulta: Lumabas sa resulta ng pag-aaral na mataas ang kakayahan ng mga mag-aaral sa literal na antas ng komprehensiyon sa pagbasa. Sa kabilang banda, ang inferensiyal na antas ng komprehensiyon sa pagbasa ng mga mag-aaral ay nasa mababang-mababa na antas. Gayundin, nasa mababang-mababa na antas ng kakayahan ng mga mag-aaral sa kritikal na antas ng komprehensiyon sa pagbasa. Sa pagsulat naman, mababang-mababa na antas ng kakayahan ng mga mag-aaral partikular sa nilalaman, organisasyon, gramatika, mekaniks, at estilo sa pagsulat. Sa pangkalahatan, may makabuluhang ugnayan ang kakayahang panliterasi sa pagbasa at kakayahang panliterasi sa pagsulat ng mga mag-aaral.

Kongklusyon: Batay sa resulta ng pag-aaral, natukoy na ang antas ng komprehensiyon sa pagbasa ng mga mag-aaral ay may pagkakaiba-iba. Bagaman mahusay ang kanilang literal na komprehensiyon, hindi nila nakamit ang inaasahang antas sa inferensiyal at kritikal na komprehensiyon. Samantala, sa pagsulat, natuklasan na sa lahat ng krayterya—nilalaman, organisasyon, gramatika, mekaniks, at istilo—ay hindi rin nila naabot ang inaasahang antas. Ipinapakita rin ng pagsusuri na may mababang relasyon sa pagitan ng kakayahang panliterasi sa pagbasa at pagsulat. Gayunpaman, ang ugnayang ito ay makabuluhan sa estadistikal na pagsusuri. Ipinapahiwatig nito na bagaman may koneksyon ang dalawang kasanayan, kinakailangan ang mas masusing interbensiyon upang mapalakas ang parehong aspekto ng panliterasi ng mga mag-aaral. 

Mga Susing Salita: akademik trak, kakayahang panliterasi, komprehensiyon, pagbasa, pagsulat

Dela Peña, Raigel M., Sultan Kudarat State University, ACCESS, EJC Montilla, Tacurong City, Sultan Kudarat

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st255

Abstract

Aim: This study examined the management practices of school heads in geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas (GIDA) schools and their relationship with school performance and teachers’ career growth in the Tboli West District for the School Year 2024-2025.

Methodology: Using a quantitative descriptive-correlational research design, the study involved 13 school administrators and 110 elementary and secondary school teachers. 

Results: Findings reveal that school heads demonstrated moderate levels of management practices, with resource management receiving the highest rating, followed by monitoring, supervision, leadership, and training and development. Teachers also experienced moderate career growth, particularly in professional development, awards, and recognition, though promotion and reassignment opportunities were slightly lower. Regarding school performance, dropout, retention, and participation rates were rated very high, ensuring student engagement, while enrollment rate was categorized as average, indicating challenges in attracting new students. 

Conclusion: Findings revealed that school heads demonstrated moderate levels of management practices, with resource management receiving the highest rating, followed by monitoring, supervision, leadership, and training and development. Teachers also experienced moderate career growth, particularly in professional development, awards, and recognition, though promotion and reassignment opportunities were slightly lower. Regarding school performance, dropout, retention, and participation rates were rated very high, ensuring student engagement, while enrollment rate was categorized as average, indicating challenges in attracting new students. A strong positive correlation was found between management practices and school performance (r = .789, p < .002), underscoring the impact of effective management on educational outcomes. However, the correlation between management practices and teachers' career growth was very strong  (r = 0.979, p < .001), indicating that effective management practices support professional development, recognition and promotion opportunities for teachers. 

Keywords: school management, GIDA schools, school performance, career growth, teacher development

Bresenio, Fritzie V., Western Colleges, Inc., Naic, Cavite 

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st256

Abstract

Aim: The study assessed the perceptions of learners regarding the physical classroom environment and its role in promoting positive learning behavior.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive design using a structured survey questionnaire. The study consists of 27 Grade 6 pupils from Morong National High School in the District of Morong, under the Schools Division of Bataan. 

Results: The learners assessed the physical classroom environment as very evident, with a grand mean of 3.45. The most supportive factor was adequate lighting and ventilation for comfort, while the greatest challenge was inadequate or malfunctioniung lighting and ventilation, causing discomfort. Overall, the classroom environment strongly influenced learners’ motivation, focus, and engagement, with a grand mean of 3.47. 

Conclusion: A well-organized, clean, and properly maintained classroom nurtures a positive learning environment and learning behavior, where learners feel motivated, focused, and engaged. Adequate lighting, ventilation, and accessible learning resources enhance participation, while inadequate lighting, poor ventilation, clutter, and unfavorale conditions hinder learning. A well-designed space promotes positive learning behavior, supports academic success, encourages participation, and creates meaningful, enjoyable learning experiences for both students and teachers. 

Keywords: physical classroom environment, learning behavior

De Leon, Mary I., & Castro, Jocelyn S., Eastern Samar State University, Guiuan, Eastern Samar

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st257

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the integrated teaching approach in enhancing English proficiency among Grade IV pupils in the selected school district of Eastern Samar. Using a pre-test and post-test experimental design, the study compared the learning outcomes of pupils taught using the lecture method and those taught using the integrated approach.

Methodology: A Quasi-Experimental Research design was used to determine the effectiveness of an integrated teaching approach in communicative language teaching in Grade IV English in the school districts of Eastern Samar. A total of 50 Grade IV pupils participated in the study, divided into a control group (lecture method) and an experimental group (integrated approach).

Results: Results showed that while both teaching methods led to improved post-test scores, the integrated approach yielded significantly higher gains. The lecture method group had a mean post-test score of 26.48, while the integrated approach group achieved a mean score of 32.36. Statistical analysis using an independent t-test revealed a t-value of 5.345 and a p-value of .000, indicating a significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that the integrated approach is more effective in improving students' English proficiency compared to the traditional lecture method. The study highlights the importance of incorporating varied teaching strategies to enhance student learning outcomes. It is recommended that educators and policymakers consider integrating interactive and student-centered approaches in English language instruction to optimize learning effectiveness.

Keywords: Integrated teaching approach, lecture method, English proficiency, effect, experimental study

Tutania, Lawrence Y., & Manzano, Eddie C., Eastern Samar State University, Guiuan, Eastern Samar, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study explored the relationship between student attitudes, focusing on smartphone use, promptness, and academic performance among the Grade 10 students in the Second District of Eastern Samar.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive-correlational design using surveys to determine the relationship between the variables. This study was conducted in the Second District of Eastern Samar, and 349 respondents participated.

Results: With a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.068, there is no strong or meaningful connection between the level of students’ smartphone use and their academic performance. However, there is a low correlation between academic procrastination and academic performance, as indicated by the correlation coefficient of (r) 0.384, which suggests that lack of promptness, manifested as academic procrastination, influences students' performance, but other factors also contribute to their academic success or difficulties.

Conclusion: The study reveals that while Grade 10 students in Eastern Samar demonstrate satisfactory academic performance despite average to excessive smartphone usage and moderate promptness driven by internal anxieties, it negatively impacts their outcomes.  Interventions like time management workshops, counseling, and parental involvement are crucial to mitigate procrastination and optimize academic performance, even though problematic smartphone use did not directly correlate with academic results.

Keywords: student attitude, academic performance, smartphone use, promptness, academic procrastination

Pascual, Ivy Rose G., & Bangkulit, Nor-en B., Lampayan National High School, Lampayan, Matalam, Cotabato

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st259

Abstrak

Layunin: Nilalayon ng pag-aaral na ito na tukuyin ang kahusayan at epekto ng paggamit ng Modelong Eklektiko (Basal Reading at Language Experience Approaches) sa akademikong pagganap sa pagbasa.

Metodolohiya: Gamit ang kwasi-eksperimental na disenyo gamit ang purposive sampling sa pamamaraang lottery, isinagawa ang pananaliksik sa Mataas na Pambansang Paaralan ng Lampayan sa ikatatlong markahan sa taong panuruan 2024-2025. Gumamit ang mananaliksik ng pauna at panghuling pagsusulit at magkasunod na sarbey upang alamin ang antas ng integrasyon at pagtanggap ng modelong eklektiko bilang paraan sa pagtuturo sa pabasa.

Resulta: Batay sa naging resulta, inilahad ang napakataas na antas ng integrasyon ng modelong eklektiko sa pagtuturo ng pagbasa. Dagdag pa rito, hindi umabot sa ekspektasyon ang antas ng resulta ng paunang pagsuslit sa akademikong pagganap sa pagbasa subalit tumaas ang naging kinalabasan ng panghuling pagsusulit na inilalarawang namumukod matapos ang pagpapatupad ng modelong eklektiko. Kinakitaan ng napakataas na pagtanggap ang paggamit ng modelong eklektiko mula sa mga guro at mag-aaral na nagpakita ng makabuluhang pagkakaiba sa pagitan ng mga iskor sa pauna at panghuling pagsusulit.

Konklusyon: Ang eklektikong modelo ay epektibo sa pagpapabuti ng akademikong pagganap sa pagbasa at maaari itong maging epektibong paraan sa pagtugon sa pangangailan ng mga Frustrated Readers sa Junior High School.

Mga Susing Salita: modelong eklektiko, akademikong pagganap, basal reading approach,  language experience approach

Guiraldo-Tutania, Marivic R., & Castro, Jocelyn S., Eastern Samar State University, Guiuan Campus, Eastern Samar, Philippines

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st260

Abstract

Aim: This study examined the experiences of teachers pursuing master’s degrees, highlighting their motivations, challenges, and the degree’s impact on their professional growth. Recognizing the link between the teaching crisis and the global learning crisis, the study emphasizes the need for highly qualified educators. Research suggests that teachers with graduate degrees demonstrate greater effectiveness, making it crucial to understand their experiences for policy development.

Methodology: Using a qualitative narrative inquiry, the study collected data from five teachers in rural or geographically isolated areas of Eastern Samar through semi-structured interviews. These participants, selected via purposive sampling, were either currently enrolled in or had recently completed a master’s program. The gathered data were transcribed and analyzed through inductive thematic analysis to identify emerging themes.

Results: Findings revealed that teachers were highly motivated to pursue graduate studies, but they faced significant challenges, including time constraints, financial difficulties, and external disruptions. To overcome these, they relied on personal planning, support systems, and institutional assistance. Despite these challenges, pursuing a master’s degree contributed to their professional and personal growth, enhancing their skills, confidence, and sense of fulfillment.

Conclusion: The study underscores teachers' dedication to self-improvement and their commitment to quality education despite adversity. Strengthening support systems can help them reach their full potential. Therefore, institutions should create equitable and effective learning environments for educators. Future research should explore specific challenges and benefits in greater depth to develop more accessible and relevant support mechanisms for teachers pursuing advanced education.

Keywords: lived experiences, master’s degree program, narrative inquiry, career advancement, professional growth

Salahuddin, Chadley S., Philippine Merchant Marine Academy, Manila

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st261

Abstract

Aim: The immediate conduct of Marine Casualty Investigations (MCI) is crucial and should be handled by qualified investigators. However, there are instances when investigators are unduly delayed and have not yet arrived at the scene. In such cases, the responsibility of performing highly crucial and critical steps—including initial investigations, coordination with other agencies, data collection, identification of safety deficiencies, and submission of reports—falls on the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) Station and Sub-station personnel. Properly conducting MCIs is essential to derive accurate results and formulate effective recommendations. It ensures that similar incidents are prevented in the future. This study is particularly relevant in identifying the capabilities, roles, and challenges faced by PCG Station and Sub-station personnel in supporting MCI.

Methodology: The study employed a concurrent triangulation mixed-method research design using checklists, test questionnaires, and interviews to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. The listed dependent variables include the personnel’s roles, capabilities, and performance levels, while the enumerated independent variables—such as training, professional development, and targeted development programs—aim to enhance skills. The study involved 100 participants, comprising 10 PCG Station Commanders and 90 Sub-station Commanders. 

Results: The findings reveal gaps in terms of gender balance and training. Most participants were senior male officers with law enforcement experience but lacked specialized MCI training. While PCG personnel demonstrated strong capabilities in identifying safety deficiencies, evidence collection, and initial investigations, weaknesses were observed in report drafting, inter-agency coordination, evidence handling, and managing media and unauthorized personnel during MCIs.

Conclusion: To address these gaps, improving the quality of training programs, fostering inter-agency collaboration, streamlining the reporting process, and implementing quality improvement plans are recommended. Long-term studies and comparative assessments, annual calibrations, and recalibrations should be conducted to strengthen the overall effectiveness and preparedness of MCI operations. 

Keywords: Philippine Coast Guard, Station and Sub-Station Personnel, Marine Casualty Investigations 

Estacio, Divina M., Racela, Kim Ahnzel B., Ruiz, Carlo Jay F., & Yabut, Erna V., Graduate School, Centro Escolar University, Manila / National University, Philippines 

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st262

Abstract

Aim: This study addressed a critical gap by investigating the relationship between emotional factors and cognitive engagement and how collaborative and supportive environments could help students overcome these challenges.

Methodology: A phenomenological research design using Moustakas’ modification of the Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method was employed to capture the essence of students' lived experiences. A total of 12 university students from Cavite participated in the study through in-depth interviews. Data analysis combined the use of NVivo software for coding and organizing data with manual thematic analysis to ensure deep engagement with the participants’ lived experiences.

Results: The results showed that emotional factors like anxiety and frustration significantly hinder students' engagement and performance, often leading to avoidance of mathematical tasks. Additionally, cognitive challenges, particularly in understanding abstract concepts, further impacted students’ problem-solving abilities.

Conclusion: These findings emphasized the importance of addressing emotional and cognitive barriers through practical applications and supportive environments.

Keywords: Mathematics, Modern World, Emotional challenges, Cognitive barriers, Supportive learning environments, Math Anxiet

Francisco, Wilson B., & Naanep, Nathaniel D., Sultan Kudarat State University, ACCESS, EJC Montilla, Tacurong City, Sultan Kudarat

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st263 

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the elemental knowledge, lived experiences, and aspirations of NQESH examinees in the South Cotabato Division. 

Methodology: A mixed-methods research design was employed, utilizing survey questionnaires and interview guides to collect data from 254 respondents. Stratified random sampling with proportional allocation, the fishbowl method, and purposive sampling were used to select participants. Quantitative data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and multiple regression analysis, while qualitative data were examined using Moustakas’ and Colaizzi’s approaches.

Results: Findings revealed that examinees demonstrated very high elemental knowledge across key domains, including developing self and others, focusing on teaching and learning, managing school operations and resources, building connections, and leading strategically. A significant difference in elemental knowledge was found among examinees across districts. Furthermore, regression analysis indicated that expectations of elemental knowledge significantly contribute to the likelihood of passing the NQESH.

Conclusion: The lived experiences of examinees highlighted challenges such as mental fatigue, stress, and time constraints, but also underscored feelings of fulfillment, motivation, and career aspirations. Examinees viewed the examination as an opportunity for professional growth, career advancement, and improved leadership skills. The study underscores the need for continuous professional development and enhanced preparation strategies for aspiring school heads. It recommends targeted training programs to strengthen leadership competencies and improve examination performance.

Keywords: NQESH, school leadership, elemental knowledge, lived experiences, career aspirations, professional development, DepEd

Bergado, Cheryl M., & Ventura, Cherry Vanessa M., Sultan Kudarat State University

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st264   

Abstract

Aim: This study examined the relationship between teachers' grit and growth mindset in adopting the MATATAG Curriculum in public elementary schools in President Quirino, Sultan Kudarat.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive-correlational research design. Data were collected from 254 public elementary school teachers in the north and south districts of President Quirino, Division of Sultan Kudarat, during the school year 2024–2025 through validated survey instruments.

Results: There is a strong positive correlation between teachers’ grit and growth mindset, indicating that those who exhibited high perseverance and commitment were also more adaptable and open to improvement.

Conclusion: Teachers with higher grit and growth mindset levels demonstrated stronger adaptability, which contributed to a more effective implementation of the MATATAG Curriculum.

Keywords: grit, growth mindset, curriculum reforms, MATATAG curriculum, teacher adaptability, professional development,  resilience

Quibuyen, Chinnie B., & Accad, Mildred F., Sultan Kudarat State University, ACCESS, EJC Montilla, Tacurong City

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st265  

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and job performance of non-teaching personnel amidst the MATATAG Curriculum implementation in the Division of Tacurong City and Sultan Kudarat.

Methodology: The study utilized a quantitative non-experimental research design, employing the correlational method of research to determine the relationship among variables. This study was conducted in the division of Tacurong City and Sultan Kudarat with 224 respondents. Total population sampling was used to and with the inclusion criteria that they must be working as non-teaching personnel in these divisions, regardeless of employment.

Results: The non-teaching personnel in DepEd Tacurong Division and Sultan Kudarat demonstrate a statistically significant relationship between organizational commitment and job performance during MATATAG Curriculum implementation, as evidenced by a moderate positive correlation (r=.406, p<.001). There is a statistically significant relationship between job satisfaction and performance during MATATAG Curriculum implementation, evidenced by a moderate positive correlation (r=.436, p<.001). The chi-square analysis showed that employment status (χ² = 564.67, df = 3, p = .000), age (χ² = 67.99, df = 32, p = .000), sex (χ² = 330.01, df = 1, p = .000), highest educational attainment (χ² = 404.17, df = 3, p = .000), and length of service (χ² = 201.71, df = 31, p = .000) significantly influenced job performance.

Conclusion: There is a statistically significant relationship between organizational commitment and job performance during MATATAG Curriculum implementation, as evidenced by a moderate positive correlation. A statistically significant relationship between job satisfaction and performance during MATATAG Curriculum implementation, evidenced by a moderate positive correlation. The chi-square analysis showed that employment status, age, sex, highest educational attainment, and length of service significantly influenced job performance.

Keywords: correlation, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, job performance

Bechayda, John John V., Universidad De Sta. Isabel, Naga City, Camarines Sur, Philippines 

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st266   

Abstract

Aim: In the Philippines, while significant progress has been made toward universal health coverage through initiatives like the UHC Act of 2019, persistent challenges in maternal and child health, family planning, and disease control—especially in underserved and urbanizing areas—continue to hinder the achievement of health-related SDGs. This research focused on assessing the healthcare delivery status, analyzing the gaps and determining factors affecting the attainment of targets in Naga City from 2018 to 2022.

Methodology: The study employed an explanatory sequential mixed-method design. Quantitative data was collected and analyzed first, followed by qualitative data. Using the descriptive quantitative process, the researcher assessed the healthcare delivery situation and its corresponding gaps in Naga City. Then, specifically, this study utilized qualitative focus group discussions (FGDs), enabling both breadth and depth of understanding of the whole research endeavor.

Results: Naga City’s healthcare system faces significant challenges amid rising population density, including declining prenatal care, inconsistent family planning efforts, and substandard immunization coverage. Resource constraints, healthcare workforce shortages, and pandemic-related disruptions have further strained the city’s ability to address maternal and child health, disease prevention, and growing urban health demands.

Conclusion: The healthcare delivery services in Naga City revealed notable trends and challenges across key areas. Thus, it is recommended that the develop RIM model is implemented in Naga City. 

Keywords: challenges, gap analysis, health delivery, Philippines

Ramiterre, Leslie G., Tarlac State University, Tarlac City

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st267

Abstract

Aim: This research examines the correlation between job motivation, organizational commitment and work engagement within the context of public senior high school teachers in the Province of Tarlac.

Methodology: This study utilized a descriptive-correlational research design to gather data from a sample of 213 tenured teachers across three big schools. The research concentrated on essential motivational factors, including physiological needs, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization. This research investigates the three dimensions of organizational commitment: affective, continuance, and normative. Additionally, it analyzes work engagement through the lenses of vigor, dedication, and absorption.

Results: The findings indicate that, although public senior high school teachers exhibit a significant degree of commitment and engagement, factors such as financial dissatisfaction and work-life balance challenges have an impact on their motivation levels. The findings suggest that the link between job motivation and organizational commitment is partially influenced by work engagement, highlighting its significant role in enhancing this connection.

Conclusion: The research highlights the importance of tailoring human resource management strategies to sustain teacher engagement across diverse regions. Various initiatives, including local recognition programs, leadership training, career advancement opportunities, mentorship systems, equitable task distribution, and financial support mechanisms, have the potential to significantly enhance employee commitment and work involvement. A positive and encouraging work environment can significantly increase teacher engagement, potentially resulting in enhanced performance and a more enriched learning experience for students.

Keywords: job motivation, organizational commitment, work engagement, HRM strategies, teacher retention, professional development, school administration

Evangelista, Alvin E., & Rabut, Janet F., Sultan Kudarat State University, Tacurong City, Philippines

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st268

Abstract

Aim: Global perspectives on educational assessment were evolving due to modern ideas about the purpose and substance of education: new forms and technologies were being introduced and the purposes and functions of assessment were being enlarged. This study sought how a Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) Taxonomy-based assessment approach affected the learning outcomes of Grade 7 students that comprises Teduray, Muslims and Christians.

Methodology: Students were separated into two groups using a descriptive, comparative, and correlational design: the experimental group (SOLO Taxonomy-Based assessment) and the control group (Bloom's Taxonomy). The lottery method was used to pick students at random. Data were collected using the two-group pretest-posttest design, and statistical methods such as the mean, standard deviation, percentage, and analysis of covariance were used for analysis.

Results: Results indicated high validity and student acceptability of the developed SOLO Taxonomy-based assessment tool.  While both groups showed learning gains, the experimental group demonstrated significantly greater improvement in mathematics performance compared to the control group.  Although user satisfaction and acceptability were important for the successful implementation of educational tools, they do not necessarily translate into better academic outcomes. 

Conclusion: The assessment tool's outstanding qualities were determined to be a significant and successful intervention in raising students' learning performance. Therefore, it is advised that it be incorporated into the teaching process in the classroom.

Keywords: SOLO Taxonomy-Based Assessment, Learning Outcomes, Tri-People, Descriptive Correlational, Assessment

Dellava, Leoner D., & Naanep, Nathaniel D., Sultan Kudarat State University

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st270

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to assess the level of implementation of the Merit Selection Plan (MSP)  in school administration selection and performance.

Methodology: A descriptive research design was utilized, employing survey questionnaire to gather data from school administrators and teachers. Statistical analyses included frequency, percentage, ranking, mean, and standard deviation.

Results: Findings revealed that most school administrators had attended extensive training and had significant experience in leadership roles. Their competency levels were rated high, particularly in applying education, demonstrating outstanding accomplishments, and engaging in continuous learning and development. However, inconsistencies in the application of learning and development highlighted the need for more structured training programs to ensure leadership preparedness. The study also revealed a structured yet challenging promotion process, with lower promotion rates at entry-level leadership positions, indicating barriers in career advancement. Regarding performance, school administrators exhibited strong competencies in utilizing technology, managing school operations, and handling fiscal responsibilities.

Conclusion: School administrators have undergone relevant training and accumulated experience, contributing to their high competency levels in leadership roles. While the merit-based selection process is structured and effective, inconsistencies in applying learning and development highlight the need for more standardized training. Despite the system's strengths, challenges such as low promotion rates, delayed results, and procedural difficulties remain significant concerns.

Keywords: Merit Selection Plan, school administration, leadership competencies, career advancement, professional development, promotion process, human resource policies

Asuncion, Dianna T., & Accad, Mildred F., President Quirino Central School / Sultan Kudarat State University

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st269

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the impact of integrating values in the self-learning module in the values formation of the elementary learners of South President Quirino.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive, correlational design using surveys to determine the relationship between the variables. This study was conducted at Bayawa Elementary School and President Quirino Central School in the school year 2023-2024 with 166 respondents from the 284 total population using Slovin’s Formula. Random sampling techniques, including Yamane’s or Slovin’s Formula, were widely utilized in educational research to ensure the fairness and validity of the sample selection process. In the analysis and interpretation of the collected data, mean was utilized to determine the extent of the integration of Values Education in the Self-Learning Module and the level of learners’ values formation in the new normal setting while, Pearson r Correlation according to Bonett, D., & Wright, T. (2014) was used for the computation of the significant relationship between the extent of the integration of Values Education in the Self-Learning Module and the level of learners’ values formation in the new normal setting.

Results: The findings on the extent of Values Education integration in the Self-Learning Module revealed that instructions, discussions, assessments, and deepening of core values were fully integrated, with mean ratings ranging from 4.38 to 4.52. This indicated a high level of integration across various components of the module, suggesting a comprehensive approach to values development in the learning process. Regarding learners' values formation, results showed a high level of values formation across different indicators, including appreciation of new normal education, courtesy towards teachers, honesty in learning activities, and resiliency amidst adversity. Mean ratings ranged from 4.57 to 4.67, signifying exemplary values formation among learners, particularly within the context of the new normal setting. Furthermore, a significant positive relationship (r = 0.608, p < 0.001) was found between the extent of Values Education integration in the Self-Learning Module and the level of learners' values formation. This suggested that as the integration of Values Education increased within the module, learners demonstrated higher levels of values formation, highlighting the importance of values integration in educational practices. Finally, the results revealed that among the integrated values, deepening of core values emerged as the most significant factor contributing to learners' values formation. The coefficient for deepening of core values had the highest magnitude (B = 0.240, p < 0.001), indicating its strong positive impact on learners' values formation. This underscored the importance of reinforcing and deepening core values within the Self-Learning Module to foster holistic values development among learners.

Conclusion: a significant positive relationship was found between values integration in the module and learners' values formation, emphasizing its importance. Finally, deepening core values significantly contributed to learners' values formation, highlighting the need to reinforce these values in the module.

Keywords: values integration, values formation, modular distance learning through self-learning module

Jesura, Jan Shaira L., & Ventura, Cherry Vanessa M., Sultan Kudarat State University

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st273

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the migration status of OFW parents, the experiences of guardians, and the social behavior and academic performance of learners in public schools in Banga, South Cotabato during the school year 2023–2024.

Methodology: This study utilized a sequential mixed-method design, the study combined quantitative and qualitative approaches to provide a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon. Sixty-three (63) Grade 6 learners participated as respondents. Data were collected through an adopted survey questionnaire, while learners' academic performance was assessed using their quarterly Grade Point Average (GPA). Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, frequency distribution, percentage analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Meanwhile, qualitative data were translated, examined, and synthesized using Braun and Clark thematic analysis framework.

Results: Findings revealed the dual responsibility of OFW parents in balancing economic stability and familial ties reflects their resilience and commitment to maintaining strong connections with their children despite geographical separation. Learners with OFW parents exhibit well-regulated social behavior and adaptive capacities, demonstrating minimal disruptive tendencies and maintaining appropriate conduct. Additionally, their academic performance remains positive, with slight significant correlation between parental migration and academic or behavioural outcomes, emphasizing their resilience in navigating challenges.

Conclusion: Guardians assume a multifaceted caregiving role, facing various challenges yet drawing strength from social support systems to foster the learners' holistic development. Their experiences underscore the complexities of migrant family dynamics and the adaptive strategies essential for sustaining emotional and academic stability.

Keywords: OFW, migration, off-task, disruptive, aggressive, social behavior, academic performance

Carvajal, Adrian Lawrence P., Fernandez, Teddy M., Pangilinan, Angelyn M., Obod, Marilyn Morales, Amihan, Shielilo R., Sanchez, Richard D., Sanchez, Angeli Mae P., Sanchez, Jesus Jay D., Professional Regulation Commission, Philippines / Pangasinan State University, Philippines / University of Makati, Philippines, / World Citi Colleges, Quezon City, Philippines / PHINMA Laguna Network, Philippines, / John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University (Arevalo), Inc. / ETCOR Educational Research Center, Inc., Philippines, / Bureau of Jail Management and Penology, Philippines

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st271     

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to examine how the pre-service teacher education curriculum in the Philippines can be future-proofed through a comprehensive reframing aligned with national policy mandates and global education trends. Specifically, it analyzes the legal foundations shaping curriculum reform—including Republic Acts 10533 and 7722, the Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers (PPST), and Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4)—while identifying current implementation challenges, exploring innovation opportunities, assessing the role of teacher educators, and developing evidence-based policy recommendations.

Methodology: Employing a qualitative conceptual analysis, the study draws from national laws and policies, academic journal literature, and global frameworks from UNESCO, SEAMEO, and the OECD. Through content extraction, conceptual clustering, and thematic synthesis, the research develops a policy-responsive framework for curriculum transformation.

Results: Findings indicate that while legal mandates provide a robust foundation for reform, Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs) continue to face structural challenges, including inadequate digital integration, limited inclusive education practices, weak theory-practice alignment, and insufficient global benchmarking. Additionally, teacher educators—despite being central to curriculum delivery—often lack institutional support, professional development, and leadership recognition.

Conclusion:  The study concludes that future-proofing teacher education requires more than curriculum redesign; it demands systemic reform in faculty development, policy coherence, and pedagogical innovation. A conceptual framework is proposed to link legal mandates, curricular innovation, and teacher-educator empowerment toward building a responsive, inclusive, and globally competitive education system.

Recommendations: Key recommendations include mandating digital pedagogy and inclusive education as core courses, expanding structured practicum experiences, institutionalizing national faculty development programs, and establishing monitoring systems aligned with Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) performance. These findings can serve as a strategic guide for select government agencies in leading transformative change in Philippine teacher education.

Keywords: Teacher Education Reform, Curriculum Reframing, Future-Proofing, Teacher Educators, Education Policy Philippines

Dianasas, Loilyn Grace B., Sultan Kudarat State University, ACCESS Campus, EJC Montilla, Tacurong City, Philippines

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st274

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the relationship between the school heads’ governance and the institutional climate and school effectiveness.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive, correlational design using surveys to determine the level and relationship between the variables. This study was conducted at the schools in Banga South District, South Cotabato with 292 respondents. Purposive sampling was employed to select respondents, specifically the complete enumeration.

Results: The relationship between school heads’ governance and institutional climate showed a low positive correlation (r = 0.2843, p = 0.00395), indicating that while governance influences institutional climate, other factors also shape the overall school environment. Similarly, the relationship between school heads’ governance and school effectiveness showed a low positive correlation (r = 0.163, p = 0.0052), reinforcing that leadership alone does not fully determine school effectiveness but interacts with other structural and instructional factors.

Conclusion: The results indicate a low positive correlation between school heads’ governance and both institutional climate and school effectiveness. This suggests that while governance contributes to shaping the school environment and influencing outcomes, it is not the sole determinant. Other structural, instructional, and contextual factors also play a significant role in enhancing institutional climate and achieving school effectiveness.

Keywords: low positive correlation, school heads governance, institutional climate, school effectiveness

Caitum, Jerry Paul L., Intong, Judith D., Gutierrez, Winson M., Faculty of Department of Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Western Mindanao State University, Zamboanga City, Philippines / Faculty of Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Central Mindanao University, Maramag, Bukidnon, Philippines / Faculty of Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Central Mindanao University, Maramag, Bukidnon, Philippines

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st272

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to describe the socioeconomic profile of native pig raisers (NPR), assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards the utilization of coconut-based feedstuffs, determine the relationship of socioeconomic profile and KAP, and determine the differences of KAPS of NPRs in the Zamboanga Peninsula Region. 

Methodology: This study employed quota sampling, semi-structured questionnaires, and face-to-face interviews for data collection. It used descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and one-way analysis of variance set at an alpha 0.05 level of significance. 

Results: The study revealed that the NPRs’ profile revealed predominance of middle-aged married females with low levels of formal education and income, primarily engaged in personal business as their main source of income, and relatively new to native pig raising. Mostly cultivated coconut and banana as main crop, and using coconut dregs, freshly grated coconut, corn bran, and rice bran as cheap feed ingredients, feeding thrice daily and occasionally providing Kang-Kong (Ipomea aquatica L.), and using fish scraps as protein source for backyard-raised native pigs in the region. The key challenges of NPRs include high feed costs, unavailability of formulated feeds, and lack of technical support. 

Conclusion: Despite strong positive attitudes towards the utilization of coconut-based feedstuffs, NPRs have limited knowledge of the nutritional benefits and occasionally use coconut-based feedstuffs in their feeding practices. There is a weak positive correlation between educational attainment and the monthly income, while significant differences in the KAPs were observed in the NPRs among the provinces in the Zamboanga peninsula region. 

Keywords: Coconut-based ration, Native pig, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP), freshly grated coconut, coconut dregs, coconut by-product, Zamboanga Peninsula

Ballado, Aljun N., & Ventura, Cherry Vanessa M., Sultan Kudarat State University, Philippines

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st275

Abstract

Aim: This study examined the relationship between AI integration in school management and the enhancement of the MATATAG Curriculum implementation in East and West Tacurong City. 

Methodology: This quantitative study utilized a descriptive-correlational design to examine the relationship between AI integration in school management and the enhancement of the MATATAG Curriculum implementation in East and West Tacurong City. The study involved selected school heads and teachers from elementary schools in these districts during the school year 2024-2025. The study employed statistical tools such as Mean to assess the extent of AI utilization in school management and curriculum implementation and Pearson r correlation to determine their relationship.

Results: The results of the study reveal a strong and statistically significant relationship between the extent of integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in school management and the enhancement level of the MATATAG Curriculum implementation, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.875, which is significantly higher than the p-value of 0.016 at the 0.05 level of significance.

Conclusion: AI is widely utilized in administrative tasks, decision-making, and personalized learning, enhancing efficiency in grading, attendance tracking, and performance monitoring. However, it improves curriculum implementation by streamlining lesson planning, assessment, and decision-making while optimizing resources and enhancing instructional quality. Indeed, a strong correlation confirms AI’s crucial role in improving educational practices, resource allocation, and data-driven decision-making in schools.

Keywords: Administrative Efficiency, AI-Driven Decision-Making, Automation of Routine Tasks, Decision-making efficacy, Integration of AI in Administrative Processes, MATATAG Curriculum Implementation

Erolpan, John Khristone P., & Maglantay, Alan A., Sultan Kudarat State University

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2s...

Abstract Aim: This study examined the perceived relevance of the Philippine Professional Standards for School Heads (PPSSH) and the performance ratings of school heads in relation to their success in the 2021 National Qualifying Examination for School Heads (NQESH).

Methodology: Using a descriptive-correlational research design, data were gathered from 14 school heads in the Schools Division of Tacurong City through a validated survey on PPSSH domains, official OPCRF performance ratings, and recorded NQESH results.

Results: Findings showed that the school heads frequently demonstrated the five domains of the PPSSH, with particularly high ratings in strategic leadership, resource management, and instructional supervision. OPCRF results were consistently rated as “Outstanding,” while NQESH scores ranged across Categories A, B, and C. However, statistical analysis revealed no significant relationship between the respondents’ perceived PPSSH competencies or OPCRF ratings and their NQESH results.

Conclusion: The study concludes that while leadership frameworks and performance ratings reflect strong leadership practice, these alone do not predict success in the NQESH. Additional preparation methods may be needed to strengthen readiness for the exam.

Keywords: school leadership, PPSSH, OPCRF, NQESH, principal qualification

Giday, Merly B., & Naanep, Nathaniel D., Sultan Kudarat State University

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st277  

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine the status of instructional support and the level of suggested mechanisms among school administrators and to develop a supervisory tool for asynchronous learning modalities.

Methodology: A descriptive-correlational research design was utilized, employing survey questionnaires to gather data from school administrators and teachers. Statistical analyses included mean, standard deviation, Pearson r, and the one-sample proportion Z-test.

Results: Findings revealed that teacher support in asynchronous learning was highly rated, emphasizing strong instructional guidance and engagement. ICT support also received high ratings, though variations in accessibility indicate the need for further infrastructure development. Additionally, administrative support was found to be essential in facilitating asynchronous learning processes. Regarding suggested mechanisms, community involvement received a high rating, highlighting the importance of parental engagement and resource provision. School heads’ roles were rated very high, underscoring their leadership in ensuring effective implementation, while teachers’ suggested mechanisms received the highest rating, reinforcing their critical role in instructional design and student engagement. The study established a moderately significant correlation between suggested mechanisms and instructional support, suggesting that while strong instructional support enhances the implementation of asynchronous learning, other factors may also influence their effectiveness. Furthermore, the One-Sample Proportion Z-Test confirmed a statistically significant probability of adopting the Instructional Supervision Tool for Asynchronous Learning (ISTAL), indicating its potential as a valuable tool for enhancing instructional support and supervision in asynchronous learning environments.

Conclusion: This study highlights the vital role of instructional support in asynchronous learning, emphasizing the contributions of teachers, administrators, and ICT. Although generally strong, ICT access issues call for infrastructure upgrades. Community involvement enhances learning, and school leaders ensure resource allocation and adaptive teaching. Aligning support with leadership, training, and engagement improves outcomes. The study also endorses ISTAL for better monitoring, feedback, and educational quality.

Keywords: Asynchronous learning, Instructional Supervision, Instructional Supervisory Tool for Asynchronous Learning (ISTAL)

Coreses, Diana A., & Abad, Delma Jean V., Mabini Colleges Inc. / Camarines Norte State College

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st278  

Abstract

Aim: This study designed and developed an android-based math application to improve the numeracy skills of Grade 3 learners in the Paracale District, Division of Camarines Norte. It aimed to address gaps in numeracy skills, particularly for learners identified as needing major support, based on the Albay Numeracy Assessment Test (ALNAT) results.

Methodology: The study used a descriptive-developmental approach. It involved 303 Grade 3 learners from 24 elementary schools in the district and 36 evaluators including teachers, master teachers, and IT experts. The application was designed following the ADDIE model, focusing on stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The effectiveness of the app was measured through pre- and post-test results, as well as evaluations based on the LRMDS Evaluation Rating Sheet and ISO 9126 Software Quality Standards.

Results: The post-test results indicated a significant improvement in the numeracy skills of learners after using the android-based math app. Furthermore, the application was rated highly in terms of content, instructional, and technical quality by the evaluators. The study showed that the app was an effective tool for improving basic numeracy skills among Grade 3 learners.

Conclusion: The study successfully developed and implemented an android-based math application that significantly improved numeracy skills among learners needing major support. The application was positively evaluated by educators, and its effectiveness was demonstrated through improved post-test results.

Keywords: android-based math app, numeracy skills, instructional quality, technology in education, ADDIE model

Barrientos, Lyra F., & Naanep, Nathaniel D., Sultan Kudarat State University

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2s...

Abstract

Aim: Career plateauing is a significant concern among employees, particularly those in professions with limited upward mobility. This study examined the extent of career plateauing and the contributing factors among public elementary school teachers in Geographically Isolated and Disadvantaged Areas (GIDA) schools in the Tboli West District, Schools Division of South Cotabato.

Methodology: This study was a quantitative in approach. Specifically, the descriptive-correlational method is used to provide a thorough understanding of the phenomenon and to examine the relationship between the extent of career plateauing among public elementary school teachers in Geographically Isolated and Disadvantaged Areas.

Results: Findings revealed that the majority of teachers were aged 27-30 (42%) and predominantly female (88%), with most being married (70%). Career plateauing was found to be moderate across dimensions, with position plateau (M = 2.71, SD = 0.97) and contribution plateau (M = 2.75, SD = 0.93) showing similar trends. The overall extent of career plateauing was also moderate (M = 2.73, SD = 0.95). Contributing factors, both individual (M = 2.96, SD = 0.97) and organizational (M = 3.02, SD = 1.00), were similarly rated at a moderate level. Statistical analyses showed significant relationships between career plateauing and demographic factors, with age (χ² = 45.16, p = .000), sex (χ² = 40.97, p = .000), and civil status (χ² = 10.88, p = .001) all playing a role. A moderate, significant correlation (r = .612, p = .000) was found between career plateauing and its contributing factors.

Conclusion: From the findings, the study underscores the need for professional development programs and institutional policies to mitigate career stagnation and support teachers' career growth in GIDA schools.

Keywords: Career Plateauing, Geographically Isolated and Disadvantage Areas

Falsario, Elvis S., & Feliciano, Divina T., Gayonga National High School-BARMM / Sultan Kudarat State University

https://doi.org/10.63498/etcor280  

Abstrak 

Layunin: Ang pag-aaral ay naglalayong malaman ang antas ng komprehensyon ng mga mag-aaral, makabuo ng Interkultural na Modyul ng Panitikang Rehiyunal bilang kagamitang pampagtuturo sa pagtuturo ng Filipino, malapatan ng balidasyon at malaman ang antas ng pagtanggap ng mga mag-aaral at guro sa nabuong kagamitang pampagtuturo sa Mataas na Paaralang Pambansa ng Gayonga sa taong panuruan 2024-2025.

Metodolohiya: Upang maisakatuparan ang layunin, ginamit ang Stratified Sampling sa paghahati ng populasyon sa stratum batay sa magkakatulad na katangian ng mga miyembro upang mabuo ang pinal na sample.  Ang napiling mga mag-aaral ay nagmula sa etnolingguwistikong pangkat ng Cebuano Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Lumad  at Maguindanaon na may kabuuang bilang na talumpung (30) respondente. Ginamitan ng disenyong Research and Development (R and D) na sangkot ang pagsusulit, balidasyon at pagtanggap sa kagamitang pampagtuturo. Inalam ang antas ng komprehensyon sa pagbasa ng mga mag-aaral, antas ng balidasyon; pagtanggap ng mga guro at mag-aaral sa nabuong kagamitang pampagtuturo gamit ang descriptive statistics. Dagdag, ginamit din ang t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal Variances upang ihambing ang makabuluhang pagkakaiba sa antas ng pagtanggap ng mga guro at mag-aaral sa nabuong interkultural na modyul.

Resulta: Natuklasan na ang antas ng komprehensyon na may pinakamababang mean ay ang kritikal na sinundan ng Interpretatibo kasunod nito ay ang Literal samantalang nakakuha naman ng mataas na mean ang antas Integratib. Sa antas naman ng balidasyon, may paglalarawang Lubos na tinanggap. Dagdag pa, sa pagtanggap naman ng mga guro at mag-aaral ay may parehong paglalarawan na tinanggap o nakamit ang inaasahang pamantayan.  Sa ibang banda, may makabuluhang pagkakaiba ang antas ng pagtanggap ng mga guro at mag-aaral sa Interkultural na modyul bilang kagamitang pampagtuturo sa pagtuturo ng panitikang rehiyunal sa baitang 7.

Konklusyon: Samakatuwid, maaaring gamitin ang nabuong Interkultural na Modyul sa pagtuturo ng Filipino lalo na sa paglinang ng kakayahan ng mga mag-aaral sa Komprehensyon. 

Sa kabuoan, sa pagtuturo at pagkatuto ng mga mag-aaral ay may malaking gampanin ang guro lalo na sa paghubog sa antas ng komprehensyon ng mga mag-aaral na aangkla sa  kahingian ng bagong kurikulum.

Mga Susing Salita: Kasanayan, Komprehensiyon, Panitikang Rehiyunal, Interkultural Modyul, Literal, Interpretatibo, Kritikal, Integratib, Kagamitang Pampagtuturo

Calingayan, Felimar M., College of Advanced Education, Ifugao State University / DepEd Ifugao - Bangbang National High School

https://doi.org/10.63498/etcor281

Abstract

Aim: The main goal of this study is to investigate the role of Tuwali as a medium of instruction in Mathematics and its impact on student’s academic performance at Bangbang National High School, Hungduan, Ifugao. 

Methodology: A descriptive-correlational analysis was conducted on 106 junior high school students, examining their perceptions, gender differences, and the instructional effects of Tuwali on academic performance.

Results: Students generally perceive Tuwali as beneficial for learning Mathematics (M = 3.863), with female students showing a significantly higher level of agreement (p = 0.004). Additionally, students’ perceived benefits of Tuwali moderately correlate with their achievement scores (ρ = 0.317, p < 0.01).

Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of mother-tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE) in enhancing student comprehension, engagement, and academic performance. The study suggests that educational institutions should implement policies promoting language-inclusive teaching strategies. 

Keywords: Mother-Tongue-based instruction, Mathematics education, academic performance, indigenous language learning

Zagala, Gina N., Monge, Abigail F., & Laut, Robert B., Santa Maria Josefa Hospital Foundation, Inc. / Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges / University of Saint Anthony

https://doi.org/10.63498/etcor...  

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to assess the competencies of entry-level nurses towards quality nursing care in the hospitals of Rinconada which served as a basis for developing an onboarding training program.

Methodology: The research employed a descriptive-correlational design and gathered data from five privately-owned hospitals in Rinconada area. The hospitals were selected using stratified random sampling, and total enumeration was used to identify the entry-level nurse respondents. The gathered data were then tallied, tabulated and analyzed using the percentage, weighted mean, and chi-square test of independence.

Results: Findings showed that the majority of the workforce is composed of females aged 25 to 34 years, who are the youngest in the family, with most holding bachelor’s degrees and fell within the 10,001 to 20,000 pesos family monthly income bracket. Competency areas such as patient care prioritization, decision making, assessment and identifying and addressing medication errors were strongly demonstrated in the study. However, gaps were identified in the areas of stress management, emotional support, and advanced clinical procedures, while factors affecting nurse competencies are confidence in basic nursing skills, access to resources, and the presence of a collaborative work environment. The profile was found to have no significant relationship with the identified competencies. The proposed plan can improve the level of competencies of entry-level nurses in the hospitals of Rinconada.

Conclusion: By addressing key competency areas, factors and promoting continuous professional growth, the study underscores the importance of equipping entry-level nurses to meet the demands of quality nursing care effectively in the Rinconada area.

Keywords: Entry-Level Nurses, Competencies, Onboarding Training Program, and  Nursing Competency Development

Fernandez, Paul Cris Aljoe C., & De Alban, Ma Teresa G., Bicol College, Daraga, Albay, Philippines 

https://doi.org/10.63498/etcor284

Abstract

Aim: This study assessed the current status of the emergency room department, the level of patient needs, and the problems encountered by emergency room department staff of government hospitals in the province of Albay

Methodology: This study used a descriptive-quantitative design, using surveys to determine the needs of patients in the emergency room department based on patient-centered indicators. This study was conducted in two government hospitals in Albay with 93 respondents. Convenience sampling was utilized to assess the patients’ healthcare experience at the ERD. On the other hand, total enumeration was employed with the criterion that they work as healthcare providers.  

Results: The findings revealed that patients were satisfied in all care domains. At the same time, staff agreed they were experiencing problems in the emergency health care delivery system, which also affects patients’ satisfaction with the level of care.

Conclusion: The researchers have identified the following conclusions: Hospital A exhibited efficient service delivery to meet the patient's level of care and needs despite the surge of patient volume. In terms of staffing, there was a significant lack of staff, which significantly affected the care and operational services of the hospitals. Despite this, the patients in the emergency department of government Hospitals in Albay were satisfied with the service delivery exercised by the clinic. In addition, the challenges encountered by the emergency department staff were found to be serious challenges that limit their healthcare service delivery to the public, affecting overall patient satisfaction.

Keywords: Patient needs, Emergency Room Department, Evaluation, Service Delivery, Hospitals

Fabiania, Dior-Dane D., & Cajandig, Allan Jay S., Sultan Kudarat State University-Graduate School, Philippines

https://doi.org/10.63498/etcor283

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the least learned competencies (LLCs) in the Number Systems domain of Grade Seven Mathematics at Libertad National High School and to develop, evaluate, and validate an interactive e-module that addresses these competencies, enhancing students’ conceptual understanding and procedural fluency.

Methodology: This This study used a Developmental Research design to identify and address the least learned competencies (LLCs) in the Number Systems domain among Grade 7 students at Libertad National High School, South Cotabato. The study began with administering a standardized test, adopted from DepEd South Cotabato, to 235 Grade 7 learners to determine gaps in learning. These results guided the development of an interactive e-module, designed using tools like Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Adobe Acrobat, and Lumi. The school was chosen due to its large and diverse student population, as well as observed learning difficulties in number systems, particularly with fractions and decimals. To ensure content accuracy and effectiveness, the module was evaluated by a panel of experts composed of Mathematics educators, a module development specialist, and an IT expert. The evaluation process included both expert assessments and a usability try-out involving 70 Grade 7 learners and 5 Mathematics teachers. Evaluation tools included rating sheets adapted from Lumaque (2017), the Innovative Technology Center (2021), and Alegre (2011), measuring aspects such as clarity, relevance, attainability, appeal, conformity to standards, usability, and effectiveness. Data collected from these evaluations were analyzed using frequency, weighted mean, standard deviation, and ranking. The combination of expert validation and learner feedback helped confirm the quality and potential of the e-module as a supplementary learning tool to improve student performance in Mathematics.

Results: The results of the study showed that out of 30 items in the standardized test on Number Systems administered to 235 Grade 8 learners, seven items were identified as Least Learned Competencies (LLCs), having less than 50% correct responses. These items were numbers 1, 4, 8, 15, 19, 20, and 22, with item 20 receiving the lowest correct response rate of 42.98%. The remaining items were classified as Average (A) and Most Learned (ML), showing a range of mastery among students. These specific LLCs became the basis for developing the interactive e-module that focused on areas such as integer operations, real number representation, and number form conversions.

The developed e-module was evaluated by a panel of content experts and end users, with results showing high ratings across several criteria. Attainability received a mean score of 3.86 (SD=0.31), clarity scored 3.74 (SD=0.44), relevance 3.86 (SD=0.36), appropriateness 3.74 (SD=0.51), appeal 3.81 (SD=0.40), conformity to standards 3.86 (SD=0.36), and innovativeness 3.61 (SD=0.50). Usability and potential effectiveness were also rated highly by both Grade 7 learners and teachers, with mean scores above 3.50, indicating strong agreement with the positive aspects of the module.

Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight specific learning gaps in the Number Systems domain among Grade Seven students, particularly in the areas of integer operations, real number representation, and number form conversions. The identification of seven Least Learned Competencies through standardized testing provided a strong foundation for the development of a targeted interactive e-module. By aligning the content of the e-module with these learning gaps, the study was able to address the precise areas where students demonstrated persistent difficulties, supporting a more data-driven and responsive approach to instruction. The positive evaluations from both content experts and end users affirm the e-module’s overall quality and potential as an effective supplementary learning tool. High ratings in usability, relevance, attainability, and appeal suggest that the module is not only pedagogically sound but also engaging for learners. These results underscore the importance of integrating technology and interactive design in addressing common learning challenges in mathematics, particularly in topics like Number Systems.

Keywords: Least Learned Competencies, Number Systems, Interactive e-module, Research and Development (R&D), K-12 MATATAG Curriculum

Maglantay, Mary Grace G., Sultan Kudarat State University, Tacurong Campus, City of Tacurong, Philippines 

https://doi.org/10.63498/etcor285

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to examine how the impact of COVID-19 pandemic influenced the job satisfaction and commitment of Community Health Workers (CHWs) in Sultan Kudarat. It specifically investigated the extent to which pandemic-related challenges—namely workload changes, psychological stress, health and safety concerns, and adaptation to new protocols—affected CHWs’ satisfaction with their jobs and their levels of affective, continuance, and normative commitment.

Methodology: A quantitative descriptive-correlational research design was used. A total of 150 CHWs participated in the study, selected through purposive sampling. A structured and validated survey instrument was used to gather data. Descriptive statistics measured the levels of impact, satisfaction, and commitment, while Pearson-r correlation analysis tested the relationships between the pandemic’s impact and both job satisfaction and commitment levels.

Results: The findings revealed that workload changes had a statistically significant negative correlation with all dimensions of job satisfaction, including work environment, compensation, professional growth, work-life balance, and recognition. However, other factors such as health and safety concerns, psychological stress, and adaptation to protocols did not show significant effects on satisfaction. Regarding commitment, most impact indicators had no significant relationship with CHWs' affective, continuance, or normative commitment, except for a significant positive correlation between adaptation to new protocols and continuance commitment.

Conclusion: The study concludes that CHWs remained committed to their roles despite the challenges of the COVID-19 crisis. However, their job satisfaction was noticeably affected by increased workload. These findings highlight the need for effective workload management, continuous training, and recognition to sustain the motivation and retention of CHWs during public health emergencies.

Keywords: community health workers, covid-19, commitment, job satisfaction, workload

Abong, Allyza Layne A., Alegarbes, Cathren N., Barcelonia, Maria Sarahnnie P., Cabaluna, Jorrin R., Cabaluna, Mary S., Cantila, Rizza Mae A., Dovibar, Analyn E., Botanas, Stella Marie D., Adorable, Cirilo A., Alqueza, Jessalyn M., Jugadora, Valerie Jane B., University of the Visayas, Toledo City Campus, Cebu, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined how every hardware enterprise located in Poblacion, Toledo City, enhanced customer engagement using the SOR framework.

Methodology: This study used a quantitative-descriptive and correlational design using surveys to determine the relationship between the variables. This study was conducted on every hardware store in Poblacion, Toledo City with 376 respondents. Purposive sampling was employed with the criteria of 18 and above of age, voluntary or willing to answer the questionnaires, and already experienced or bought in Hardware Stores at Poblacion, Toledo City.

Results: The findings revealed that majority of customers are into loyalty in terms of observable outcomes with an overall highest mean of 4.18. purchasing behaviour with an overall mean of 3.95 and customer feedback with an overall mean of 4.02. Furthermore, the findings indicated that customer perceptions has the biggest overall weighted mean of 4.23 towards hardware enterprises, followed by motivations with an overall weighted mean of 4.21 and attitudes towards the brand with an overall weighted mean of 4.16. Moreover, there is a moderate positive correlation (p = 0.506, 0.511, 0.532 and 0.533) on the relationship between product quality, price, in-store experience, brand reputation on customer engagement in hardware enterprises. 

Conclusion: The study reveals that customer loyalty is crucial in hardware businesses in Poblacion, Toledo City, leading to satisfaction and retention. Customers value product quality, usability, and in-store experience, resulting in positive feedback and recommendations. The study also emphasizes the importance of customer perceptions, attitudes, and motivations towards hardware businesses. Factors like product quality, pricing strategies, in-store experience, and brand reputation impact customer engagement. Effective pricing strategies, a favorable in-store experience, and a reputable brand contribute to increased customer engagement.

Keywords: customer engagement, SOR Framework, hardware enterprises

Postio, Joyce C., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Inc., Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to explore the relationship between school heads' leadership competencies and teachers' job satisfaction in elementary schools.

Methodology: A descriptive-correlational design was utilized in the quantitative phase. Data were collected from teachers and school heads through surveys and standardized instruments, with respondents selected via purposive sampling.

Results: The findings revealed that leadership competencies in instructional leadership, strategic planning, and professional development were positively correlated with teachers' job satisfaction. However, work environment and community engagement showed mixed results, indicating areas for potential improvement.

Conclusion: School heads' leadership competencies significantly influence teachers' job satisfaction. Effective leadership practices foster positive school culture, support professional growth, and enhance job satisfaction.

Keywords: Competencies, Job Satisfaction, Engagement

Salas, Julie Ann, Open University System, Graduate Studies, Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This research examined the relationship between participation in formal (e.g., content- and pedagogy-based training workshops, mentoring and coaching, benchmarking, and research work) and informal (e.g., peer observation and discussions) Teacher Professional Development (TPD) activities and perceptions of teacher self-efficacy (TSE). 

Methodology: As a quantitative research study, it followed a descriptive–correlational design to determine teacher perceptions of TPD experiences throughout school year 2022 – 2023 and the impact of these perceptions on TSE beliefs in terms of student engagement, instructional strategies, and classroom management. Data for this study consisted of responses to a survey instrument gathered from 176 respondents randomly selected from six (6) public secondary schools in San Juan, Batangas. 

Results: The study found a significant correlation between participation in TPD activities and improvements in teacher self-efficacy beliefs in these three teaching functions. With a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.81, a very strong relationship exists between TPD and TSE beliefs in terms of student engagement. With a correlation coefficient of 0.80, a very strong correlation exists between TPD and TSE beliefs in instructional practices. With a correlation coefficient of 0.74, there is a strong correlation between TPD and TSE beliefs in classroom management. 

Conclusion: These findings indicate that as teachers participate more in quality TPD activities, the more they feel confident in their efficacy to affect student learning. 

Keywords: teacher professional development, teacher self-efficacy, student engagement, instructional practices, classroom management

Dubas, Mark Anthony C., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga Inc, Naga City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: Education is a critical pillar of national development, and the Philippines has undertaken numerous reforms to enhance the quality of its educational system. One such initiative is the Brigada Eskwela program, led by the Department of Education (DepEd), which promotes community involvement in school maintenance and preparation for the academic year. This study examined the motivations, challenges, and future outlook of program implementers.

Methodology: This study used a phenomenological research design to explore the lived experiences of Brigada Eskwela coordinators and school administrators in Minalabac District Schools, Camarines Sur.

Results: Findings indicate that both intrinsic motivations—such as a sense of duty, commitment to student welfare, and professional fulfillment—and extrinsic factors—such as community collaboration, resource acquisition, and compliance with DepEd mandates—drive the active participation of coordinators and administrators. However, challenges persist, including inconsistent parental involvement, insufficient government funding, and logistical difficulties in organizing program activities. Despite these obstacles, implementers remain optimistic, emphasizing the need for stronger financial support, sustained community engagement, and a renewed focus on the program’s core mission to benefit learners rather than foster competition among schools.

Conclusions: The findings suggest that the active participation of coordinators and administrators is driven by both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, reinforcing their dedication to student welfare and program success. While challenges such as inconsistent parental involvement, limited funding, and logistical hurdles persist, implementers remain optimistic about the program's future.

Keywords: Brigada Eskwela, Community Engagement, Educational Reform, Motivations, Philippines

Cagas, Arnold C., Laguna State Polytechnic University, Sta. Cruz, Laguna

Abstract

Aim: Solid waste management (SWM) is a critical environmental challenge faced by communities worldwide, including schools. Improper waste disposal contributes to environment degradation, public health risks, and resources depletion. This study aimed to explore the dynamic relationship between student-led initiatives and school-wide efforts in addressing SWM challenges. By examining the roles, strategies, and outcomes of this collaboration, the study sought to identify effective practices and provide actionable insights that can strengthen SWM programs within the school.

Methodology: This study employed a mixed-methods research design to examine solid waste management (SWM) at Dayap National High School (DNHS), integrating quantitative methods (surveys) and qualitative methods (interviews, observations, and document reviews). A convergent parallel design was utilized, where both qualitative and quantitative data were collected simultaneously and analyzed together. This approach ensured a well-rounded understanding of SWM practices at DNHS, highlighting strengths, challenges, and areas for improvement in fostering collaboration between student organizations and the school community.

Results: The study reveals that Solid Waste Management (SWM) practices and collaboration are not fully consistent, and while some activities are being done, they are only partially implemented. The results highlight areas where there is room for improvement, such as more consistent adherence to segregation practices, more active participation from stakeholders, and stronger leadership from student organizations and faculty. It also indicates that there may be opportunities to enhance community engagement and collaboration in SWM efforts. The primary themes emerged suggest that inconsistency in participation, implementation, and communication are the biggest barriers to effective waste management practices. Despite some positive practices and efforts from different stakeholders, the overall effectiveness is hindered by sporadic involvement, lack of regular education, and inconsistent enforcement of practices. Addressing the structural, educational, and coordination challenges is essential for strengthening the SWM efforts, and a more systematic and inclusive approach is needed to ensure consistent and sustained results.

Conclusion: The study highlights the varying levels of participation among students, faculty, and community members in solid waste management (SWM) activities at Dayap NHS. While many stakeholders actively engage in waste reduction and cleanliness initiatives, participation remains inconsistent, with some individuals displaying minimal involvement. The collaboration between student organizations and the school community has proven effective in promoting environmental responsibility, yet its full potential is hindered by several challenges. These include a lack of awareness, insufficient resources, weak coordination, inconsistent participation, and limited policy enforcement. Despite these obstacles, stakeholders generally perceive the collaborative efforts as beneficial, recognizing their role in fostering teamwork, environmental stewardship, and a cleaner school environment. However, they also stress the need for stronger institutional support, improved communication, and sustained commitment from all involved parties. To enhance SWM collaboration, strategies such as clearer waste management policies, increased educational campaigns, provision of adequate resources, and the establishment of a reward system for active participation should be implemented. Strengthening the partnership between student organizations and the school community through structured programs and continuous engagement will ensure a more sustainable and effective SWM system, fostering long-term environmental consciousness and responsibility at Dayap NHS.

Keywords: Synergy, Collaboration, Solid Waste Management

Gorubat, Cristine Q., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Inc., Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the competency levels of the Technical- Vocational and Livelihood students in the following specializations: Bread and Pastry Production, Cookery, Food and Beverage Services, and Housekeeping in the work immersion program in the 2^nd Congressional, Libmanan District- Secondary schools, Division of Camarines Sur. Specifically, it determined the significant differences of competencies before and after the work immersion program along the four specializations. Furthermore, this study also delved with the facilitating and hindering factors identified by the students, specialized teachers, and partner industry.

Methodology: This study employed the explanatory sequential research design which has two phases of data collection combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. The descriptive design in the quantitative phase was utilized to discuss the level of competencies and significant differences in competency levels.  For the qualitative phase, interviews and focus group discussions were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: Findings revealed that the basic competencies of BPP, Cookery, FBS, and Housekeeping students are competent and highly competent. The common competencies are highly competent, the core competencies of BPP were moderately competent while the Housekeeping, Cookery and FBS are competent. Significant difference in BPP revealed no significant effect of time while in Cookery, FBS, and Housekeeping was significant. Significant effect found for competency type for BPP and Cookery but not in FBS and Housekeeping. Significant interaction between time and competency type of BPP and Cookery, but not in FBS and Housekeeping. Two major themes emerged for the facilitating and hindering factors: teaching and learning process and the competency assessment process.

Conclusion: The competency levels of the TVL students specialized in BPP, Cookery, FBS, and Housekeeping along with the basic, common, and core competencies varied in scores before and after the conduct of the work immersion program. Moreover, for the BPP, the effect of time was not significant. The main effect was found for competency type with very highly significant interpretation. The interaction between time and competency type also found very highly significant. For the Cookery, the main effect of time was very highly significant. The main effect of competency type also was very highly significant. The interaction between time and competency type was found very highly significant. Meanwhile, for the FBS, the main effect of time was very highly significant. The main effect found for competency type was not significant, and interaction between time and competency type was also not significant. Finally, for Housekeeping, the main effect of time was very highly significant. The main effect towards differences among the competency types was not significant. Likewise with the interaction between time and competency type the result was not significant.

Keywords: Competency levels, Technical-Vocational and Livelihood, Work Immersion

Serrano, Welmer T., Polytechnic University of the Philippines- Open University System

Abstract

Aim: This study explored the lived experiences of teachers transitioning from beginning teachers to highly proficient teachers. Understanding the difficulties, self-perceptions, support networks, coping mechanisms, and achievements teachers experienced during their professional development was its main goal.

Methodology: A qualitative, phenomenological approach was employed to capture the subjective experiences of educators. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with eight master teachers from the National Capital Region and DepEd Region III, selected through purposive sampling. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes in their career progression.

Results: Findings revealed that teachers encountered significant challenges, including curriculum adaptation, inappropriate teaching assignments, financial constraints, and emotional struggles. Despite initial self-doubt and professional insecurity, they gradually developed confidence, resilience, and leadership qualities. Mentorship, institutional support, collegial collaboration, and professional development played crucial roles in their career advancement. Teachers employed strategies such as problem-solving, career planning, continuous learning, and work-life balance to navigate their transition. Their success was marked by academic and research excellence, leadership roles, recognition, and financial stability.

Conclusion: The study concluded that structured institutional support, mentorship programs, and professional development opportunities are vital in ensuring a smoother transition for teachers. Recommendations included enhancing the Teacher Induction Program, strengthening mentorship initiatives, integrating growth mindset training, expanding professional learning communities, and implementing structured career pathways.

Keywords: Teacher Career Transition, Professional Development, Mentorship, Teacher Well-being, Leadership Development, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Doctor of Education Management

Albert S. Asanza, Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Inc., Naga City, Philippines 

Abstract

Aim: This phenomenological study investigated how Social Studies teachers in selected schools in Canaman, Camarines Sur conceptualize and implement contextualization in their lessons. 

Methodology: It sought to determine how teachers understand contextualization, explore its application in Social Studies classrooms, identify perceived benefits, examine challenges and aspirations, and propose an intervention plan based on the findings. Eighteen teachers from the Department of Education were chosen through purposive sampling, and in-depth interviews were conducted to collect data, which were then analyzed thematically. Confidentiality measures were strictly observed to protect participants’ identities. 

Results: The analysis revealed that teachers perceive contextualization as a means of bridging curriculum content and students’ lived experiences, emphasizing local connections, real-life relevance, and cultural or historical frameworks. Teachers reported multiple benefits, such as enhanced comprehension, increased engagement and retention, and the promotion of lifelong learning. However, they also faced obstacles, including limited teaching resources, time constraints, and inadequate training and support. 

Conclusions: In response to these challenges, the study recommends professional development opportunities that focus on cultural competence and localized teaching strategies, along with stronger community partnerships to secure relevant materials. Allowing flexibility in curriculum design could further enable teachers to integrate meaningful local examples and culturally significant content. By addressing these systemic and practical barriers, the proposed intervention plan aims to maximize the effectiveness of contextualized lessons, ultimately promoting deeper and more transformative learning experiences in Social Studies education. 

Keywords: Community partnerships, Contextualization, Cultural relevance, Social Studies, Teacher training, Philippines

Sumalinog, John Ted P., & Sayson, Joe Ed C., Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the stressors faced, type of resilience, level of resiliency, and common type of resilience training acquired by Mayon Responders in the Mayon Disaster. 

Methodology: To determine the frequency of the variables, a survey form was utilized, and a descriptive type method was used. This study was conducted at the Provincial Health Office in Albay. Purposive sampling was employed with the criteria that they are Mayon Disaster Frontliners, provide health services during the Mayon Disaster, and work in the Albay Provincial Health Office.

Results: The experienced intense workloads are the top stressor of Mayon responders, as indicated on the frequency distribution of 6 out of 16 responders’ answers. On the types of resilience, it shows that 16 out of 16 respondents score the highest in emotional resilience, while 2 out of 16 respondents score similarly in mental and physical resilience. This indicates that the respondents are resilient in dealing with stressors connected to emotions. As to the level of resiliency, the findings showed that 9 out of 16 respondents were classified as having above-average levels of resiliency, which may mean that the respondents were doing well in coping. For the training, it is shown that 10 out of 16 respondents have mostly attended spiritual resilience trainings.

Conclusion: The respondents are facing high workloads, potentially leading to burnout due to staffing issues. This is a significant concern. They show strong emotional resilience but struggle with mental resilience. This means they are good at managing their feelings but might find it harder to solve problems and find solutions. They have received more training in spiritual resilience than physical resilience. Overall, they have above-average resilience, suggesting they are coping well. The researcher’s recommendation is to address their mental resilience challenges and to focus more on physical well-being, which is important for overall resilience.

Keywords: levels of resiliency, mayon responders, resiliency, type of resiliency

Magat, Marc Edly R., Regala, Jennifer D., Cerezo, Benjamin B. II, Estacio, Divina M., & Yambao, Francis Michael P., Graduate School, Centro Escolar University, Manila / National University, Philippines / Occidental Mindoro State College, Mindoro Occidental

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the relationship between teaching philosophy, teacher digital competence, and meaningful work among 194 college professors. It identified the extent to which teaching philosophy and digital competence predict meaningful work and whether their interaction further influences this relationship. 

Methodology: A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing statistical analysis to examine correlations and predictive relationships among teaching philosophy, teacher digital competence, and meaningful work. Data were collected through validated survey instruments and analyzed using regression models to assess the main and interaction effects.

Results: The findings reveal a strong correlation between teaching philosophy and meaningful work, suggesting that faculty members with a well-defined teaching philosophy are more likely to experience meaningfulness in their profession. Teacher digital competence was also identified as a significant predictor of meaningful work, indicating that higher digital proficiency contributes positively to faculty members' perceptions of their work's significance. The interaction between teaching philosophy and digital competence significantly impacts meaningful work; however, this effect is moderated in a way that ultimately reduces its strength. The interaction between these two factors suggests that digital skills do not replace traditional teaching values but complement them, making teaching more effective and meaningful in today's technology-driven education landscape. 

Conclusion: This study underscores the crucial role of teaching philosophy and digital competence in shaping educators' perceptions of meaningful work. The findings suggest that professional development programs should integrate educational technology to align with faculty members' core teaching philosophies, ensuring that digital advancements enhance, rather than overshadow, pedagogical integrity. Future initiatives in faculty training should focus on harmonizing digital competence with educators' value systems to foster more fulfilling and impactful academic experiences.

 Keywords: teaching philosophy, teacher digital competence, meaningful work, college faculty, moderation analysis

Insuya, Ian B., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga Inc.

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the relationship of work resilience to work engagement of teachers in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools in Bombon District of the Schools Division Office of Camarines Sur.

Methodology: This study employed descriptive-evaluative-correlational design using surveys to determine the relationship between the variables. This study was conducted in full enumeration with 136 respondents. 

Results: The result shows that work resilience of teachers is high along the dimensions of personal competencies and persistence, spiritual influences, family cohesions and social skills and peer support. As to the significant difference of the work resilience along the identified dimensions, highly significant difference was recorded between spiritual influence and personal competencies and persistence at p=.003, spiritual influence and family cohesion at p=.000 and spiritual influence and social skills with p=.004. Coupled with the work engagement along the dimensions of physical engagement, emotional engagement and cognitive engagement is very high level of work engagement. Also, significant difference between emotional engagement and cognitive engagement were noted with p=.025. On the whole, the significant affect of work resilience to work engagement is very high at p=.000.

Conclusion: High level of work resilience was noted along the identified dimensions. Additionally, spiritual influence has significant difference in other three dimensions. Equally important, work engagement of teachers is very high across the dimensions. Significant difference was noted between emotional engagement and cognitive engagement. In the final analysis, there is a significant affect on the level of work resilience to the level of work engagement of teachers. 

Keywords: Education, Work Resilience, Work Engagement, descriptive-evaluative-correlational design, Philippines

Jusi, Joan Rose A., The Philippine Women University, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to come up with a post catering waste management assistance to small scale catering business as a foundation for wastemanagement design in Camarines Norte. Specifically, it devised the post catering waste management techniques of the small-scale catering services in Camarines Norte, in terms of relationship between years of operation and waste management practices, number of employees and waste management practices, and relationship between amount of capital and waste management practices.

Methodology: Ten business owners of small-scale catering businesses, in selected municipalities of Camarines Norte, were participants of the study. Non-probability sampling was used due to the target criterion of including only owners of small- scale catering businesses. Convenience sampling was employed to identify the participants.

Results: Findings revealed that there is a relatively positive stand regarding waste management practices among the catering business in Camarines Norte. However, some respondents suggested that to sustain practices in solid waste management, general rules for waste disposal, energy-saving practices, and liquid waste disposal should be maintained because there are still some small catering businesses that do not practice the segregation of waste, reduction of non- recyclable waste and the management of food waste after events.

Conclusion: With this outcome, the researcher came up with post catering waste management assistance to small scale catering business as a foundation for waste management design.

Keywords: Post Catering, Waste Management, Small Scale Catering Business, Waste Management

Buela, Jasmin S., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Inc., Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined students’ manifestations of Department of Education Core Values in Secondary Schools.

Methodology: The study employed a mixed-method explanatory sequential research design. The quantitative part used descriptive correlation to examine the extent of students' manifestations of the DepEd Core Values along: a. makatao, b. makakalikasan c. makabansa, and d. maka-Diyos, rated by both students and teachers. The correlation method was used to determine the significant difference in the level of personal expression of DepEd core values as rated by students and teachers across locations for various elements. In the qualitative method, in-depth interviews were conducted to identify the elements that influence students' manifestation of the DepEd core values.

Results: The overall mean for the level of personal manifestation of the core values along makatao is 3.20, makakalikasan is 3.21, makabansa is 3.32, and maka-Diyos is 3.31. Further analysis shows the significant differences in the level of personal manifestation of the DepEd Core Values among students, as rated by their teachers, across different aspects and locations.  It indicates that there are “no significant differences” found across the four aspects of the DepEd Core Values—makatao, makakalikasan, makabansa, and maka-Diyos (F(3,84)=1.431, p=.233, η2=.012). A significant difference was observed between locations (F(1,84)=4.627, p=.032, η2=.013). Teachers in the West rated students' manifestation of these values higher (M=3.225) than those in the East (M=3.118). The interaction between aspect and location was not statistically significant (F(3,84)=0.176, p=.912, η2=.001), indicating that the pattern of ratings for the four aspects was consistent across both regions. Results of the in-depth interview revealed that five factors contributed to students’ manifestations of the DepEd core values: family influence; the role of media and community; self-integration; peer influence; and teachers’ role and school environment.

Conclusion: From the findings in can be inferred that the students' personal manifestation of the DepEd Core Values along with makabansa and maka- Diyos is higher than makatao and makakalikasan  and there are factors which influence their values. It is therefore necessary for the DepEd to undertake and implement programs and policies that will intensify the promotion of the DepEd Core Values. 

Keywords:  mixed-method, sequential explanatory, core values, secondary schools

Serrano, Rachelle Marie S., University of Perpetual Help System Dalta, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in teaching and its impact on student engagement in Electrical Installation and Maintenance (EIM) among Grade 10 students and teachers at Las Piñas National High School – Almanza for the School Year 2023-2024.

Methodology: Employing a quantitative research design with a descriptive-correlational method, the study utilized total enumeration sampling, encompassing 21 teachers and 360 students. Data collection was conducted through a validated survey questionnaire, with statistical analysis performed to determine relationships and significant differences.

Results: Findings indicate that students are predominantly mid-teenagers with balanced gender representation and varying levels of technological proficiency, while teachers are mostly young, female, and highly educated. AI integration in EIM teaching was assessed as moderately integrated across technological infrastructure, pedagogical practices, and training and support. Student engagement was found to be significantly high in cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects. Notable differences in AI integration levels were observed based on students' age and technology proficiency. A strong positive correlation was identified between AI integration and student engagement, while a moderate positive correlation was noted with teacher engagement.

Conclusion: Based on the findings, the AI-Enhanced Learning Initiative (AELI) was proposed to optimize engagement and learning outcomes through structured training programs, AI-integrated curriculum development, and strengthened institutional support. Key recommendations include targeted AI training, enhanced technological infrastructure, continuous professional development for teachers, and further research on AI-driven instructional strategies to maximize student engagement.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Student Engagement, Electrical Installation and Maintenance

Lillo, Francin Joy G., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Inc., Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the extent of parents’ participation with the learners’ development manifestations subjected to the modified School-Based Feeding Program (SBFP).

Methodology: This study used a descriptive-correlational method using surveys to determine the relationship between the variables. This study was conducted at Cabugao Elementary School – Milaor District with 70 respondents. Purposive sampling was employed to include study participants SBFP Nutritious Food Packs (NFP) Coordinator, SBFP Milk Coordinator, teachers and parents of SBFP beneficiaries.

Results: The extent of parental participation in the School-Based Feeding Program and the nutritional status of children was not statistically significant, χ²(6, N = 61) = 7.68, p = .263). Furthermore, the extent of parental participation also showed a strong correlation with academic performance (r=.609, p=.000). Moreover, the extent of parent participation was significantly correlated with students' behavior (r = .317, p = .013).

Conclusion: The parents show strong level of participation in general program activities, monitoring and coordinating. This shows that while parents are actively involved, their participation in planning remains low. However, parents’ participation does not significantly influence children's nutritional status. Planning aspect has a significant association with children's nutritional status. The results revealed significant improvement in the nutritional status, academic performance and behavioral dynamics of the learners after the implementation of the School-Based Feeding Program. Moreover, all aspects of parents’ participation showed a highly significant relationship with learners’ development. 

Keywords: parents’ participation, learners’ development, School-Based Feeding Program

Pol, Romualdo M., Rafin, Jesselyn F., Natividad, Ma. Raysolyn E., San Jose, Lyn DS, Zapanta, Levita H., Gonzalvo, Karla Jane P., & Montecillo-Amante, Ericha V., School of Environmental Science, University of the Philippines-Los Baños / College of Fisheries, University of Rizal System, Cardona Campus / Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Central Office, Department of Agriculture

Abstract

Aim:  This study assessed the containment measures implemented through the analysis of knifefish catch data in Laguna de Bay from 2014 to 2019.

Methodology: The study area is Laguna Lake, the largest lake in the Philippines, divided into four bays: West Bay, Central Bay, East Bay, and South Bay. Secondary data was collected from the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources-National Inland Fisheries Training Center ( BFAR-NIFTC), covering a 5-year period from 2014 to 2019, including total fish catch per fishing gear. Time series analysis was used to determine the increase/decrease of knifefish catch, and regression analysis was used to establish the impact of BFAR's containment program.

Results: The assessment revealed an average of 79,533 kg of knifefish catches per month, totaling 5,169,674 kg from 2014 to 2019, with the greatest catch in the West Bay. Regression analysis showed a significant relationship between the intensive collection program by BFAR and the number of knifefish caught.

Conclusion: There was a significant linear relationship between the intensive implementation of the collection program of BFAR and the catch/population of knifefish in Laguna de Bay. There was an inversely proportional relationship between the sudden slowdown in fishermen's efforts due to low buying prices and the catch/population of knifefish.

Keywords: Knife fish, Chitala ornata, Assessment, Laguna de Bay, Containment Measures

Villan, Christian V., Cunanan, Gloria M., & Macalaba, Samiel P., Liceo de Cagayan University, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines / Mindanao State University-Main Campus, Marawi City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: Enrolling in nursing school is demanding. Students participating in a nursing program frequently express feelings of academic burnout. As an educator, witnessing, engaging with, and instructing students experiencing burnout is challenging. Nurse educators must recognise this issue and take action to resolve it. Studies suggest that stress and self-efficacy correlate with academic burnout (Ma et al., 2022; Lin & Yang, 2021). Nonetheless, a gap persists as existing research has concentrated on evaluating these determinants in countries other than the Philippines and only within the framework of public or private educational institutions, neglecting a comprehensive analysis of both. This article sought to bridge the gap by clarifying the relationship between stress, self-efficacy, and academic burnout among nursing students at both public and private colleges.

Methodology: The study involved 719 nursing students from four private and public colleges in the Philippines, employing modified standardised questionnaires and a 5-point Likert scale. Pearson Product Moment Correlation and linear regression were utilised as statistical instruments.

Results: The findings indicated that student nurses exhibited elevated levels of stress (M=3.89, SD=.977), self-efficacy (M=4.22, SD=.801), and academic burnout (M=3.65, SD=1.10). Likewise, a notable connection was identified between academic burnout, stress, and self-efficacy.

Conclusion: The outcomes suggest that university nursing students experienced burnout and academic stress despite high self-efficacy. At the same time, these variables are significantly correlated with each other. Improving nursing education requires the identification of factors that lead to intellectual fatigue among nursing students. Furthermore, legislators, administrators, and educators can establish and implement policies that enhance the school environment by understanding students' challenges.     

Keywords: academic stress, self-efficacy, academic burnout, nursing students, correlation

Almodiel, Trisha A., Universidad de Sta. Isabel, Naga City

DOI: 10.63498/nxz2st234

Abstract

Aim: This study examined the level of distributed leadership among school heads and its relationship with teachers’ organizational commitment in San Pascual South District.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive, evaluative, and correlational design using surveys to determine the relationship between the variables. This study was conducted at San Pascual South District for Elementary Teachers with 145 respondents resulting in a response rate of approximately 96.67%. 

Results: A highly significant relationship was found between "Leadership Practices" and "Affective Commitment" (p = .005), indicating that better leadership practices positively influence teachers' emotional connection to the school. A significant relationship was also observed between "Mission, Vision, and Goals" and "Affective Commitment" (p = .044). However, no significant relationships were found between distributed leadership and other aspects of organizational commitment.

Conclusion: Teachers’ emotional commitment to the school is influenced by strong leadership practices and a clear mission. However, distributed leadership does not significantly impact teachers' decisions to stay due to necessity or obligation. 

Keywords: correlation, work environment, job satisfaction, organizational commitment

Padlan, Eula Marie E., Morong National High School

DOI: 10.63498/nxz2st235

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the impact of the researcher-made Game-Based Learning (GBL) package on the Mathematical Performance of Grade 7 students at Morong National High School. Specifically, it aimed to compare the performance of students who engage in GBL activities to those who follow traditional instructional methods in terms of their mathematical proficiency.

Methodology: This study used an experimental design involving two groups: an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group, consisting of students who used the GBL package, and the control group, composed of students who followed traditional instructional methods, were assessed before and after the intervention. The participants were two Grade 7 sections at Morong National High School, randomly assigned to either group. The GBL package consisted of interactive games that aimed to improve students’ understanding of Statistics. The control group followed the traditional method of teaching, which included lectures and worksheets. Both groups were given pre-tests to assess their baseline mathematical performance and post-tests to measure any improvements after the intervention. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics, specifically an independent t-test, to determine if there was a significant difference in the post-test scores between the two groups.

Results: The analysis revealed that the intervention group had a mean pre-test score of 8.5, compared to 8.575 for the control group, indicating similar baseline performance. Following the intervention, the intervention group significantly outdid the control group, with a mean post-test score of 32.9, compared to the control group’s score of 18.35. This resulted in a mean gain score of 24.4 for the intervention group, while the control group had a mean gain score of 9.775. The standard deviation for the pre-test scores was 3.80 for the intervention group and 4.06 for the control group, reflecting a slightly higher variance in the control group. After the intervention, the standard deviation for the intervention group decreased to 3.35, while the control group’s post-test standard deviation was 4.33, indicating a more consistent performance improvement in the intervention group. The calculated Cohen’s D value of 6.75 demonstrates a very large effect size, signifying a substantial impact of the intervention on the intervention group’s mathematical performance. Furthermore, the p-value of 0.00 strongly supports the statistical significance of the observed differences between the groups, confirming that the improvement in the intervention group is not due to random chance.

Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate the significant impact of the Game-Based Learning (GBL) package on the mathematical performance of students in the intervention group compared to the control group. These findings emphasize the effectiveness of researcher-made GBL as an impactful instructional tool for enhancing students' learning outcomes in mathematics

Keywords: Game-Based Learning (GBL), mathematical performance, educational intervention, impact

Acevedo, Courtney G., & Orongan, Maris Jade Q., Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Maramag, Bukidnon

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st236  

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to assess the significant difference between demographic characteristics and academic performance in the Alternative Learning System (ALS), a flexible educational program designed for individuals unable to attend formal schooling.

Methodology: The study, conducted in Maramag II District, Region 10, Philippines, utilized a descriptive-correlational approach, examining the portfolios of 118 ALS participants during the school year 2022-2023. The demographic analysis includes age, gender, civil status, educational attainment, employment status, and monthly household income. Moreover, this study analyzed the level of academic performance of ALS students in a portfolio-based assessment, the significant relationship between the demographic characteristics of ALS students and the level of their academic performance, and the demographic characteristics that affect ALS students' academic performance.

Results: Results indicate a concentration of ALS participants among young adults, a balanced gender distribution, and a majority with high school-level education. Most ALS learners are unemployed and come from low-income backgrounds. Portfolio assessment indicated consistent performance across demographic groups which demonstrate no significant relationship observed, however, there was a potential trend suggesting a link between educational attainment and academic achievement, but this relationship did not reach statistical significance. Moreover, no demographic characteristics were found to significantly affect the academic performance of ALS students.

Conclusion: Statistical analysis reveals no significant influence of age, gender, civil status, employment status, or monthly household income on ALS performance. These findings contribute valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and stakeholders aiming to enhance the inclusivity and effectiveness of ALS in addressing diverse educational needs.

Keywords: Academic Performance, Alternative Learning System (ALS), Demographic Characteristics, Effectiveness, Inclusivity

Alcantara, Tracy Troby P., Universidad de Sta. Isabel

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st240  

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the level of implementation of school-based management on work motivation and job satisfaction of teachers in the Naga City Division -North District IV.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive and correlational design using surveys to determine the influence between the variables. This study was conducted at Naga City Division -North District IV for Elementary and Secondary Teachers with  150 respondents resulting in a response rate of approximately 85.71%. 

Results: The results reveal that the level of implementation of School-Based Management (SBM) has a moderate positive correlation with teachers’ work motivation (r = 0.514) and job satisfaction (r = 0.429)

Conclusion: Implementation of school-based management significantly influence teachers work motivation and job satisfaction.

Keywords: school-based management, work motivation, job satisfaction

Arcilla, Meca Ella P., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st244

Abstract

Aim: This research determined the effect of instructional feedback practices on teacher job satisfaction. 

Methodology: This research utilized a descriptive-evaluative-correlational design to examine the impact of principals' feedback on teachers' job satisfaction. A total enumeration sample of 118 teachers from 11 elementary schools in Milaor District was used to ensure thorough data collection.

Results: Instructional feedback was rated Very High, with top scores in Feedback Quality (6.46), Source Credibility (6.43), and Feedback Delivery (6.15). Teachers had high job satisfaction in Supervision (5.28), Nature of Work (5.19), and Colleagues (5.14) but lower in Pay (3.78), Fringe Benefits (3.24), and Operating Procedures (3.18). Pearson correlation showed a strong positive correlation with supervision satisfaction (r = .600), moderate with communication (r = .442), and low with nature of job (r = .286). No significant correlation was found with salary (r = -.014) or operational procedures (r = -.039). One-Way ANOVA showed feedback significantly influenced supervision and communication but had little effect on financial and policy aspects.

Conclusion: Instructional feedback was rated very high, particularly in quality, credibility, and delivery. There is a strong positive correlation between instructional feedback and supervision satisfaction, a moderate correlation with communication satisfaction, and a low correlation with nature of job satisfaction. However, no significant correlation was found with salary or operational procedures. While feedback enhances job satisfaction in professional aspects, its impact on financial and policy-related areas is minimal.

Keywords: instructional feedback, job satisfaction, professional development

Santos-Soganub, Kristelle, & Accad, Mildred F., Pedro P. Santos Memorial Elementary School, Sultan Kudarat State University

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st239

Abstract

Aim: Transformation in education includes integrating artificial intelligence, enhancing teaching competencies, and administrating administrative tasks that require highly skilled and competent teachers to utilize technological tools in the classroom and save more time from other administrative work. This study aimed to assess the readiness of revolutionizing education, the level of instructional automation, and the extent of assessment measures utilized in rural elementary schools and their significant interconnectedness by looking at the perspectives of teachers and learners. 

Methodology: The study employed a descriptive evaluative design and correlational research design; utilizing a researcher-made questionnaire.The study was conducted among 129 teachers and 220 learners in 13 elementary schools of North President Quirino District for the school year 2024-2025. The data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).

Results: The data reveals that both teachers and learners are highly ready to revolutionize education, with an overall mean of 3.76 for teachers and 4.08 for learners. A strong level of instructional leverage among teachers and learners with overall mean of 4.00 for teachers and 3.97 for learners. For the extent of assessment measures utilized in North President Quirino District findings show an overall mean of 3.93 for teachers and 4.14 for learners, both interpreted as high extent. Furthermore, there is a strong positive correlation (r) of 0.688 for teachers and a very strong positive correlation with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.874 for the learners between revolutionizing education and leveraging instructional automation. A very strong positive correlation between revolutionizing education and interactive assessment , as indicated on the correlation coefficient of (r) 0.888 for teachers and (r) 0.691 for the learners.  Moreover, there is a significant difference on teachers and learners’ response on revolutionizing education with an f-value of 1.644 and a p-value of .042;  f-value of 1.836  and a p-value of .015 for instructional automation; and an f-value of 2.499 and a p-value of 0.001.  

Conclusion: The study findings reveal that rural elementary schools exhibit moderate to high readiness for educational transformation, particularly through AI integration, enhanced teaching competencies, and automated administrative tasks. Strengths lie in strategic planning and professional development, though resource allocation and collaboration with tech firms remain challenges. Instructional automation improves efficiency in teaching and administration but raises concerns about reduced teacher-learner interactions, highlighting the need for a balanced approach. Assessment methods remain diverse, with pen-and-paper tests complemented by computer-aided, game-based, and practical exams, the latter excelling in real-world application. A strong positive relationship exists between education reform, instructional automation, and interactive assessments. However, a gap in perception between teachers and learners highlights the need for better training and collaboration to ensure shared ownership of educational advancements.

Keywords: revolutionizing education, instructional automation, interactive assessment, artificial intelligence, teaching competencies

Renzales, Jenede M., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga Inc., Elias Angeles St., Naga City, Philippines

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st245

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine the readiness of basic education schools in implementing the MATATAG Curriculum of the Department of Education. It specifically examined the level of readiness in three aspects: Orientation and Capacity Building, Teaching and Learning Process, and Funding Requirements. 

Methodology: A descriptive research design was employed to measure school readiness factors using a survey instrument and statistical analysis. An evaluative design was used to determine significant differences in readiness levels across the three school resources. The study involved 64 teacher participants and 81 GPTA officers of San Pascual North District, with data gathered through surveys.

Results: Teachers rated the Teaching and Learning Process at 3.27 (Very High), Orientation and Capacity Building at 3.26 (Very High), and Funding Requirements at 2.94 (High). The overall rating by teachers was 3.16 (High). GPTA officers rated the Teaching and Learning Process at 3.42 (Very High), Orientation and Capacity Building at 3.34 (Very High), and Funding Requirements at 3.23 (High). The overall rating by GPTA officers was 3.33 (Very High).

Conclusion: Schools are highly ready to implement the MATATAG Curriculum. Teaching and Learning Process and Orientation and Capacity Building are at a very high readiness level, while Funding Requirements are rated high, indicating financial constraints. Moreover, GPTA officers as observers, rated school readiness slightly higher than teachers, suggesting differences in perspective. Despite strong preparation, funding remains a key challenge that may be addressed for sustained and effective curriculum implementation. Strengthening financial support and collaboration between stakeholders is essential for full readiness and long-term success.

Keywords: MATATAG Curriculum, Curriculum Adaptation, Teacher and GPTA Involvement

Carvajal, Adrian Lawrence P., Matias, Ericson Z., Sario, Jay A., & Bondoc, Bernardo, Professional Regulation Commission, Philippines / University of Perpetual Help System Dalta Las Piñas, Philippines 

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st241   

Abstract

Aim: This study explored the limitations of the traditional Triple Bottom Line (TBL) framework—People, Planet, and Profit—in guiding Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and assessed the viability of an expanded model integrating Purpose, Partnerships, and Policy. The research aimed to determine the extent to which the additional three dimensions contribute to the effectiveness and sustainability of CSR initiatives and whether demographic and professional profiles influence perceptions of this expanded framework. The study also sought to identify strategic recommendations to enhance CSR implementation in the Philippine context.

Methodology: A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing a structured survey administered to 150 respondents involved in CSR activities across diverse industries. The questionnaire captured demographic and professional data, as well as perceptions of the traditional and expanded CSR models. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and ANOVA to determine relationships between variables.

Results: The findings revealed widespread agreement on the limitations of the TBL framework, particularly its short-term focus and misalignment with real community needs. Statistically significant and positive correlations were found between the new dimensions—Purpose, Partnerships, and Policy—and CSR effectiveness. No significant differences were observed across respondents’ age, gender, educational background, or CSR role, indicating a universal acceptance of the 6Ps model.

Conclusion:  The study concluded that the integration of Purpose, Partnerships, and Policy significantly strengthens CSR’s strategic alignment, inclusivity, and impact. It recommends institutionalizing the 6Ps framework in CSR policies, strengthening multi-sector partnerships, enhancing governance structures, and investing in standardized impact assessment tools. These recommendations aim to promote a shift from compliance-based CSR to a transformative, ethical, and community-centered approach to sustainability.

Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Triple Bottom Line, Partnerships, Policy, Purpose

Renzales, Jerydhel M., Universidad De Sta. Isabel de Naga Inc.

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st246

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the learning achievement of students at San Pascual National High School, which operates under a double-shift class system, compared to students from five neighboring schools with regular class schedules. The research focused on student performance in literacy and numeracy assessments, alongside general academic performance over three consecutive school years.

Methodology: This study employed a quantitative research design using descriptive statistics to analyze literacy, numeracy, and academic performance. A comparative approach is used to examine differences between students in regular and double-shift classes over three school years.

Results: Findings reveal that both students in double shift classes and those in regular classes consistently demonstrated low proficiency levels in literacy and numeracy across the three-year period.

Conclusion: The findings highlight significant learning gaps in both regular and double-shift classes, with students consistently scoring at the Emerging level in literacy and Needs Major Support in numeracy.

Keywords: Double-shift Class, Regular Class, Literacy, Numeracy, Learning Achievement

Carranceja, Emma A., & Azuelo, Maria Cristina C., Department of Education-Schools Division Office of Camarines Norte / Camarines Norte State College 

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st242

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine the school-based management (SBM) practices and level of performance of Daet South District as the basis for the training program.

Methodology: The study utilized the quantitative method of research, specifically descriptive-correlational design. The sources of data were the teachers of Daet South District elementary schools.

Results: Majority of the schools subjected in the study are medium schools with a total of seven schools. Meanwhile, the rest were two small schools and one large school. Furthermore, majority of the teachers in the schools have units in Masters with a total of 83 teachers. On the other hand, majority of schools have 10 trainings and above. The schools of Daet South District attained the highest performance in SBM practices in the core component of accountability and continuous improvement while the least performance in SBM was attained in the component of curriculum and learning. The profile of the schools and the SBM practices along leadership and governance obtained no significant relationship between the variables considered except for the profile along school’s classification. The results further revealed that the profile of the schools and their SBM practices along curriculum and learning obtained significant relationship along school’s classification (d=.397, p-value<.05), number of faculty members (d=-.115, p-value<.05), and number of enrollees (d=-.132, p-value<.05) at 0.05 significant level.  However, other profile such as MOOE, educational attainment of the faculty members and number of trainings are not significantly related to the SBM practices along curriculum and learning.  

Conclusion: 1) The enrolment rate, number of teachers, annual MOOE, and the training conducted are significantly dependent on the school size or school classification.; 2) The schools were found to have similar levels of engagement in school-based management practices, which were identified as a strong level of engagement, and the least SBM practice was in terms of curriculum and learning.; The highest degree of performance of schools in SBM practices was manifested in accountability and continuous improvement;  3) School classification was the major predictor of the significant relationship between SBM practices and the profile of schools.;  4) The lack of community-based resource management mostly challenges the implementation of school-based management. 5) The proposed training program focused on addressing the first three challenges in SBM practices.

Keywords:  School-Based Management Practices, leadership, governance, curriculum and learning, accountability 

Torallo, Sheryll L., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga Inc., Naga City, Philippines

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st247

Abstract

Aim: Deaf individuals are often misperceived as isolated or cognitively impaired, overlooking that deafness is an invisible sensory condition. Such misconceptions perpetuate stigma, misinformation, and barriers to inclusion. This study examined the lived experiences of Deaf individuals in the Bicol Region, highlighting their challenges and coping strategies in navigating a predominantly hearing society.

Methodology: This qualitative phenomenological study employed Colaizzi's Analysis Method, using in-depth interviews with 11 Deaf adults (aged 27–48) facilitated by Sign Language Interpreters (SLIs). The participants were selected through purposive sampling.

Results: Findings revealed that Deaf participants faced significant challenges due to communication barriers, affecting family relationships, education, employment, healthcare, and social interactions. They experienced isolation and exclusion due to limited family sign language proficiency, inaccessible education, workplace discrimination, and inadequate healthcare access. Despite these challenges, resilience emerged through self-advocacy, alternative communication strategies, community support, and technology, particularly messaging apps and video calls.

Conclusion: Communication barriers limit opportunities for Deaf individuals, resulting in exclusion and economic hardship. Achieving true inclusivity requires systemic reforms, such as accessible education, workplace accommodations, and improved healthcare services. Fostering awareness, implementing inclusive policies, and promoting accessible communication tools are essential to genuine empowerment, equality, and diversity across all sectors.

Keywords: Communication Barriers, Coping Mechanisms, Deaf, Inclusion, Life Struggles, Resilience, Systemic Reforms 

Alimorong, Ana B., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga Inc., Philippines 

https://doi.org/10.63498/nxz2st243

Abstract

Aim: The internationalization of Teacher Education Programs (TEPs) is a crucial strategy for enhancing global competence, fostering cross-cultural collaboration, and aligning educational standards with international benchmarks. This study explores the extent of internationalization along four domains, challenges, sustainability issues, opportunities, and management strategies associated with the internationalization of TEPs in private higher education institutions in the Philippines. It examines key factors such as accreditation, curriculum alignment, faculty, and student mobility, language and cultural barriers, and sustainability initiatives. By analyzing best practices and policy frameworks, this research provides insights into effective strategies for strengthening the global competitiveness of teacher education programs in private higher education institutions.

Methodology: This study utilized the Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Design to ensure the accuracy and depth of data in achieving the research objectives. The quantitative phase employed a descriptive research design, using a structured survey adapted from Balagtas et al. (2012) to assess the extent of internationalization, challenges, sustainability issues, and opportunities in higher education institutions (HEIs) offering Teacher Education Programs. Statistical analysis, including mean calculations, was conducted to identify trends in internationalization efforts. In the qualitative phase, interviews were conducted with selected respondents to gain deeper insights into the factors influencing internationalization, institutional strategies, and sustainability efforts. 

Results: The findings indicate that the overall extent of internationalization of the Teacher Education Program in Private Higher Education Institutions falls within the High (H) category, with a total mean score of 2.95. Among the four domains, Quality and Excellence (3.18) and Knowledge Creation and Application (3.05) were the strongest areas, both classified as High (H), demonstrating a strong commitment to academic standards, research, and innovation. On the other hand, Growth, Efficiency, and Accountability (2.85) and Culture of Sharing and Service (2.71), while still categorized as High (H), scored lower in comparison. This suggests that while institutions have made progress in internationalization, there is still room for improvement, particularly in fostering collaboration, service-oriented initiatives, and institutional effectiveness in sustaining internationalization efforts. The F-value of 2.413 corresponds to a p-value (Sig.) of 0.066. The p-value exceeds 0.05, indicating that there are no statistically significant differences in the extent of implementation among the four domains.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Teacher Education Program in Private Higher Education Institutions (PHEIs) implements internationalization at relatively similar levels across the four domains—Knowledge Creation and Application, Quality and Excellence, Culture of Sharing and Service, and Growth, Efficiency, and Accountability. The absence of significant differences in implementation indicates that institutions are making comparable efforts in these areas. However, this uniformity does not necessarily imply that internationalization is being fully optimized. Instead, it points to systemic barriers that may be preventing institutions from advancing more significantly in any particular domain.                                                                                            

Keywords: Internationalization, Teacher Education Programs, Private Higher Education Institutions, Challenges, Sustainability Issues, and Opportunities

Abella, Mizraim L., Alcover, Aira Marie A., Alimurung, Ma. Christina T., Baloro, Aiza C., Cimafranca, Lorie Ann T., Mago, Hanz C., Matadero, Jasmin L., Senicolas, Sarah D., Temlor, Kylene A., Botanas, Stella Marie D., Adorable, Cirilo A., Alqueza, Jessalyn M., & Jugadora, Valerie Jane B., University of the Visayas Toledo City Campus, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined to unveil the digital payment preferences of the customers in Toledo City among GCash, PayMaya, and PayPal using Technology Acceptance Model by Davis (1989), as cited by Wibowo (2019).

Methodology: This study used a descriptive, comparative and correlational design using surveys to determine which of the three platforms thus the customers/users preferred. This study was conducted at Toledo City, Cebu with 384 respondents. Purposive sampling was employed with the criteria that they had an experience using the three platforms, were 18 years and above, and were willing to participate in the study.

Results: GCash had the highest overall weighted mean in terms of how the users perceived its usefulness (5.24), ease of use (5:31), attitude towards using (5.28), and behavioral intention to use (5:40). GCash also noted as the preffered digital payment in the area opting a highest frequency in their actual use (347 out of 384). Difference were found in the perceived ease of use and usfulness among Gcash and PayPal (p-value= 0.001). With a correlation coefficient (p) of 0.826, 0.846, and 0.798, there is a very strong positive correlation (GCash, and PayMaya) and strong positive correlation (PayPal) between users' perceived usefulness and behavioral intention to use. Furthermore, there is a very strong and positive correlation between users' perceoved ease of use and behavioral intention to use, as indicated by the correlation coefficient of (p) 0.864, 0.887, and 0.853. .   Moreover, there is also a very strong and positive correlation (p = 0.894, 0.908, and 0.879) on the the relationship between the users' attitude towards using and behavioral intention to use it.

Conclusion: This study revealed a distinct preference for GCash among digital payment users in Toledo City, with GCash surpassing PayMaya and PayPal in perceived usefulness, ease of use, and users attitude towards using, resulting in a higher inclination to use the platform. As significant difference were found between the users’ perceived ease of use and usefulness among GCash, PayMaya, and PayPal. There is a strong positive correlation between users’ perceived usefulness and behavioral intention to use it. Furthermore, there is a very strong and positive correlation between the users perceived ease of use and behavioral intention to use it. Moreover, there is also a very strong and positive correlation on the relationship between users’ attitude towards using and behavioral intention to use.

Keywords: comparative, correlation, digital payment, GCash, PayMaya, PayPal, Technology Acceptance Model

Concepcion, Edmharlene U., Gaffud, Oliva M., Nicolas, Karina Marie G., & Marcos, Mark Joker L.

Isabela State Unversity, Philippines

Faculty of College of Agriculture, Isabela State University, Echague, Philippines 

Faculty of School of Veterinary Medicine, Isabela State University, Echague, Philippines

Faculty of College of Agriculture, Isabela State University, Echague, Philippines

Abstract:

Aim: Quails are increasingly recognized for their potential in sustainable poultry production due to their rapid growth, high egg production, and adaptability to various rearing systems. Covid- 19 Pandemic has brought disruption of primary source protein sources such as fishmeal and soybean meal. This makes it necessary to search for alternative sources of protein source feed ingredient without sacrificing quality of produce. Insect meals as alternative sources of poultry feedstuff is a recent topic. Therefore, the study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of Superworm (Zophobas morio) Larvae Meal in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) diets on productive performance and egg quality indices. 

Methodology: The study was laid out out following the completely randomized design and utilized the following treatments with Treatment 1- Formulated ration without Superworm Meal larvae (SML), Treatment 2- 5% Superworm Meal larvae (SML), Treatment 3- 10% Superworm Meal larvae (SML), Treatment 4- 15% Superworm Meal larvae (SML), Treatment 5- 20% Superworm Meal larvae (SML). A total of Three Hundred (300) apparent healthy unsexed day-old Japanese quail birds were used within a four (4) weeks of the experimental trial.

Results: Results of the study on the Weekly Body Weight (g) of Japanese Quail Fed with Super worm Larvae Meal found no significant results on the Initial and First week of the study, however on the second, third and fourth week of the study, a highly significant differences was observed within the T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups compared to T5 groups in terms of weekly body weight (g) of the Japanese quails. On the Weekly Gain in Weight (g) of Japanese Quail Fed with Super worm Larvae Meal, it was observed that the following treatment are comparably higher T1 – Formulated Ration w/o SML 25.50g, T2 – 5% SML 18.70g, T3 – 10% SML 18.25g, T4 – 15% SML 18.25g, respectively compared to T5 – 20% SML with only 7.58g gain in weight. In terms of the cumulative gain weight of Japanese quail it was sought that maximum value was found on T2 – 68.53g, followed by T3 – 68.17g, T1 – 67.73g, T4 – 63.25g, while T5 – 28.70g showed relatively lower weight gain. Anyhow, on the second, third and fourth week of the study it was revealed by the analysis that there are no significant differences between treatments was observed on the gain in weight of Japanese quail. The Weekly Feed Consumption (g) of Japanese Quails fed with Superworm Meal were significantly affected during conduct of the experimental trail with birds in T5 (20% SML) gained lowest feed consumption. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE) of Japanese Quail Fed with Super worm Larvae Meal result showed significant result in terms of the Feed conversion ratio of Japanese quails having T3 (5.08) being good in conversion feed to lean, followed by T2 (5.25), T1 (5.46), T4 (5.85) and T5 (11.20) having the least favorable in terms of feed utilization. Same result was sought on the Feed Conversion Efficiency (%) on the growing Japanese quails.

Conclusion: During the conduct of the growing trial of Japanese Quail fed with varying levels of Super worm meal it was evident that incorporation of Super worm meal significantly affected the growth performance parameters of the birds, it was also noted that inclusion of 20% Super worm meal resulted to the decrease performance in different growth parameters evaluated such as Weekly Body Weight (g), Weekly Gain in Weight (g), Weekly Feed Consumption (g), and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE) of Japanese Quail Fed with Super worm Larvae Meal. Thus, feeding varying levels of SML on the growth of Japanese quail gained high economical returns. 

Keywords: Growth, Superworm, Japanese Quail

Cabansag, Ronalyn A., Caballero, Edilyn Mae N., Librado, Charmine R., Mabalato, Angel Rose A., Santillan, Richard A., Sigue, En-En A., Gacang, Nica Jean M., Adorable, Cirilo A., Botanas, Stella Marie D., Alqueza, Jessalyn M., & Perrater, Renna B. 

University of the Visayas Toledo City Campus, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to compare TikTok Shop, Lazada, and Shopee to determine which platform had the highest frequency of impulse buying behaviors among users in Toledo City, Cebu. 

Methodology: This study used a descriptive, comparative and correlational design using surveys to determine which of the three platforms had the highest levels of impulse buying. This study was conducted in Toledo City, Cebu, with 384 respondents. Purposive sampling was employed, with the criteria that respondents had used or had experience using the three e-commerce platforms and were 18 years old or above. 

Results: The result indicates a strong preference for Shopee among the surveyed group of online shoppers. A comparison of the factors such as environment, promotion, payment, product, and availability reveal significant differences between TikTok Shop, Lazada, and Shopee, with a p-value of <.001. With a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.480, there is a moderate positive correlation between environment and impulse buying behavior. There is a moderate positive correlation (r) of 0.429, between promotion and impulse buying behavior. Also, there is a moderate positive correlation (r) of 0.518, between payment and impulse buying behavior. There is a strong positive correlation (r) of 0.542, between product and impulse buying behavior. There is a strong positive correlation (r) of 0.368, between availability and affective organism. Furthermore, there is a moderate correlation of (r) -0.527, between affective state and impulse buying behavior.

Conclusion: Shopee was the leading e-commerce platform, significantly influencing consumer impulse buying compared to TikTok Shop and Lazada. 

Keywords: Impulse Buying, E-commerce Platform, Comparative, Correlation

Girpo, Emily N., College of Public Administration and Governance, Tarlac State University, Tarlac City, Tarlac

Abstract

Aim: The present study looked into the harmonization of admission and registration policies among state universities and colleges and delved to see the similarities, differences, complications, strategies, and the potential outcomes of such endeavors. It examined different university guidelines on admission and registration, comparative analyses, and best practices from diverse educational systems which aims to shed light on the complexities of harmonization and offer insights for policymakers, administrators, and researchers working towards a more unified and equitable higher education landscape.

Methodology: To achieve the main goal of the study, the researcher used the quantitative comparative research design. The descriptive comparative study aimed to describe and compare the harmonization of policies in admission and registration based on 29 policies. The study was conducted among state universities and colleges in Central Luzon, Philippines. There was a total of 105 respondents who work in admission and registration participated in this survey as respondents.

Results: The study reveals that harmonizing admission and registration policies across state universities and colleges (SUCs) can bring significant benefits to both institutions and students. The most frequently cited benefit is increased accessibility for students, with 86.67% of respondents identifying it as a significant advantage. Streamlining processes and enhancing quality assurance are also major benefits. Better coordination between institutions and facilitating student transfer are also important benefits.

Conclusion: Understanding the harmonized admission and registration policies of SUCs can help improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public service delivery by streamlining processes and removing bureaucratic barriers. This can be accomplished by implementing a uniform admission system and standardized registration procedures. These solutions can significantly reduce administrative expenses, save time for both students and faculty, and boost overall satisfaction.

Keywords: Harmonization, Admission, Registration, SUCs, Policies

Lara, Jose Alejandro Constantino L., Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The main objective of this study is to determine the significant factors that influence the college degree preference of grade 12 students in the selected public high schools, Division of Manila City.

Methodology: The study, which utilized the descriptive method, had 385 students. Stratified random sampling techniques were employed and data were gathered through a survey questionnaire.

Results: The study revealed that the majority of the students chose the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) related program at the tertiary level. The group of respondents who will enroll in STEM-related programs and non-STEM-related programs both agreed that they were not so much anxious in mathematics towards their preferred college degree. IMost of the respondents under both groups were moderately confident in mathematics about their preferred college degree. The respondents who will pursue both STEM and Non-STEM related programs agreed that personality, interest, and job opportunity influenced them to recognize their preferred college degree. Lastly, the said group of respondents considered parental involvement and peer influence as not influential towards their preferred college degree. 

Conclusion: The respondents prefer STEM-related programs such as Engineering, Medicine related fields, and Architecture. The respondents who chose non-STEM-related programs and STEM-related programs agreed that they feel moderately confident at the same time, not so much anxious about mathematics. They also agreed that personality, interest, and job opportunities influenced them in choosing their desired programs. Moreover, these groups also found that parental involvement and peer factors have less influence when it comes to college degree preference.

Keywords: College degree preference, mathematics anxiety, mathematics self-efficacy, personality, parental involvement, interest, job opportunity, peer, binary logistic regression

Napao, Febbie B., Saint Joseph Institute of Technology, Butuan City, Philippines

Abstrak

Layunin: Ang pag-aaral na ito ay layong makabuo ng programang magpapaunlad sa kakayahan ng mga guro na di-medyor sa Filipino at alamin ang mga kakulangan sa pagsasanay at mga pagkakataon sa propesyonal na pag-unlad para sa mga guro ng wika na hindi nagsipagtapos ng Filipino, na may layuning magbigay ng mahalagang kaalaman para sa pagpabuti ng pagtuturo ng wika sa Timog-Kanlurang Distrito at maging sa Dibisyon ng Butuan.

Metodolohiya: Ang pag-aaral na ito ay gumamit ng deskriptib - debelopmental na   pamamaraan upang ilarawan ang proseso ng pagdidisenyo at ipaliwanag ang proseso ng pagbuo ng programa. Kasabay ng debelopmental na metodo, ginamit din ang deskriptibong pamamaraan tulad ng bilang o dami, bahagdan o porsyento, Mean Percentage Score (MPS), mean at standard deviation at talaang pagsusuri upang maanalisa at mabigyan ng interpretasyon ang mga datos na nalikom mula sa mga respondente. Ginamit din ang talatanungan para alamin ang propayl ng guro, bilang ng taon sa pagtuturo at mga nasalihang pagsasanay o programa sa pagpapaunlad ng kakayahan ng mga guro na di -medyor sa Filipino. Gayundin, sa pagsukat ng kakayahan ng guro sa pagtuturo ng Filipino ay namahagi ng tseklis sa ilang mag-aaral na siyang sumagot sa ginawang talatanungan. Ang talatanungang pagsusulit naman ang ginamit para sukatin ang kaalaman sa gramatika ng isang guro na nagtuturo ng asignaturang Filipino sa limang paaralan ng sekondarya ng Timog- Kanlurang Distrito; Bancasi Integrated School, Consuelo National High School, La Trinidad Integrated School- Secondary, Kinamlutan National High School, at Villa Kanangga Integrated School-Secondary taong panuruan 2023-2024. 

Resulta: Natukoy ang pagiging hindi mahusay o mababa ang lebel na kakayahan ng guro ayon sa pagtataya/pagsusulit. Nakakuha lamang ang mga gurong kalahok ng kabuuang MPS na 55.35% na ibig sabihin ay hindi bihasa. Napag-alaman na kaunti o iilan lamang sa mga guro na di-medyor ang nakakasali sa mga pagsasanay kaugnay sa Filipino.  Natuklasan din na ang mga guro ay hindi gaanong mahusay sa paggamit ng mga angkop na halimbawa upang ipaliwanag ang mga konseptong nauugnay sa paksa at kung paano iuugnay ang paksa sa iba’t ibang asignatura ayon sa pananaw ng mga mag-aaral. Kaya batay sa resulta, ang mananaliksik ay gumawa ng isang programa tungkol sa Pagsasanay sa Pagpapaunlad ng Kaalaman sa Gramatika, Lokalisasyon at Kontekstwalisasyon ng Asignaturang Filipino upang tugunan ang kakulangan ng guro at maging bihasa sa asignaturang itinuturo.

Konklusyon: Batay sa mga naging resulta sa pag-aaral ay karamihan sa mga tagatugon na guro ay nagtuturo ng Filipino sa loob ng isa hanggang tatlong taon, at kalimitang antas na natamong edukasyon ay Master’s Degree – CAR. Karamihan din sa kanila ay nakasali sa Pagsasanay sa Paggamit ng Teknolohiya sa Pagtuturo. Samantala, nangangailangan din na magkaroon ng Pagsasanay sa Pagpapaunlad ng Kaalaman ukol sa Wika, Panitikan at Gramatika. Inihayag sa mga naging resulta ng pag-aaral, na karamihan sa mga gurong kalahok ay hindi mahusay o mababa ang lebel ng kakayahan ayon sa pagtataya / pagsusulit. Ang programa o pagsasanay tungkol sa gramatika, lokalisasyon at kontekstwalisasyon ang kailangan upang mapaunlad ang kakayahan sa pagtuturo ng mga guro na di-medyor. Ang pamagat ng programa ay maaring "Filipino sa Kanyang Konteksto: Pagsasanay sa Pagpapaunlad ng Kaalaman sa Gramatika, Lokalisasyon, at Kontekstwalisasyon.”

Mga Susing Salita: Di-medyor,kakayahan, pagsasanay, pagtuturo, Programa

Regala, Julie Ann L., Saint Joseph Institute of Technology, Butuan City, Philippines

Abstrak

Layunin: Sa kasalukuyang panahon, kahit na umuunlad ang kakayahan ng mga kabataan sa maraming larangan, narito pa rin ang ilang hamon, lalo na sa aspеto ng pagsusulat. Madalas magkamali sa pagsusulat ng kanilang mga gawain ang mga mag-aaral na may kahinaan sa Filipino. Naglalayon ang pag-aaral na mabigyan ng masusing pagsusuri ang mga komposisyon sa pagsusulat at magbigay ng solusyon upang mapaunlad ang pagsusulat ng mga mag-aaral.

Metodolohiya: Gumamit ang mananaliksik ng Pagsusuri ng Kamalian (Error Analysis) bilang isang kasangkapang analitikal. Ang komposisyong sinuri ay isang sanaysay na ginawa ng mga mag-aaral. Ang pagsasaliksik na ito ay gumamit ng isang kombinasyon ng metodolohiya; parehong kwalitatibo at kwantitatibo. Ang nakuhang datos sa pag-aaral na ito ay kinuha mula sa guro. Ang datos ay nakuha mula sa mga partisipante sa pag-aaral na ito na mga mag-aaral mula sa isa sa pampublikong sekondarya sa Butuan City para sa taong 2023-2024 na kinabibilangan ng apat (4) na seksyon na kung saan nabibilang ang tatlumpu’t apat (34) na mag-aaral na binubuo ng dalawampu’t walong (28) lalaki at anim (6) na babae. Ang mga partisipanteng ito ay tinukoy batay sa pamantayang isinagawa ng mananaliksik na nakakuha ng markang not mastered sa mga kasanayan na nakatutok sa pagsusulat. May dalawang instrumento ang pananaliksik. Una, ang mga komposisyong nagmula sa tatlumpu’t apat (34) na mag-aaral na tatayahin gamit ang isang pamantayan. Ang pamantayan ay isang tseklist na ginawa ng mananaliksik tungkol sa kung anong mga pagkakamali ang nagawa ng mga mag-aaral batay sa baybay, gamit na salita, pang-abay, pang-angkop, pangatnig, panghalip, pang-ukol, pang-uri, panlapi, at pantukoy. Pangalawa, ang panayam. Gagawin ang panayam upang masagot ang ikalawang katanungan sa pananaliksik na ito na kung ano-ano ang mga rason kung bakit nila nagawa ang mga natukoy na kamalian sa kanilang mga komposisyon. Ang mga gabay na tanong na ginamit sa panayam ay ipinakita at pinagtibay ng mga tagapagtasa upang masiguradong ito ay tama at wasto. 

Resulta: Sa pagsusuri ng mga komposisyong isinulat ng mga partisipante, natukoy na mayroong sampung (10) uri ng kamalian sa antas ng salita. Kasama rito ang paggamit ng pang-abay, pang-uri, pangatnig, pang-ukol, panlapi, panghalip, pang-angkop, gamit ng salita, pantukoy, at maling baybay na nangunguna bilang pinakamataas na uri ng pagkakamali. Sa antas ng pangungusap naman, natukoy na may anim (6) uri ng kamalian. Kasama rito ang ayos ng mga salita, nakaligtaan (omission), aspekto ng pandiwa, pag-uulit, bantas, at paggamit ng malaking letra (capitalization) na siyang may pinakamataas na bahagdan sa lahat ng uri ng nagawang kamalian. Batay sa naging resulta ng ginawang panayam ay lumabas na may tatlong (3) mga rason kung bakit ito nagawa. Ito ay ang hindi pamilyar na salita kung saan napapaloob dito ang bokabularyo at kasanayan sa paggamit ng salita; kahandaan sa pagsusulat kung saan napapabilang ang pasibo, kasanayan sa pagsulat at pagmamadali; at ang wastong pangramatikang pagsulat kung saan napapaloob din dito epekto ng social media at gramatika at istruktura.

Konklusyon: Sa pamamagitan ng pagsusuri, matagumpay na natukoy ang iba't ibang uri ng pagkakamali sa antas ng salita at antas ng pangungusap na karaniwang nagiging hadlang sa pag-unlad ng mga mag-aaral sa pagsusulat. Binigyang-diin din ng pananaliksik ang mga rason kung bakit nagkakaroon ng mga pagkakamali, mula sa hindi pamilyar na mga salita hanggang sa wastong pagramatikang pagsulat. Ang mga natuklasang impormasyon ay magsisilbing gabay sa pagpapabuti ng proseso ng pagtuturo at pagkatuto sa pagsusulat. Bukod dito, makatutulong din ito sa paghahanda ng mga mag-aaral para sa mas mataas na antas ng edukasyon at sa kanilang hinaharap na mga landas sa buhay.

Mga Susing Salita: Pagsusuri, Komposisyon, Pagsusulat, Kamalian

Laureles, Leslie T., & Balba, Neil P., Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas / Lyceum of the Philippines University-Laguna

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the application of a machine learning-based visual inspection system for surface defect detection in refurbished mobile phones to improve quality assurance processes in remanufacturing.

Methodology: A descriptive-developmental research design was used. Data collection included stakeholder interviews, historical defect data, and test evaluations. The prototype system was tested for defect detection using performance indicators such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score.

Results: The system achieved an accuracy rate of 94.5%, with consistent performance across various test scenarios. It significantly outperformed manual inspection processes in detecting surface scratches.

Conclusion: The study highlights the potential of machine learning in automating quality assurance processes and recommends its integration into remanufacturing workflows to enhance efficiency and reliability. 

Keywords: quality assurance, machine learning, defect detection, remanufacturing, cellphone refurbishment

Aguilario, Rejen D., & Zaragoza, Shella Q., Poblacion, San Rafael, Iloilo, Philippines 

Abstract

Aim: This action research was conducted to determine the numeracy level of grade 8- learners of Ilongbukid National High School using Project NUMEROS handled by Project BERT (Batang Edukado, may Respeto at Talino) volunteers for the School Year 2023-2024.

Methodology: The study used a combination of quantitative and qualitative research since it utilized both descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. For quantitative research, it used and utilized one-group pretest-post test experimental research design. It was analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. For qualitative research, it utilized face-to-face interviews,  journal makings and observations. It was analyzed through thematic analysis.

Result: The findings revealed that the numeracy level of grade 8 learners before the intervention was “low proficient” (M=11.8333 & SD= 3.2258) while after using project NUMEROS was nearly proficient  (M=24.8750 & SD=4.6468). Findings in qualitative approach led to “positive perception” of the grade 8 learners towards project NUMEROS. It developed their foundation and basic skills to understand mathematical concepts.

Conclusion:  The researchers concluded that project NUMEROS  benefited the non- numerate learners to learn the basic concepts of Mathematics to the fullest. These finding developed plans and programs such as integrative program instruction, community plan partnership with the stakeholders in teaching Mathematics, and capability building in crafting contextualized instructional worksheets and materials used for non- numerate Learners. 

Keywords:  Numeracy Gap, Project NUMEROS, Project BERT

Bustamante, May Ann C., National University Laguna

Abstract

Aim: Enhancing student participation, classroom rapport, and diversity continues to be a crucial concern in educational environments. In order to address these problems, the study intended to systematically execute morning circle activities.

Methodology: The research investigated the use, difficulties, and sustainability of morning circle routines and socio-emotional interventions using a mixed methods methodology called the Sequential Exploratory Model. Participating instructors ranged across grade levels from kindergarten to twelfth, and they offered their perspectives through questionnaires, focus groups, interviews, and observations.

Results: The combined results show that morning circle activities greatly improve classroom atmosphere by encouraging diversity, security, trust, and respect for one another. Pupils were more engaged and participated in class as a result of teachers reporting better relationships with their pupils and a stronger sense of community. Thoughtful decision- making and mindfulness techniques were among the areas the study found that needed improvement. 

Conclusion: For the purpose of maximizing the execution of morning circle activities, specific interventions and cooperative efforts are suggested. The significance of morning circle practices in promoting holistic student well-being was highlighted by correlation studies, which revealed strong positive connections between them and numerous elements of student development as well as socio-emotional techniques.

Keywords: Morning Circle Routines, Social Emotional Strategies, Classroom Rapport, Inclusivity, Student Participation

Cagas, Rosalyn S., Laguna State Polytechnic University 

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to describe the functionality of DaNaHay (Dayap Nasyonal Hayskul) School Governance Council (SGC), focusing on shared governance techniques and feedback mechanisms in the School Year 2023-2024.

Methodology: This study employed descriptive research to assess DaNaHay SGC functionality. The study targeted 14 SGC members and utilized the School Governance Council Functionality Assessment Tool (SGC FAT) from the Department of Education Central Office with 12 indicators and 19 sub-indicators. Data collection involved respondents evaluating indicators as "YES" or "NO," submitting supporting Means of Verifications (MOVs) for satisfied indicators, level of functionality, and effectiveness, and considering SGCs functional if meeting 10/12 (≥80%) of indicators.

Results: The DaNaHay SGC achieved 7/8 (88%) Highly Functional in shared governance, exhibiting strengths in organizational structure, regular meetings, comprehensive documentation, and active participation in School Improvement Plan (SIP) and Annual Improvement Plan (AIP) development. The DaNaHay SGC also demonstrated 3/4 (75%) Highly Effective in feedback mechanisms, showcasing established communication channels, systematic feedback collection, and stakeholder engagement forums. Key areas for improvement include ineffective communication with the Local Government Unit (LGU) and community and insufficient transparency due to underutilized communication platforms.

Conclusion: The Department of Education's Central Office considers School Governance Councils (SGCs) functional if they meet at least 10 out of 12 or 80% of set indicators. The DaNaHay (Dayap Nasyonal Hayskul) School Governance Council (SGC) stands out as one of the two prime examples in the Schools Division of Laguna, achieving 10/12 (83%), which demonstrates high functionality and effectiveness in functionality indicators, comprising 7/8 (88%) in shared governance indicators and 3/4 (75%) in feedback mechanism indicators. The DaNaHay SGC exhibits strengths in organizational structure, regular meetings, documentation, school development participation, stakeholder engagement, and feedback mechanisms. However, limitations exist in LGU communication and transparency.

Keywords: School Governance Council, Shared Governance, Feedback Mechanism, Education Quality, stakeholder engagement, decentralization, Philippines.

Palo, Jannoel B., Bicol College, Inc., Daraga, Albay, Philippines 

Abstract

Aim: Violence Against Women (VAW) remains a global issue, encompassing as physical, sexual, psychological, and economic abuse in intimate relationships. In the Philippines, Republic Act 9262, or the Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children Act, addresses these forms of violence. This study investigated the factors contributing to Violence Against Women and Children (VAWC) in Naga City, Camarines Sur, focusing on reported cases under RA 9262 from 2020 to 2023.

Methodology: The research employed qualitative methods, including document analysis and in-depth interviews with key stakeholders such as personnel from the Naga City Social Welfare and Development Office and local police stations. Thematic analysis was used to examine socio-economic stressors, cultural influences, and gaps in legal and emotional support that contribute to VAWC.

Results: The study identified that socio-economic challenges, entrenched cultural norms, and insufficient legal and emotional support systems are key factors perpetuating physical, psychological, sexual, and economic abuse in intimate relationships. The findings underscore the need for community-level responses, such as economic empowerment programs, school-based awareness campaigns, and digital outreach efforts, to address VAWC effectively.

Conclusion: This study highlights the critical role of tailored community interventions and the enhanced enforcement of RA 9262 in mitigating VAWC in Naga City. Recommendations include improving law enforcement training, developing economic support initiatives for affected women, and ensuring continuous evaluation of prevention and support strategies. These efforts aim to promote culturally sensitive and sustainable solutions to combat violence against women and children.

Keywords: Violence Against Women (VAW), Republic Act 9262, Contributory Factors, Naga City, Community Interventions

Gontang, Maria G., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Elias Angeles St., Naga City, Philippines 

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the leadership resiliency and adaptability of Public Schools District Supervisors, School Heads, and teachers and their effectiveness on crisis management in multigrade schools in the Fifth Congressional District, Camarines Sur Division. This study determined the relationship between leadership resiliency and adaptability levels of School Heads. It also determined the relationship between the degree of crisis management, leadership resiliency, and adaptability of School Heads.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive-correlational research design. The descriptive method was used to find out the extent of leadership resiliency as rated by the teachers and School Heads of multigrade schools in the Fifth Congressional District (Rinconada Area), Division of Camarines Sur along: a. Modular Distance Learning, b. Budget Allocations, c. Parental Involvement, and d. Technological Advancement. To find out the level of adaptability of School Heads and teachers along with four areas: a. Curriculum and Instructions, b. School Financial Management, c. Parental Involvement, and d. Technological Advancement, the researcher also used the descriptive method. The same method was used to find out the degree of effectiveness of crisis management along with: a. Safe Learning Facilities, b. School Disaster Management, and c. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) in Education. The correlational aspect of this research lies in testing the following hypotheses, that there was a significant relationship between leadership resiliency and adaptability. There was a significant relationship between the degree of crisis management and leadership resiliency and adaptability. The collection and analysis of quantitative data were done using a modified survey questionnaire.

Results: Analyzed data revealed that all indicators under the extent of leadership resiliency, adaptability, and crisis management were obtained with ratings of a ‘Very High’. All variables were found statistically significant relationship (Pearson r > 0.05).

Conclusion: Respondents were very resilient, transformative, and highly effective along with the Leadership Resiliency, Adaptability, and Crisis Management of School Heads and teachers. There is a significant relationship between Leadership Resiliency and Adaptability of School Heads. There is a significant relationship between Crisis Management and Leadership Resiliency and Adaptability. 

Keywords: Leadership Resiliency, Adaptability, Crisis Management

Gatchalian, Jomar S., Pasco, Rossinie T., Camo, Jennica L., Alcoriza, Rose Ann S., Manaloto, Allan M., Gabriel, Jerome D.R, San Roque National High School, Paombong, Bulacan, Philippines / Bulacan State University, City of Malolos, Bulacan, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education (BTLEd) students in new normal education. It also described participants' recommendations for better learning and survival in the new normal education system. 

Methods: A descriptive phenomenological research design was used in the study. Data were gathered from 20 participants at different year levels from the Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education Program. It was collected through individual, semi-structured interviews with the main question, "Tell me your learning experiences in new normal education." It utilized the phenomenological analysis method of Colaizzi (1978). 

Results: Findings revealed major themes, which included: (1) Abrupt Transition of Education System; (2) Unfiltered Experiences: Faces of New Normal Education ;(3) Learning Routine: The Educational Pattern of the Students and (4) Enlightening the Path: Enriching the Students in New Normal Education, and minor themes of the 2nd, specifically: (a) The Roller Coaster Adventure in the New Normal; and (b) Wiping Off: Dealing with the Challenges. Minor themes of the 3rd, specifically: (a) Learning Routines of Students Before, During, and After Online Class. 

Conclusion: The abrupt transition from face-to-face to new normal education created an unforeseen setting that resulted in negative experiences for participants who faced various challenges. Along with that, positive experiences emerged as they learned to cope with the current situation. To deal with the changes, students have developed a diverse learning routine to balance their responsibility as students and as part of their families.  

Keywords: New Normal Education, BTLEd students, Learning Routine, Descriptive Phenomenology, Education

Bulanadi, Kristine Jade, Trinity University of Asia, Quezon City, Philippines / UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Abstract

Aim: This research determined the clinical stressors, coping behaviors, and job performance of ICU nurses in tertiary hospitals in the Philippines.  

Methods:  The study utilized a descriptive-correlational research approach. The respondents include ICU nurses (n = 219). Open-access, modified, validated, and self-administered survey questionnaires were used by the study to collect data. The items utilized to assess the nurses were from Perceived Stress Scale, the Coping Behaviors Inventory, and the Clinical Nurse Performance, all of which are on a four-point Likert scale. 

Results: The study revealed a significant positive relationship between clinical stressors and job performance among the ICU nurses’ respondents and there is also a significant relationship observed between coping behavior and job performance among the ICU nurse respondents. 

Conclusions: The analysis revealed the full-scale predictive relationship between clinical stressors, behavioral coping, and overall job performance in ICU nurses. This underscores the importance of considering both stressors and coping mechanisms in understanding and improving overall task performance in high-stress environments such as ICUs.

Keywords: clinical stressors; coping behaviors; job performance; ICU nurses; diverse nationalities

Galino, Marichel F., Sultan Kudarat State University, Lungsod ng Tacurong

Abstrak

Layunin: Ang pananaliksik na ito ay naglalayong malaman ang antas ng pagkatuto ng mga mag-aaral sa akdang pampanitikan gamit ang estratehiya sa pagtuturo sa Baitang Pito ng Mataas na Paaralang Pambansa ng President Quirino.

Metodolohiya: Eksperimental na disenyo ang ginamit ng mananaliksik. Sangkot dito ang dalawang grupo ng respondente. Ang grupong kontrolado at sa grupong eksperimental ay may tatlong grupo. Ito ay ang grupong Bottom-up, Top-down, at Interaktibo. Kinuha sila upang tayain ang bisa ng Estratehiyang Bottom-up, Top-down, at Interaktibo sa pagtuturo at pagkatuto ng mga akdang pampanitikan gamit ang instrumentong pauna at panghuling pagsusulit. (Pretest at Post test) batay sa mga aralin sa ikatlo at ikaapat na markahan. Ibinibigay ito ng mananaliksik sa mga mag-aaral bago at matapos ang pagtuturo. 

Resulta: Parehong naging makabuluhan ang pagkakaiba ng pauna at panghuling pagsusulit ng eksperimental at kontroladong grupo. Parehong naging mabisa ang pagtuturong isinagawa - tradisyonal at makabagong estratehiya. Naging makabuluhan ang resulta ng kompyutasyon ng ANOVA kaya naman ang pagtuturong ginamitan ng makabagong estratehiya ay may kaibahan ang antas ng pagkatuto sa pagtuturong gumamit ng tradisyonal na pamamaraan.

Konklusyon: Masasabing mainam na gamitin ang makabagong estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng aralin sa Filipino. 

Mga Susing Salita: Estratehiya, Pagtuturo, Akdang  Pampanitikan 

Magnampo, Criselda A., University de Sta Isabel de Naga, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to assessed the degree of academic optimism and organizational climate in  schools, examined their relationship, identified significant differences, and determined contributing factors. Additionally, it sought to provide recommendations to enhance both academic optimism and school climate.

Methodology: This study employed a descriptive-correlational design to analyze the organizational climate and academic optimism of secondary schools in the Bicol Speaking District. It also examined the relationship between teachers’ academic optimism and school climate and assessed their overall effectiveness. Faculty members and school heads participated, providing measurable data on academic optimism and school climate indicators. 

Results: The study found variations in academic optimism across schools. Collective efficacy was rated poorly (mean = 2.56), while collective trust was high (mean = 4.37) and academic emphasis was fair (mean = 3.33). Faculty trust in students and parents was strong (mean = 4.40), and students were ready to learn (mean = 4.43) despite limited home (mean = 2.17) and community support (mean = 1.83). Teachers had high confidence in learners' competencies (mean = 4.53), and mutual trust between teachers and students was very high (mean = 4.87). Schools maintained high performance standards (mean = 3.63) and recognized academic achievement (mean = 3.83), though teachers felt students only somewhat met expectations (mean = 3.50 and 3.13). Regarding organizational climate, leadership and supervisory support received the lowest rating (mean = 3.27), while organizational effectiveness was rated high (mean = 4.22). Teachers performed efficiently, valuing professionalism (mean = 5.23), mastery experiences (mean = 5.33), and institutional support. Institutional vulnerability was also high (mean = 5.13), and the overall organizational climate was positively perceived (mean = 4.42). Collective efficacy was significantly related to organizational effectiveness, professional teacher behavior, and institutional vulnerability, while collective trust was linked to leadership and supervisory support. No significant differences were found in academic optimism or organizational climate across schools, though differences emerged among respondent groups. Professional teacher behavior (mean = 5.24) and organizational effectiveness (mean = 5.15) were positively perceived, showing consistent perspectives on institutional vulnerability and effectiveness. 

Conclusion: The study found that the pandemic reshaped teachers' skills, yet they remained adaptable and committed, while students valued education. School leadership influenced the organizational climate, fostering trust, collaboration, and professionalism. Continuous faculty assessment and professional development were crucial for growth. While academic optimism and organizational climate were consistent across schools, perceptions varied, reflecting differences in experiences. Teachers shared similar challenges as schools resumed in-person classes. 

Keywords: academic optimism, organizational climate, collective efficacy, collective trust, academic emphasis, leadership and supervisory support, organizational goals

Herras, Jane G., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Inc., Region V, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the impact of leadership practices on stakeholder support within the Philippines' Brigada Eskwela program, a nationwide initiative designed to enhance public schools through community collaboration. The program addresses resource gaps by fostering partnerships and volunteerism among government agencies, private entities, local communities, and educational institutions. The research sought to understand how effective leadership can bolster community involvement and improve education outcomes.

Methodology: The study used descriptive, correlational and comparative designs, gathering quantitative data from 480 respondents. Statistical tools, including two-way ANOVA, Pearson r Correlation, and the coefficient of determination, were used to assess leadership practices and stakeholder support. This approach enabled a thorough, data-driven analysis of leadership and community engagement dynamics. 

Results: The study revealed that leadership practices, specifically Communication and Collaboration, significantly influenced stakeholder support for programs like Brigada Eskwela. High ratings for leadership practices were consistent across different regions, indicating no significant geographical variations in implementation or support. This consistency led to widespread backing for various programs.

Conclusion: Effective leadership practices drive stakeholder support for educational initiatives like Brigada Eskwela. Strong leadership consistency across diverse community settings ensures broad support and successful program execution. These findings underscore the importance of cultivating leadership skills to enhance community participation and improve the quality of public education in the Philippines.

Keywords: Leadership Practices, Stakeholders’ Support 

Carvajal, Adrian Lawrence P., Macaspac, Rodehlia, Paulino, Maria Luz Lourdes, & Arceno, Richard, Professional Regulation Commission, Philippines / Our Lady of Fatima University, Philippines / St. Paul University Quezon City, Philippines / Bigay Buhay Multi-Purpose Cooperative (PWD NGO), Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This research explored the multifaceted challenges faced by Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) during crises, focusing on their psychological, social, and economic well-being. It sought to understand the barriers to service accessibility and the systemic issues that exacerbate their vulnerability while identifying opportunities for improving inclusivity and resilience in disaster and pandemic responses.

Methodology: The study utilized a qualitative research design, employing purposive sampling to conduct in-depth interviews with PWDs residing in Metro Manila. The data were thematically analyzed, revealing recurring themes that highlight the lived experiences and adaptive strategies of PWDs. 

Results: Key themes included the psychological toll of isolation and disrupted routines, significant accessibility barriers to essential services, economic challenges stemming from job losses and increased disability-related expenses, and heightened vulnerability to abuse during crises. Furthermore, findings underscore the lack of disability-specific budget allocations and representation in local governance disaster councils, which compound the systemic neglect of PWDs during disasters.

Conclusion:  While PWDs demonstrate remarkable resilience, systemic gaps in governance, service delivery, and representation hinder their quality of life during pandemics and disasters. 

Recommendation:  Recommendations include enhancing psycho-social support systems, ensuring inclusive budgeting and governance processes, strengthening food and resource distribution mechanisms, and institutionalizing permanent representation of PWDs in disaster councils. These measures aim to foster a more inclusive and rights-based approach to disaster preparedness and pandemic response. This study underscores the importance of amplifying the voices of PWDs to inform policies and practices that uphold their rights and enhance their resilience during crises.

Keywords: Persons with disabilities, quality of life, pandemics, disasters, inclusivity

Macas, Maica Colen S., Alarcon, Florence Sean L., Goma, Danilo Jr. E., Inductivo, Jantreb, Ortega, Christine A., & Sabidra, Rhona Mae D., Saint Francis of Assisi College, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study examined the relationship between reading comprehension and word problem-solving skills among Grade 10 students at Saint Francis of Assisi College - Las Piñas Campus, emphasizing its significance in academic achievement and instructional development.

Methodology: A correlational quantitative design was employed, using a non-probability sampling method with 55 Grade 10 students. Data were collected through standardized assessments measuring reading comprehension and problem-solving abilities. The analysis utilized the general weighted mean and Pearson R correlation to determine relationships between the variables.

Results: Reading comprehension levels were predominantly "Satisfactory" (49.09%) or "Fair" (38.18%), while problem-solving skills showed a greater distribution in the "Fair" (34.55%) and "Poor" (27.27%) categories. A low positive correlation (R-value = 0.35, p = 0.008) was found between reading comprehension and problem-solving skills, suggesting that while higher reading comprehension correlates with improved problem-solving, other contributing factors exist.

Conclusion: A modest positive correlation exists between reading comprehension and word problem-solving skills. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive educational strategies integrating both areas to foster well-rounded academic development. Further research should explore additional factors influencing problem-solving proficiency to refine instructional methods.

Keywords: Reading Comprehension, Word Problem-Solving Skills, Grade 10 Students, Academic Achievement, Educational Strategies

Pesimo, Marianne May R., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Inc., Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the level of awareness of teachers and the extent of compliance on the implementation of the child protection policy in public elementary schools of Goa district.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive-correlational-evaluative design using a modified survey questionaire to determine the relationship between the variables. This study was conducted at the twenty-one (21) public elementary schools in Goa district with 286 respondents. Total enumeration was employed with the criteria that they must be actively employed public elementary teachers and with at least five (5) years of teaching experience during the school year 2023-2024.

Results: With (r) value of 0.7186, there is a significant relationship between bullying or peer pressure and teachers’ level of awareness. Furthermore, there is no significant difference among the aspects of awareness of teachers, as indicated by the (f) value of  0.8543. Moreover, there is also no significant differences among the aspects of the extent of compliance on the implementation, indicated by the (f) value of 0.5485)

Conclusion: Teachers exhibit a relatively consistent level of awareness in several key areas related to child protection and that factors influencing adherence to the policy do not vary significantly among the groups examined

Keywords: relationship, differences, child protection policy, awareness,  compliance

Caňo, Myra B., Universidad de Sta Isabel de Naga Inc, Naga City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The Parent-Teacher Association (PTA) is recognized as a key organization in enhancing and developing schools. However, a lack of parental cooperation has revealed a significant gap in participation. This study aimed to understand the nature of parental involvement and the challenges parents face within the School Parent-Teacher Association (SPTA) at Magarao National High School.

Methodology: A descriptive-qualitative methodology was used in the study. Ten (10) individuals participated in the study, including seven (7) parents and three (3) teachers. They were chosen through a purposive sampling technique.

Results: The findings showed that respondents participated by attending SPTA meetings, providing financial support, volunteering, monitoring their children's academics, and fulfilling government program requirements as beneficiaries. Challenges included balancing family, work, and financial responsibilities, with work schedules, caregiving duties, and financial constraints limiting their involvement. Poor communication and lack of transparency in SPTA reporting also discouraged participation.

Conclusion: Parents participated in various SPTA activities. However, challenges such as time constraints, financial difficulties, and poor communication limited their involvement. Addressing these issues can improve parental engagement. Thus, it is recommended to enhance parental involvement in the SPTA, the intervention plan should include offering incentives like raffles, setting clear meeting agendas, and improving communication between advisers and parents to foster collaboration and create a more inclusive environment.

Keywords: Parent Participation, School Parent Teachers Association, and Challenges in Participation

San Pablo-Palacio, Procesa Joy G., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Inc. Region V, Philippines 

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the teachers’ techno-pedagogical competence and technology integration self-efficacy of public elementary teachers.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive, correlational design using surveys to determine the relationship between the variables. This study was conducted total enumeration in fifteen schools in Pili West District, Pili, Camarines Sur with 254 respondents. 

Results: The influence of teaching on technology usage has a correlation coefficient (r) is 0.3301 and its coefficient of determinants (r2) is 0.01089 and interpreted as not significant.  Also, the influence of teaching on technology application has a correlation coefficient of 0.8665 and coefficient determinants of 0.7508 which was interpreted as significant. Additionally, influence of teaching on technology infused learning has a correlation coefficient of 0.1235 and coefficient determinants of 0.0152 which was interpreted as not significant. Moreover, influence of teaching on technology literacy and digital citizenship has a correlation coefficient of 0.9635 and coefficient determinants of 0.9283 which was interpreted as significant. Lastly, influence of teaching on technology supported assessment has a correlation coefficient of 0.7341 and coefficient determinants of 0.5389 which was interpreted as significant.

Conclusion: This revealed that teaching has a significant influence to technology application, technology literacy and digital citizenship, and technology supported assessment, this implies that, teaching plays a crucial role in influencing technology application, technology literacy and digital citizenship, and technology-supported assessment.

Keywords: Techno-Pedagogical Competence, Technology Integration Self Efficacy, descriptive-correlational design

Soriano, Rosalina A., & Songco, Evelyn A., The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas / Eulogio “Amang” Rodriguez Institute of Science & Technology

Abstract

Aim: Librarianship of the modern age has become very challenging; consequently, continuing professional development (CPD) has become very necessary for the cultivation of required skills to satisfy the information needs of the users. With the tri-partnership of the SUCs, CPD and LIPs, comes a collaborative effort to come up with capacity building programs. Towards an adaptive CPD strategies driven by the demands to perform emerging roles for the quality of academic performance, this study is geared towards the goals to adapt to changes and transformative innovations for research, instruction, and community development.

Methodology: This research applied a mixed methods approach. A qualitative approach within a case study framework was adopted for the study through a conduct of the SUCs respondents via a structured interview to the following who constituted the following positions.    From the 7 SUCs, those are three (3) Vice Presidents for Academic Affairs, two (2) deans, one (1) college head and another one (1) unit director. It is a purposive sampling in the case of the (67) LIPs or librarians from state universities and colleges surveyed through a structured questionnaire.

Results: Librarianship is an ever-evolving and challenging profession brought about by the twenty-first century.     Thus, academic libraries extend beyond the walls of their respective SUCs for online open access information spaces, internet sharing tools, online social communications and networking technologies. Because of this, findings show that librarians demonstrate adaptability and capacity with services much more user-driven and tailored in response to the demands of access to resources across a wide variety of platforms. The following have been addressed by the SUCs in order to meet these capacity demands in terms of research support, teaching and learning, digital scholarship, user experience and scholarly communication. It was divulged that the institutional capacity of the SUCs provided through research support indicates their adherence to research as one significant function of higher education institutions (HEIs).

Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of CPD between and among the librarians and their respective workplaces being at the SUCs which indicate continuous support thrown upon by the administration. This only implies encouragement and motivates further to CPD as something advantageous. This adheres to the idea of advancing librarians since it is apparent that maintaining professional knowlege and competence requires revision and renewal as the need for the librarians to be adept to be data professionals. All of these are necessary in order to support faculty, students, and researchers and so therefore, must undergo retraining to attain new knowledge, skills.

Keywords:  career growth, development, librarianship, professional advancement, progression

Gantong-Comia, Addie Eunice P., Universidad de Sta. Isabel Inc., Naga City, Philippines

Abstract

Layunin: Layunin ng pananaliksik na ito na malaman ang lebel ng performans ng mga mag-aaral batay sa resulta ng pauna at panapos na pagsubok: (a) pagbasa at (b) komprehensyon; mabatid kung may makabuluhang pagkakaiba ang performans ng mga mag-aaral batay sa resulta ng pauna at panapos na pagsubok; makalap ang mga suliraning kinaharap sa paggamit ng interbensyon; at mailahad ang mga panukala batay sa kinalabasan ng pag-aaral.

Metodolohiya: Isinagawa ang mixed method sa pag-aaral na ito. Ang mga mag-aaral sa eksperimental at kontrol na grupo ay kapwa sumailalim sa pauna at panapos na pagsubok. Inilapat ang quasi-experimental para sa kwantitatibo at deskriptibo para sa kwalitatibong estratehiya. Sa kwalitatibo, gumamit ang mananaliksik ng mga gabay na tanong para sa isinagawang Focus Group Discussion (FGD) sa mga mag-aaral na gumamit ng nasabing lokalisadong kagamitang pampagtuturo at maging sa mga guro sa Filipino na sumuri nito. 

Resulta: Sa simula ng pananaliksik, pantay lamang ang lebel ng performans sa pagbasa at komprehensyon ng mga mag-aaral sa eksperimental at kontrol na grupo. Sa naging resulta ng panapos na pagsubok, naging Independent ang lebel ng performans ng mga mag-aaral mula sa eksperimental na grupo sa pagbasa at nanatiling Instructional sa komprehensyon. Nanatiling Instructional ang lebel ng performans ng mga mag-aaral mula sa kontrol na grupo sa pagbasa at komprehensyon. Napagtanto sa pag-aaral na walang pa ring makabuluhang pagkakaiba ang lebel ng performans ng mga mag-aaral sa pagbasa at komprehensyon batay sa resulta ng panimula at panapos na pagsubok kung estadistika ang pag-uusapan. Sa isinagawang Focus Group Discussion (FGD), napag-alaman na ito ang mga suliraning kinaharap ng mga gumamit ng lokalisadong kagamitang pampagtuturo: (1) hindi kaakit-akit na pabalat; (2) maling estruktura ng nilalaman; at (3) kakulangan sa oras. Ipinanukala ng mananaliksik na lubos ang pangangailangan na pagbutihin ang pabalat ng lokalisadong kagamitang pampagkatuto na ito at muling siyasatin ang nilalaman nito upang maiwasto ang mga salitang mali ang baybay. Kinakailangan din ang paggamit nito nang mas matagal na panahon upang mapaglaanan ng sapat na oras ang pagbabasa nito.

Kongklusyon: Tunay na mas malaki ang itinaas ng oral reading score at comprehension score ng mga mag-aaral sa eksperimental na grupo na gumamit ng lokalisadong kagamitang pampagtuturo kaysa sa kontrol na grupo. Ngunit, hindi iyon naging sapat para mabago ang antas ng pagbasa at komprehensyon nila. Ibig sabihin, sa ngalan ng estadistika, hindi sapat ang pagtaas ng mga ito upang magkaroon ng makabuluhang pagkakaiba sa lebel ng performans ng mga mag-aaral. Nangangailangan ng pagpapayabong ng kagamitang pampagtuturo sa pag-aaral na ito. Marahil hindi rin sapat ang paggamit ng lokalisadong kagamitang pampagkatuto nang isang oras lamang sa isang linggo. Buhat dito, kinakailangan ang mas matagalang paggamit ng mga mag-aaral sa lokalisadong kagamitang pampagtuturo upang makamit ang hinahangad na pagyabong ng antas ng kanilang pagbasa at komprehensyon.

Susing Salita: mixed method, pagbasa, komprehensyon, lokalisadong kagamitang pampagtuturo

Cuevillas, Rowena M., Bicol College, Daraga, Albay

Abstract

Aim: Mandatory medical exams for criminology students were deemed essential to ensure they were physically and mentally prepared for the demanding field of law enforcement. This study examined the feasibility of such evaluations for prospective Philippine National Police entrants in Albay, exploring current admission policies, potential benefits, and legal considerations. 

Methodology: Utilizing a descriptive qualitative research design, the study involved semi-structured interviews with deans, program chairs, and a PNP medical doctor to assess the viability of mandatory medical exams. The research included interviews with participants from four CHED-accredited criminology schools, which were analyzed through document and thematic analysis.

Result:  Findings showed varied admission requirements among criminology schools in Albay: some focused on basic documentation, while others, like College of Arts and Technology College, imposed more rigorous criteria, including medical exams and entrance tests. The absence of standardized medical assessments raised concerns about students' readiness for law enforcement careers, potentially affecting their health and performance.

Conclusion: Integrating uniform medical evaluations into the admission process could have improved student preparation, facilitated early intervention, and addressed legal and ethical considerations, ensuring candidates met the physical and mental demands of the profession and enhancing overall readiness for law enforcement careers.

Keywords: Mandatory, Medical Evaluation, Viability, Admission, Medical Requirement

Empedrado, Grichel M., Central Philippine State University, Kabankalan City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This research determined the relationship between technology proficiency and practices of the 21^st century skills categorized as learning and innovation skills, information, media, and technology skills, and life and career skills among public elementary school teachers.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive-correlational design using surveys to determine the relationship between the variables. It was conducted at the eleven elementary schools in the Public Schools District of Cauayan II Cluster 3 of the Schools Division Office of Negros Occidental in SY 2023 – 2024 with 94 respondents. The probability proportional to size sampling was used to determine the sample schools and stratified random sampling was used to determine the respondents.  

Results: Findings revealed that the respondents have an approaching proficiency level in technology and have high level of practices of information, media, and technology and life and career skills, but moderate level of practices of learning and innovation skills; no significant differences were found in respondents’ technology proficiency and practices of the 21^st century skills between profile variables; and show moderate significant relationship between technology proficiency and practices of the 21^st century skills. 

Conclusion: The perception of teachers on technology use improves the quality of learning and productivity and can bridge the digital divide between various demographic strata. The school administrators may assist and provide teachers with opportunities and training to integrate technology into classroom teaching to provide an opportunity to improve technology proficiency and target technology skills that are beneficial to them. Future research on teacher’s technology proficiency and practices in the 21^st century skills in larger samples is also recommended.

Keywords: technology proficiency; 21^st century teaching practices; learning and innovation skills; information, media; and technology skills; life and career skills

Llantero, Benlene, Laguna College of Business and Arts

Abstract

Aim: This study determined if emotional demands mediated between work intensification and psychological detachment among public school teachers. 

Methodology: This study utilized a quantitative research design, specifically mediation analysis. Utilizing mediation analysis, data were gathered from 220 public school teachers from a chosen Integrated High School in Lipa City, Batangas, Philippines, and were analyzed using regression analysis and Sobel Test.  

Results: It was revealed that public school teachers had high levels of emotional demands, work intensification, and psychological detachment. Work intensification had a significant impact on emotional demands (β = 0.762, p < .001) and psychological detachment (β = 0.325, p = .009), while emotional demands did not significantly affect psychological detachment (β = 0.037, p = .654). Only 1% of the variability in psychological detachment could be explained by emotional demands. The mediating role of emotional demands on the relationship between work intensification and psychological detachment was examined. The total effect of work intensification on psychological detachment was significant, and this effect remained significant with the inclusion of emotional demands. The indirect effect of work intensification through psychological detachment was not significant.

Conclusion: The emotional demands partially mediated the relationship between work Intensification and psychological Detachment. To address this, a program plan was proposed to improve public school teachers' emotional well-being and coping strategies, helping them better manage work pressures and enhance job satisfaction.

Keywords: emotional demands, work intensification, psychological detachment, mediation, public school teachers

Cañas, Alain Joe P., Magpantay, Arcris Jay L., Triño, Maria Lyn B., Ynacay, Fatima Jane A., & Gaza, Joy S.B., University of Nueva Caceres, Naga City, Philippines

Abstrak

Layunin: Pangunahing layunin ng pananaliksik na ito ang masiyasat ang implikasyon ng resulta ng Rapid Literacy Assessment (RLA) sa 30 mag-aaral sa baitang 7 ng Pambansang Paaralang Pansekondarya ng Carolina sa kalagayang pangkasanayan sa pagbasa, gayundin ang mga salik na nakakaapekto rito. Batay sa datos na ito, tunguhin din ng pag-aaral na makabuo ng isang alternatibong kagamitan na tutugon sa pagpapaunlad ng kasanayan sa pagbasa ng mga mag-aaral.

Metodolohiya: Kinasangkapan sa pag-aaral na ito ang disenyong descriptive developmental pati na rin ang modelong ADDIE o analisis, disenyo, debelopment, implementasyon, at ebalwasyon. Gayunpaman, dahil sa maikling panahong itinalaga para sa proyekto, tanging ang analisis, disenyo, at debelopment ang naisagawa.

Resulta:Batay sa resulta ng RLA, karamihan sa mga mag-aaral ay nasa antas na established at emerging. Kung gayon, karamihan din sa kanila ang may sapat ng kakayahan sa pagbasa. Sa kabilang banda, may ilan pa ring nasa antas na coping na nangangahulugang mayroon pa ring mga mag-aaral na nangangailangan ng paglinang sa pagbasa. Bukod dito, napag-alaman din na nangunguna ang personal na aspekto tulad ng kawalan ng interes sa pagbabasa at ibang prayoridad sa mga salik nakaaapekto sa kasanayan sa pagbasa ng mga mag-aaral. Sinundan naman ito ng mga pangkapaligirang aspekto katulad ng hindi kaaya-ayang lugar sa pagkatuto, kakulangan sa paggabay, at ibang gawaing nakaatas sa mga mag-aaral. Batay rin sa mga tugon ng mga respondente, hindi gaanong nakaapekto ang kagamitang aspekto tulad ng kakulangan sa babasahin at suplementaryong panteknolohiya. Upang matugunan ito, nilikha ng mga mananaliksik ang “AKAP: Alternatibong Kagamitan sa Pag-Agapay sa Pagbasa” na binubuo ng mga babasahing halaw sa Philippine Informal Reading Inventory (Phil-IRI) ng Kagawaran ng Edukasyon. Kinapalooban din ito ng mga gawaing pampagsasanay na nakapokus sa palabigkasan, kamalayang ponolohikal, katatasan, bokabularyo, at komprehensyon. Ipinasuri ang nabuong kagamitan sa dalawang dalubguro sa Filipino at isang guro sa Information and Communication Technology (ICT) batay sa Learning Resource Management & Development System (LRMDS) ng Kagawaran ng Edukasyon. Batay sa ebalwasyon, “labis na katanggap-tanggap” ang AKAP batay sa pamantayang Content (Nilalaman), Format (Pormat), Presentation & Organisasyon (Presentasyon at Organisasyon), Accurateness and Up-to-dateness of the Information (Pagiging Wasto at Napapanahon ng mga Impormasyon).

Kongklusyon: Batay sa kinalabasan ng pag-aaral, mahihinuhang iba’t iba ang antas ng kasanayan ng mga mag-aaral sa pagbasa bagamat nasa iisang baitang ito. Umiiral pa rin ang mababang antas sa pagbasa sa mga mag-aaral na nasa antas sekondarya. Bukod dito, umiiral din ang iba’t ibang aspekto na nagiging salik sa kalagayang pangkasanayan ng mga mag-aaral sa pagbasa. Kung gayon, iminumungkahi ang pagkakaroon ng inisyatiba ng mga paaralan sa patuloy pagsasagawa ng ebalwasyon sa kasanayan sa pagbasa ng mga mag-aaral bilang mahalagang bahagi ng kanilang literasi. Katulad din ng AKAP, kinakailangan din ang pagsasagawa ng mga paaralan ng lokal na programang interbensyon batay sa mga napag-alamang hamon sa pagbasa ng kanilang mga mag-aaral. Sa ganitong paraan, mas magiging kontekstwalisado ang programa at kagamitang mabubuo dahil nakaayon sa partikular na pangangailangan ng mga mag-aaral. Iminumungkahi rin ang pagsasagawa ng implementasyon sa AKAP upang masiyasat ang kabisaan nito bilang isang alternatibong kagamitan sa pagbasa.

Mga Susing Salita: Rapid Literacy Assessment (RLA), Pagbasa, Alternatibong Kagamitan

Suico, Carly Mae J., & Bacus, Remedios C., University of Cebu – METC, Cebu, Philippines / Cebu Normal University, Cebu, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to analyze senior high school students' written discourses and their netiquette in social media transactions. It focused on the types of messages they posted, the semantic implications, and their expression of netiquette.

Methodology: Utilizing the discourse analysis approach, this qualitative study explored the students’ social media content, including stories, "mydays," and shared posts.  A total of  25 shared posts  from the students were collected and organized in a matrix and content-analyzed.

Results: The findings revealed that students frequently used personal language to express emotions and opinions in their social media posts. However, they often overlooked proper netiquette, resulting in posts with grammatical and typographical errors. Additionally, they tend to take offense easily, even towards themselves, and shared content about romantic relationships or personal drama, while also discussing inappropriate topics online.

Conclusion: Students appeared to have been disoriented with the rules of netiquette, which led to improper social media use and a lack of awareness about how to engage appropriately online.

Keywords: netiquette, senior high school students, social media transactions

Bohol, Edelson P., Polythecnic University of the Philippines Open University System, Sta. Mesa, Manila, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study examined the implementation status of the School Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Program and assessed the capabilities of public elementary schools within the Schools Division of Bulacan Province. It focused on the four key DRRM thematic areas: disaster prevention and mitigation, disaster preparedness, disaster response, and disaster rehabilitation.

Methodology: The descriptive method of research was used in the study utilizing simple random sampling to include the 227 respondents in selected public schools in the Schools Division of Bulacan, the Schools Division of Malolos City, the Schools Division of Meycauayan City, and the Schools Division of the City of San Jose del Monte School Year 2023-2024. Survey questionnaire served as instrument in gathering the data. The instrument was reviewed by the adviser and then validated by three specialists from research, education, and disaster preparedness. The validators, including the head of the city Disaster Reduction and Management Office and an Education Specialist II, provided detailed feedback, ensuring the questionnaire was comprehensive and suitable for evaluating disaster risk management in Bulacan’s  public schools. Following validation, a reliability test with Cronbach’s Alpha on a sample of 30 respondents showed a high reliability score of 0.939, exceeding the minimum required coefficient of 0.70.

Results: The overall status of the implementation of the school disaster risk reduction and management plan in the public schools in the province of Bulacan in terms of disaster prevention and mitigation, disaster preparedness, disaster response, and disaster recovery and rehabilitation are very well implemented. Findings also revealed that most of respondents’ assessment of the level of capabilities in implementing school disaster risk reduction and management in the areas of human resources, material facilities, Knowledge, innovation and education, policies, plans, and procedures, and capacities and mechanisms are very capable.

Conclusion: There is a notable connection between the implementation status of school disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) programs and the level of capabilities among public school teachers. The Human resources; Capacities and mechanisms; Material facilities; innovation, Knowledge and education; Policies, plans and Procedures were all significantly related to the effectiveness of DRRM implementation regarding disaster prevention and mitigation, preparedness, response, and rehabilitation. This means that there is a positive and strong relationship between each variable.

Keywords: School Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Doctor in Education Management

Botanas, Stella Marie D., Cabanillia, Maria Estellah P., Jerusalem, Liezell L., & Teves, Michael Dale C., University of the Visayas

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the impact of live-streaming e-commerce on customer impulsive buying behavior.

Methodology: This study used the Stimulus-Organism-Response model. It surveyed 385 participants in Toledo City, where live streaming is increasingly utilized for product promotion.

Findings: The study reveals that all examined factors exhibit significant positive correlations with one another, though varying in strength. These correlations range from moderate to very strong, indicating that an increase in one variable will likely coincide with increases in others. The findings suggest a positive relationship between tiktok live-streaming, perceived enjoyment, arousal, pleasure, and impulsive buying behavior. Individuals who experience heightened levels of enjoyment, arousal, and pleasure in response to TikTok Live-Streaming stimuli are more inclined to engage in impulsive purchasing behaviors.

Conclusion: The interrelationships observed among the independent variables of perceived enjoyment, arousal, and pleasure offer valuable insights into the drivers of impulsive buying behavior. In today's highly competitive global market, where success or failure hinges on differentiation, gaining a strategic edge is essential. Continuous improvement is a cornerstone of business evolution. A deep understanding of customer buying behavior provides a critical advantage in a rapidly changing marketplace, where staying ahead of competitors is key to sustained success.

Keywords:  E-commerce, TikTok,  live streaming, Impulsive Buying Behavior

Mananguit, Arlene Joy C., Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the status of implementation of Water, Sanitation, Hygiene in School (WinS) Program of the public schools in the Division of Muntinlupa in the context of School Based Management. 

Methodology: The study employed descriptive research design to determine the status of the implementation of Water, Sanitation, Hygiene in School (WinS) Program in the context of school-based management in the SDO Muntinlupa.  This study was conducted at the Schools Division Office of Muntinlupa composed of 32 schools with 344. The researcher utilized the frequency and percentage in analyzing the profile of the respondents. To analyze the significant difference of the implementation of WinS program and to evaluate the program through school-based management, the Kruskal Wallis the formula was used.

Results: The study found that the status of implementation of Water, Sanitation, Hygiene in School (WinS) program in the context of school-based management, particularly in leadership and governance, curriculum and instruction, accountability and continuous improvement, and management and resources, indicates that the program is comprehensive and effectively carried out in the SDO Muntinlupa. There was a significant difference in the implementation of the WinS program concerning the water component and the Educational Level of the School, with a computed H-test of 13.941 and a p-value of .001. This concludes that the educational level of the school significantly influences the implementation of water-related aspects of the WinS program. Similarly, significant differences were also observed in the implementation of the WinS program in terms of the water component and the number of years of school operation, with a computed H-test of 44.495 and a p-value of .000. This indicates that the duration of school operation significantly impacts the implementation of water-related aspects of the WinS program.

Conclusion: The schools addressed hygiene and sanitation issues that affected students susceptible to various diseases. The ongoing capacity-building and technical assistance provided to program implementers made it possible to address the problems related to hygiene and sanitation that affected students who are susceptible to various diseases. Schools can continue implementing the WinS program by upgrading program implementers' administrative and managerial practices, continuously building capacity, offering technical assistance, action planning, and conducting program implementation reviews.

Keywords: WinS, WASH Program, School-Based Management

Jovida, Gemma M., Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Open University System, Sta. Mesa, Manila

Abstract

Aim: This research aimed to study the stakeholders’ feedback of homeroom guidance implementation in Batangas Province. The study explored the respondents’ assessment of the homeroom guidance program in terms of curriculum implementation, covering aspects such as academic development, personal and social development, and career development. The assessment also covered the delivery process, homeroom guidance implementation supervision, and administrative concerns. Another focus was on whether there were significant differences in the assessment of the program's implementation among different types of stakeholders. Lastly, the study identified problems encountered by schools in implementing the homeroom guidance program.

Methodology: The study, employed a descriptive research design, aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of homeroom guidance programs by examining existing literature and stakeholders' perspectives. This approach allowed the researchers to identify common themes across multiple studies, offering valuable insights into the nature and assessment of homeroom guidance program implementation.

Results: Stakeholders generally assessed the Homeroom Guidance Program rating academic, personal/social, and career development aspects as "implemented." The program's delivery process, supervision, and administrative concerns also received same ratings, indicating effective integration and management. This positive perception suggests that the program is well-received and meets the expectations of various stakeholders. Stakeholders showed significant differences in their perceptions of academic development, but they agreed on the program's effectiveness in personal, social, and career development. The null hypothesis for program's delivery process, supervision, and administrative aspects was rejected.

Conclusion: The study found out that despite some differences in specific areas, stakeholders generally concur on the program's effectiveness. Challenges identified included resource inadequacy, logistical constraints, and stakeholder engagement issues, highlighting areas for improvement to enhance the program's implementation and support students' holistic development. Effectively addressing these challenges is critical for improving the program and ensuring that it can adequately support students in various developmental areas.

Keywords: stakeholders, feedback, Homeroom Guidance Program, Elementary Schools, Batangas

Botanas, Stella Marie D., Nacorda, Bonifer B., & Botanas, Jethru R., University of the Visayas – Toledo City Campus / Center for Leaders & RAFI Development Academy, Ramon Aboitiz Foundation Inc. / Schools Division of Toledo City, Department of Education

Abstract

Aim: This study described the organizational climate of the educational institution in terms of management, policies, processes, facilities, remuneration, rewards, career growth, and relationship with colleagues among the academic teaching, academic non-teaching, and admin personnel as part of the organizational climate of the educational institution to come up with recommendations to sustain a healthy educational institution climate. 

Methodology: The study utilized a single-case qualitative design employing a semi-structured interview instrument. The interview was conducted via telephone where a total of 21 informants volunteered to participate.

Results: The study revealed eight key themes: Management Coordination and Resource Allocation, Conflict Resolution, Internal Communication, Policy Implementation Issues, Compensation and Benefits Dissatisfaction, Career Development Opportunities, Workplace Relationships, and Supportive Management. Participants expressed satisfaction with management's support but noted the need for clearer communication, better policy implementation, and career development pathways. Employees’ perception on management centers on the system improvement specifically coordination and synchronization among offices, organizational structure, employee support, improvement in resources and information dissemination. Majority of the employees used to be satisfied with the remuneration provided by the Higher Education Institution (HEI). Lastly, the majority of informants described their office heads as accommodating, approachable, and respectful. A few mentioned instances where they felt that their office heads could improve in areas such as professionalism, support, and communication.

Conclusion: Organizational climate of the educational institution presents both positive and challenging elements. The results support the Organizational Climate Theory which states that the organizational environment influence the employee behavior and productivity (Schneider, 1987).  A supportive management, efforts to improve organizational management, and effective internal communication create a generally favorable working environment which in turn encourages employee engagement and collaboration. However, the HEI faces significant challenges, including inconsistent policy implementation, dissatisfaction with compensation and benefits, inadequate facilities, and limited career growth opportunities. These issues lessen the positive aspects of the organizational climate, affecting employee morale and productivity.

Keywords: Organizational Climate, Human Resource Development, Employee Perception

Gaspar, Jeric Vincent A., Laguna College of Business and Arts

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the moderating effect of workplace inclusion in the relationship between employee empowerment and engagement among employed persons with disability in Lipa City, Batangas. 

Methodology: The quantitative study was conducted to determine if workplace inclusion moderated employee empowerment and engagement among employed persons with disability. Utilizing moderation analysis from the Menon empowerment scale, ISA engagement scale, and Workplace Inclusion scale, data were gathered from 110 employed persons with disability in Lipa City, Batangas, and were analyzed using regression analysis.

Results: It was revealed that employed persons with disability had a low level of employee empowerment, engagement, and workplace inclusion. It was also revealed that employee empowerment levels had no significant impact on employee engagement (β=-0.099, p<.301), r-square=.010 signifies that only 10% of the variability of Employee Engagement can be explained by Employee Empowerment. Furthermore, workplace inclusion level carried a significant moderating effect between employee empowerment level and employee engagement level variable (𝛽 = -0.0.32, z = -2.29, 𝑝 = 0.02) and using a bootstrapping technique on 1000 bootstrap samples (-0.60 to 0.05)

Conclusion: Employed persons with disability had a low level of employee empowerment, engagement, and workplace inclusion. It was also revealed that employee empowerment levels had no significant impact on employee engagement. Furthermore, workplace inclusion level carried a significant moderating effect between employee empowerment level and employee engagement level. Workplace inclusion moderates the causal relationship between employee empowerment and employee engagement. Lastly, an action plan was also proposed to enhance workplace inclusion in an organization for the better interest of every employed person with Disability.

Keywords: employee empowerment, employee engagement, moderation effect, persons with disability (PWDs),  workplace inclusion

Balanta, Kimberly D., & Andal, Edilberto Z., Dr. Maria D. Pastrana National High School, Division of Quezon / Laguna State Polytechnique University, Faculty of College of Graduate Studies and Applied Research

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to explore the sports-specific typology of injuries as a basis for developing an injury prevention program for school athletes. The primary objective was to assess the occurrence of injuries experienced by athletes and evaluate their adherence to sports-injury prevention practices.

Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive-correlational research design was utilized to conduct the study at selected schools within the First Congressional District of Quezon. Respondents included teacher-coaches, trainers, and student-athletes, who were purposively chosen. Data were gathered using a validated, researcher-made survey questionnaire.

Results: Analysis of the collected data revealed that the respondents' description of the occurrence of injuries was rated "excellent." In terms of adherence to sports-injury prevention practices, respondents generally rated themselves "almost always" compliant. There was a significant negative correlation between the occurrence of injuries and adherence to equipment/facilities, with an r-value of -0.208, and a significant positive correlation with training, with an r-value of 0.201.

Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a significant relationship between the occurrence of injuries and adherence to sports-injury prevention practices. The hypothesis posited was not supported. Schools may use the findings to implement injury prevention programs as part of their sports interventions, and training and seminars for teachers on injury prevention are recommended. The study provides a foundation for a continuous project to minimize injuries during training and competitions.

Keywords: Injuries, Sports-Injury Prevention Practices, Adherence, School Sports, School Athletes, Coaches/ Trainors

Mangubat, Erick John Henry B., Philippine State College of Aeronautics, Villamor Air Base, Pasay City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This research introduced a novel approach to aircraft maintenance training through the development of a technical immersion program, rooted in the solicitation of views and perceptions from instructors across various Philippine State College of Aeronautics (PHILSCA) campuses.

Methodology: This study utilized quantitative research through a descriptive-normative survey. This method of research described and interpreted systematically a situation or area of interest factually and accurately. It was used to collect data about people’s behavior, practices, attitudes, perceptions and the like. It is concerned with the result of a census study, public opinion survey, fact finding survey, status studies and questionnaire and interview studies among others. Online interviews were also utilized as source of additional information related to the variables of the study. The online interviews were used by the researcher in supporting the result of the survey conducted.

Results: The results revealed that all participants agreed (mean = 3.23) that the technical immersion program contributes to the development of future work skills in graduates. This agreement extended to indicators such as the ability to operate machines/equipment (mean = 3.23), demonstrating thoroughness and attention to detail (mean = 3.23), meeting work output quotas (mean = 3.23), and understanding task relationships (mean = 3.23)

Conclusion: The technical immersion program positively contributes to the development of various skills in graduates. However, the findings also highlight areas for improvement. Participants, who were primarily new faculty (instructors 1-3) with Master’s degrees and limited training experience, indicated that the program could enhance the integration of ethical practices ("applies virtues of integrity and honesty") and exploration of new ideas in their field. These findings underscore the importance of designing immersion programs that cultivate not only technical skills but also professional ethics and critical thinking.

Keywords: technical immersion, aviation, aircraft maintenance, on the job training

Pagulayan, Jessica Sintos, & Espiritu, Reginald S., Quezon City University, San Bartolome, Novaliches, Quezon City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The research aimed to comprehensively analyze the sustainable initiatives of publicly listed companies (PLCs) in the Philippines under the casinos and gaming sector and their compliance with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs). The research specificallyaimed to ascertain the sector's impact on environmental issues and international collaborations, map the sustainability programs implemented by the selected PLCs, examine the extent to which UN-SDGs are incorporated into their vision-mission statements, and analyze specific programs that contribute to the advancement of SDG #13: Climate Action and SDG #17:Partnerships for the Goals. 

Methodology: A descriptive and exploratory research design, qualitative archival methodology, and content analysis of the Sustainability Reports and/or Annual Reports of the PLCs were utilized in this study. The researchers utilized a method of purposive sampling in order to choose seven PLCs in accordance with predetermined criteria. 

Results: The study revealed that PLCs in the Philippines under the casino and gaming sector have implemented various sustainability programs aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with 2 out of 7 or 28.57% of companies incorporating SDGs into their corporate vision and mission statements, 4 out of 7 or 57.14% actively pursuing climate action initiatives under SDG #13, and 6 out of 7 or 85.71% fostering partnerships for sustainable development as outlined in SDG #17.

Conclusion: The study concludes that while some PLCs in the Philippines under casinos and gaming sector demonstrate progress in adopting the UN-SDGs, especially in climate action and partnerships, there remains a significant need for better environmental protection efforts and broader integration of sustainability into corporate strategies, recommending enhanced focus on biodiversity conservation, explicit inclusion of SDGs in corporate values, stronger collaborations, and expanded future research.

Keywords: sustainable development, climate action, partnerships for the goals, publicly listed companies, casinos and gaming sector

Carvajal, Adrian Lawrence P., Pangilinan, Angelyn M., & Sanchez, Richard D., Professional Regulation Commission, Philippines / University of Makati, Philippines / ETCOR Educational Research Center, Inc.

Abstract

Aim: This research aimed to provide a comprehensive roadmap for harmonizing education in the ASEAN region by analyzing existing frameworks and initiatives, evaluating the effectiveness of harmonization strategies, identifying challenges, exploring contextual variations among member states, and proposing actionable recommendations.

Methodology: The study employed a conceptual analysis research design, examining and synthesizing relevant literature. The analysis focused on key themes such as the ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF), ASEAN Quality Assurance Network (AQAN), Mutual Recognition Arrangements (MRAs), ASEAN Credit Transfer System (ACTS). 

Results: The research found that existing frameworks like AQRF, AQAN, MRAs, and ACTS have laid a strong foundation for educational harmonization in ASEAN, supporting qualification recognition, quality assurance, and student mobility. However, challenges such as diverse educational systems, political and legal hurdles, resource constraints, and the need for robust quality assurance mechanisms persist. Contextual variations among member states significantly influence the implementation and outcomes of harmonization initiatives.

Conclusion:  Harmonizing education among ASEAN countries is a complex but achievable goal that requires coordinated efforts and strong commitment from all stakeholders. The study concludes that while existing frameworks are effective, addressing the identified challenges and leveraging contextual insights are crucial for successful harmonization.

Recommendation: The research proposes a roadmap that includes strengthening MRAs, enhancing AQRF, expanding ACTS, promoting curriculum alignment, facilitating teacher and faculty exchange programs, supporting collaborative research, enhancing language and cultural integration, organizing regional educational conferences, and developing policy and regulatory frameworks. Addressing these areas will contribute to a more integrated, competitive, and cohesive regional education system.

Keywords: ASEAN, educational harmonization, AQRF, MRAs, quality assurance, student mobility

Carvajal, Adrian Lawrence P., Saquido-Marcial, Michelle C., Bernardo, Jolina Marie O., Masaganda, Remmiel I., Professional Regulation Commission, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The research aimed to enhance the Mutual Recognition of Professional Qualifications (MRPQ) process by developing an improved survey questionnaire that comprehensively addresses the key factors influencing the recognition of qualifications across borders, particularly on educational standards, accreditation and licensure processes, professional practice regulations, continuing professional development (CPD), and ethical standards. Additionally, the questionnaire introduced a focus on collaboration within the ASEAN region.

Methodology: A qualitative method was employed, involving content analysis and expert interviews to identify gaps in the original MRPQ questionnaire and to develop a more robust version. The improved questionnaire was then analyzed and compared with the original to assess its effectiveness.

Results: The findings revealed that the improved questionnaire provided a broader scope, addressing previously neglected areas such as ethical standards, compensation, and collaboration. It offered a more detailed exploration of continuing professional development and professional practice regulations, making it a more comprehensive tool for understanding and facilitating the MRPQ process. The inclusion of questions related to ethical standards and collaboration emphasized the importance of consistent professional behavior and cross-border cooperation.

Conclusion:  The conclusions drawn from the study suggest that the improved MRPQ questionnaire is superior to the original version due to its comprehensive coverage of essential factors. This enhanced tool provides a more holistic approach to assessing and recognizing professional qualifications across different countries and professions. Based on the findings, the study recommends adopting the improved questionnaire as the standard tool for MRPQ assessments, harmonizing educational standards and accreditation processes, strengthening collaboration among countries, addressing compensation disparities, and increasing accessibility to CPD opportunities. Regular reviews of the questionnaire are also recommended to ensure its continued relevance.

Keywords: Mutual Recognition of Professional Qualifications, Educational Standards, Accreditation, Ethical Standards, Professional Mobility, Survey Questionnaire

De Leon-De La Cruz, Cara Camilee, University of Perpetual Help System Dalta, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to determine the impact of English Club membership to the academic performance as a basis for an action plan of the schools in the Municipality of Binangonan, Rizal, for the school year 2023-2024.

Methodology: The study employed a quantitative method using a descriptive approach to systematically investigate the extent of English Club membership and its impact on the academic performance of Grade 8 students in English. The quantitative method allowed for the collection and analysis of numerical data related to vocabulary enrichment, confidence building, and grammatical usage.

Results: There was a significant difference in the assessment of the English Club between the two groups of respondents in the categories of objectives, membership, activities, and overall evaluation. This is because the p-value was lower than the 0.05 level of significance, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis and confirming the results as significant.

Conclusion: The notable gap in assessment levels between the two respondent categories within the English Club highlights varied perspectives on Grade 8 learners' academic performance in English, confidence-building, vocabulary enrichment, and overall composite, emphasizing the need for targeted strategies to address these differences effectively.

Keywords: confidence building, vocabulary enrichment, grammatical usage, English Club

Losa, Alma Gamulo, Rizal Central Elementary School, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study examined the extent of parental involvement in their children's English learning tasks, focusing on instruction, modeling, encouragement, and reinforcement.

Methodology: A multiple regression analysis was applied to predict the relationship between parents' profiles (e.g., occupation, educational attainment) and their involvement. Data were collected by surveying 214 respondents from eight public schools in the Rizal-1 District, DepEd Division of Dinagat Islands.

Results: The study found that parents were moderately involved in their children’s English learning tasks, with the highest involvement seen in instruction (mean = 3.28), where parents imparted values for their children's success academically and the lowest in using visual aids (mean = 2.53).  Likewise, parents were moderately involved in their children's English learning tasks, with their highest involvement seen in modeling (mean = 3.41), when parents purchased school supplies and the lowest in communicating with teachers about their homework (mean = 2.80).  Also, parents were moderately involved in their children’s English learning tasks, with the highest involvement seen in Encouragement (mean = 3.26), where parents encouraged their children to be hardworking, and the lowest in encouraging their children to review the English task given (mean = 2.62).  Parents were moderately involved in their children's English learning tasks, with the highest involvement seen in reinforcement (mean = 3.28), where parents often attended PTA meetings and the lowest in promising a reward for their children's task completion (mean = 2.80). Parental educational attainment and fathers' occupation were significant factors affecting involvement levels. 

Conclusion: The parents in Rizal-1 District supported their children by getting involved in English learning tasks in terms of instruction, modeling, encouragement, and reinforcement. Perhaps fathers' occupation and parents' educational attainment are factors that affect the degree of their involvement in the academic endeavors of their children.

Keywords: Multiple Regression analysis, Parental Involvement, instruction, modeling, encouragement, reinforcement, English learning task

Adam, Mohamidin C., Usop, Muslimin S., Salibo, Andal U., Dicolano, Musa M., & Ebrahim, JN Mocktar K., College of Agriculture, Mindanao State University, Maguindanao Del Norte, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The goal of this study was to assess the soil fertility of agricultural areas in Barangay Sibuto and Tenonggos, Datu Odin Sinsuat, Maguindanao, to increase crop output and promote sustainable farming methods.

Methodology: A descriptive mapping method was utilized. Soil samples were taken from various crop fields and analyzed for key chemical properties such as soil pH, organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and zinc. Geographic Information System (GIS) technology was employed to produce soil fertility maps.

Results: Major chemical properties of the soils also differed at the different sites. Organic matter, phosphate, and other necessary nutrients were present in some variable proportions, and the pH ranged from very acidic to slightly alkaline. Suitable crops that may be grown are rice (Oryza sativa), corn (Zea mays), soybeans (Glycine max), sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas), and tomatoes, eggplants, and peppers among others. Other crops grown are root crops, including carrots and radishes, as well as legumes, including cowpeas and mung beans. There were seven soil fertility maps with detailed indications of suitable crops for a given type of soil.

Conclusion: GIS-based soil fertility mapping is very important in soil health assessment and crop selection and management. This will be helpful in improving the productivity of agriculture in the region. Overall, it adds more knowledge to soil fertility dynamics and its implication on sustainable agricultural practices in mountainous areas of Maguindanao.

Keywords: GIS, GPS, Mapping, Production, and Soil Fertility

Oller, Louise Jullianne M., Eroy, Jayvee M., Flamenia, Lorelei D., Geronimo, Judy-ann C., Mendoza, Alexis Earol D., Onte, Clyde Cedrick M., & Roxas, Edxelle Joaquin T., PATTS College of Aeronautics, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the level of satisfaction on land traffic congestion on the pre-flight experience of economy passengers at Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) Terminal 3.

Methodology: This study used a quantitative research design, namely a cross-sectional method through surveys to determine the association between land traffic congestion and economy passengers' pre-flight experiences. This study was conducted at PATTS College of Aeronautics with 160 survey respondents. Purposive sampling was employed with the criteria that they are both males and females, with the range of eighteen (18) to twenty-four (24) years old, twenty-five (25) to thirty-four (34) years old, thirty-five (35) to forty-four (44) years old, forty-five (45) to fifty-four (54) years old, and fifty-five (55) years old and older, and must have experienced going to NAIA Terminal 3 Departure Area.

Results: There is a strong relationship between land traffic congestion experienced by economy passengers during their pre-flight journey and their overall travel experience. The results reveal that traffic congestion going to NAIA Terminal 3 negatively impacts passengers' stress levels, satisfaction, and overall travel experience. Prolonged traffic delays lead to increased anxiety and frustration, which carry over into the airport experience, reducing overall satisfaction. Addressing traffic congestion is crucial for improving passenger satisfaction and ensuring a smoother, more positive travel experience.

Conclusion: The study determined that the land traffic congestion significantly affected the overall experience of the pre-flight experience of economy passengers at NAIA Terminal 3, leading to increased stress and negative moods. Many indicated that their dissatisfaction would impact their decision to use NAIA Terminal 3 in the future, highlighting the importance of managing traffic effectively. The study found out that traffic congestion not only disrupts the pre-flight experience but also reduces overall travel enjoyment.

Keywords: Passenger Satisfaction, NAIA Terminal 3, Land Traffic Congestion, Pre-flight Experience, Economy Passengers

Tandoy, Juliet H., Western Colleges, Inc., Naic, Cavite 

Abstract

Aim: The study explored how comprehension is enhanced through visualization and inference. 

Methodology: This study used a descriptive design using a structured survey questionnaire. The study consists of 80 Grade 7 learners from Don Vicente Rama Memorial National High School in Basak Pardo, Cebu City.

Results: The learners practiced visualization techniques in understanding the main ideas and details in a text (X̄=3.76); moderately practiced inferencing techniques in identifying implied meanings and context within texts (X̄=3.49); and practiced the combination of visualization and inference techniques in understanding unclear or vague information (X̄=3.60).

Conclusion: Visualization and inferencing techniques notably enhance learners' reading comprehension and engagement. Visualization helps students grasp main ideas and details, especially through teacher-led examples and peer sharing. Similarly, inferencing aids in interpreting implied meanings and connecting new information with prior knowledge. However, the moderate practice of some strategies indicates areas for improvement, particularly in using contextual clues for vocabulary development.

Keywords: visualization, inference, comprehension

Mendoza, Riann Marie L., University of the East

Abstract

Aim: The intricate interrelationship of leadership styles and fundamental managerial competencies exerts a profound influence on the organizational culture, setting off rippling effect that significantly affects employees' performance in the workplace. In this study, the researcher aimed to investigate various Leadership Styles anchored in the theoretical underpinnings from Bass' Analysis of Leadership and Kurt Lewin’s Leadership Styles Theory which revolve on Autocratic, Democratic, Transformational, Transactional, and Laissez-Faire Leadership Styles. In addition, this study integrated principles from Henry Mintzberg's theory on Managerial Roles which bolstered the exploration of diverse managerial competencies exhibited by the heads in government and private organizations. These theories served as the foundation of this study in analyzing how leadership styles practiced by the Committee Heads and Corporate Managers are interrelated with different managerial competencies, and further investigated the level of competence for each trait. All these concepts were considered impactful towards work performance to successfully achieve organizational targets. 

Methodology: This paper qualified as a Mixed Method Research Design wherein Quantitative Research and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) were used to validate the results of data gathering. The research design employed in this study centers on a combination of survey questionnaire and FGD involving the examination of responses gathered through a specially formulated Likert Scale and validation through comprehensive discussion with the emerging leaders in private organizations. In this study, answers gathered from the respondents in the government and private organizations were statistically analyzed using the study's data instruments, including statistical tools such as the Weighted Mean, One Way Anova and Pearson R Correlation Coefficient.  This method was chosen to gather insights regarding specific leadership styles practiced within their respective organizations and to comprehend the level of managerial competencies possessed by the Committee Heads and Corporate Managers. 

Results: Using Pearson correlation coefficient, the results showed that the five leadership style indicators—Direction Setting, Employee Relationship, Role Distribution, Workplace Productivity, and Job Commitment—and the seven managerial competencies measured in this study reveal a Pearson R coefficient greater than 0, indicating a significant positive correlation. This leads to the rejection of the null hypothesis, affirming a substantial relationship between the leadership styles and the corresponding managerial competencies employed by various Committee Heads and Corporate Managers in government and private organizations. This suggests that Direction Setting, Employee Relationship, Role Distribution, Workplace Productivity, and Job Commitment significantly influence and is indeed related to the implemented managerial competencies under study. Specifically, these leadership styles contribute positively to Risk Management, Task Delegation, Interpersonal Skills, Decision Making, Intrapersonal Skills, Communication Skills, and Relationship Management.

Conclusion: The findings showed that despite the different leadership styles practiced in government and private organizations, its Committee Heads and Corporate Managers consistently remain competent in various aspects of leadership and constantly observe high degree of commitment towards organizational betterment. It proved that the data supports the assertion that leadership styles play a crucial role in shaping and enhancing managerial competencies. Understanding these relationships can aid in effective leadership development and organizational management strategies in the government and private sector. 

Keywords: Competencies, Competency-Based Plan, Leadership, Organization

Ipanag, Laarlyn C., Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo Integrated School (HS) / National University - Manila 

Abstract

Aim: This action research study sought to evaluate the impact of an initial school-based research training program on teachers' confidence and competence in conducting action research to foster a research-oriented culture in secondary public schools.

Methodology: This study used a mixed-methods approach with  quantitative surveys to evaluate changes in teachers' skills and attitudes following training and qualitative focus group discussions that equipped in-depth insights into the training's challenges and benefits.

Results: The findings expressed a significant 35% increase in teachers' confidence and knowledge in conducting action research, aligning with Mezirow's Transformative Learning Theory. Qualitative insights highlighted challenges such as time constraints and limited support, underscoring the need for structural assistance to embed research practices into teachers' roles. Findings also pointed out the value of collaborative research communities, mentorship, and resource hubs in sustaining transformative professional development and fostering a research culture within educational settings.

Conclusion: The findings substantially improved teachers' confidence and research skills. Resource constraints and a lack of institutional support remain significant barriers, underscoring the need for sustained mentorship and collaborative learning opportunities.

Keywords: Action Research, School-Based, Research Training, Mixed-Methods, Research Literacy, Professional Development, Educational Outcomes

Ragmac, Luzviminda B., & Jala, Chibert L., Lumbia National High School, Department of Education, Region 10 

Abstract

Aim: This research aimed to determine the teaching competence towards job satisfaction and teacher performance of secondary school teachers of Cagayan de Oro City and Misamis Oriental for the School Year 2020-2021. 

Methodology: This study utilized a descriptive-survey method of research, a patterned and modified questionnaire of Javillonar and Boni of 2023. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation to describe the variables of the study where the three hundred fifty secondary (350) secondary public school teachers from the two divisions of Cagayan de Oro City are the respondents of the study.

Results: The study examined with a 0.01 correlation coefficient (two-tailed) on the significance between teacher competence, job satisfaction, and job performance found that teachers demonstrated high competence in critical thinking, teamwork, leadership, professionalism, and career management. The job satisfaction was generally high, but areas like compensation, facilities, and interpersonal relationships showed lower satisfaction. Teachers also demonstrated high performance in content, pedagogy, diversity of learners, curriculum planning, and community linkage. It has found out that there is a significant positive correlation between teacher competence and job satisfaction and performance, suggesting that teachers with strong competence are more likely to experience higher job satisfaction and superior performance.

Conclusion: The teacher's proficiency in influencing job satisfaction and performance outcomes demonstrated high competence in essential skills; concerns in areas like compensation and interpersonal relationships impact overall satisfaction levels. The positive correlation between teacher competence, job satisfaction, and performance underscores the need for investing in professional development to enhance skills and engagement. Their skill is crucial in creating job satisfaction, which means an improvement in teaching skills is correlated with higher job satisfaction levels.

Keywords: teachers' competence, job satisfaction, and teachers’ performance

Ruel, Rona Lee D., Guimaras State University, Guimaras, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the school culture, curriculum development practices and teachers’ competence in the Schools Division of Iloilo, Province of Iloilo, Philippines.

Methodology: It used descriptive correlational research design. The statistical tools used were the frequency count, percentage, mean and Pearson r with the aid of computers’ Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Software. The level of significance was set at 0.05 alpha. 

Results: The result of the study revealed a significant relationship between school culture, and curriculum development practices, with a Pearson r value of 0.511 and a p-value of 0.000. On the other hand, the result revealed a significant relationship between curriculum development practicesand teachers’ competence, with a Pearson r value of 0.411 and a p-value of 0.000. The result also revealed that there is a significant relationship between school culture, and teachers’ competence, with a Pearson r value of 0.699 and a p-value of 0.000. Since the p-value is less than the 0.05 significance level, this indicates a strong and significant correlation. 

Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, school culture, curriculum development practices, and teachers’ competence are very essential for creating a positive, collaborative, and effective educational environment. By fostering open communication, promoting professional development, celebrating achievements, encouraging collaborative practices, maintaining a supportive environment, and aligning policies with shared values, school leaders can ensure that the strong school culture, curriculum development practices and teachers’ competence continue to benefit both teachers and students, ultimately enhancing overall school performance.

Keywords: school culture, curriculum development practices and teachers’ competence

Montoya, Marjon B., & Sison, Louis Robert C., Technological University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines / Barasoain Memorial Integrated School, City of Malolos, Bulacan, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to explore the lived experiences of TUP librarians using artificial intelligence tools, examine their familiarity with them, analyze how they utilize AI tools in the profession, and investigate drawbacks and opportunities learned from their experiences.

Methodology: The mixed-methods approach is particularly suitable for investigating TUP librarians' lived experiences in using Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools. The quantitative portion utilized a descriptive approach, while the qualitative portion utilized a case study approach. A structured interview protocol with open-ended and closed-ended questions was observed to gather detailed information about librarians' experiences and perspectives on AI tools. Frequency and percentage were used to determine the most frequently used AI tools. Thematic analysis was used to analyze statements from the informants, leading to codes and themes. 

Results: Grammarly was revealed to be the most familiar AI tool among TUP librarians. On the contrary, Research Rabbit, Litmaps, Kuki, and Endnote were the least familiar among the informants. Moreover, informants use AI tools in writing and editing tasks, marketing, promotion, instruction, and referencing and citation. The informants utilized three major mechanisms and strategies: (1) adaptation, (2) specificity, and (3) cost-efficiency. The informants perceived multiple advantages and disadvantages of using AI tools. 

Conclusion: The TUP librarians were using AI tools to ease their day-to-day transactions in the profession. Various mechanisms and strategies were used to maximize the potential of AI in librarianship. Since the librarians were aware of the disadvantages of AI tools, their need for continuous updates on the trends may minimize the risks of these disadvantages. 

Keywords: familiarization, utilization, Artificial Intelligence (AI), librarianship

Corral, John Loui Mark, Lara, Jose Alejandro Constantino L., Sison, Louis Robert C., & Yambao, Francis Michael P., Centro Escolar University, Manila, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to identify the organizational culture (OC) dimensions that influence pre-service and in-service mathematics teachers' adversity quotient (AQ). 

Methodology: The causal-comparative quantitative research is utilized to achieve the goals of this paper. Through the Adversity Quotient and Organizational Culture Questionnaire, the data were gathered among 258 selected pre-service and in-service mathematics teachers from a public state university in Bulacan through stratified random sampling. Data is analyzed through frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation, and multiple regression analysis.

Results: Both the groups have moderate AQ. Moreover, both groups were exposed to a positive OC. Specifically, there is no significant difference between the two groups with the AQ and its four dimensions - control, ownership, reach, and endurance. However, there is a significant difference between the OC of the two groups, specifically the support dimension, indicating a higher level from the pre-service teachers than the in-service teachers. No significant difference exists between the two groups regarding the other three dimensions of OC, namely success, mission, and bureaucracy. 

Conclusion: The success dimension positively affects the control dimension, ownership dimension, and the overall AQ of the pre-service teachers. On the other hand, the support dimension negatively affects the control dimension of the AQ, and the bureaucracy dimension positively affects the endurance dimension of the AQ for the in-service teachers.

Keywords: adversity quotient, organizational culture, pre-service mathematics teachers, in-service mathematics teachers

Concepcion, John Alvin A., Nicolas, Karina Marie G., Gaffud, Oliva M., & Marcos, Mark Joker L., Isabela State Unversity, Philippines / Faculty of School of Veterinary Medicine, Isabela State University, Echague, Philippines / Faculty of College of Agriculture, Isabela State University, Echague, Philippines

Abstract: 

Aim: Consumer’s demand for food products with low content of saturated fat pushed industry and researchers to find alternative food sources and continue investigations on underestimated traditional food sources. A healthy diet became a priority in sustainable production and consumption because of the increasing number of scientific evidence linking quality and quantity of food consumption to human health. Rabbit meat is repeatedly suggested as a functional food and as an attractive part of a healthy diet, mainly due to its high nutritional value. The present study aimed to evaluate the response of growing rabbits fed with varying levels of pelleted spent mushroom substrates (SMS) on their growth performance.

Methodology: The study was laid out following the completely randomized design and utilized the following treatments T1 - Home-mixed ration with no Spent Mushroom Substrates (SMS), T2¬- Home-mixed ration with 5% Spent Mushroom Substrates (SMS), T3- Home-mixed ration with 10% Spent Mushroom Substrates (SMS) ,T4- Home-mixed ration with 15% Spent Mushroom Substrates (SMS) and T5- Home-mixed ration with 20% Spent Mushroom Substrates (SMS) all the feed samples were pelleted. The feeding trial lasted for seven weeks.

Results: The study observed that the inclusion of spent mushroom substrates had no significant effect on the overall growth performance of male New Zealand white rabbits. However, higher lion weight was observed on rabbits with 5% SMS on their diet. Whereas, higher inclusion of SMS (15 and 20%), obtained heavier belly weights. In terms of return on investment the inclusion of 15% fermented spent mushroom substrates had the highest return with 13.71%.

Conclusion: The inclusion of 5, 10, 15 and 20% SMS to the feeds of growing New Zealand White rabbits for seven (7) weeks showed no significant differences on the compared to the control groups with no spent mushroom substrates (SMS) inclusion. Therefore, it is concluded that the utilization of spent mushroom substrates as alternative feed for rabbits has no detrimental effect on the growth performance of rabbits.

Keywords: Growth, Pelleted, Spent Mushroom Substrates

Manalo, Randolph C., Laguna State Polytechnic University-San Pablo City Campus, Laguna, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study attempted to determine the impact of the integration of Active Learning strategies in Araling Panlipunan 10 on the level of 21st century learning skills to Grade 10 Learners. 

Methodology: This study used an experimental pre-test/post-test questionnaire that focuses on the effect on the 21^st century skills among Grade 10 students upon the integration of Active Learning strategies. This was conducted to one section of Grade 10 learners, composed of 50 students of Sto. Tomas Integrated High School, located in Calauan, Laguna, Philippines. Purposive sampling method was used. The researcher conducted several active learning strategies particularly the think-pair-share, role-playing and community interviews. 21^st century skills measured are the so-called 4C’s namely Critical Thinking, Communication, Creativity and Innovation and Collaboration skills.

Results: Based on the results of the study, upon the integration of Active learning strategies, all of the 21^st century skills of the learners improved. Likewise, their level on these skills also progressed. Significant difference from their pre-test scores and post-test scores also showed as all of these skills had a value of less than 0.05 level. 

Conclusion: The 21^st century skills of the learners were really upgraded or improved upon the integration of active learning strategies. With the use of those strategies, learners deepen their understanding of the given lessons. Active learning strategies also enable the learners to apply their learnings to real life situations or in the community as well. 

Keywords: Active learning, Critical Thinking, Communication, Collaboration, Creativity and Innovation

Carvajal, Adrian Lawrence P., Professional Regulation Commission, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This research investigates the role of cultural and moral consensus in strengthening national security through a unified national identity in the Philippines. The study aims to explore how shared cultural symbols, traditions, values, and moral frameworks contribute to national cohesion, social stability, and resilience against internal and external threats. Specifically, it examines the relationships between cultural and moral consensus, crisis resilience, and inclusivity in a multicultural context.

Methodology: A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing a structured survey distributed to 150 respondents, including government officials, cultural representatives, and community leaders. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including ANOVA and correlation analyses, to examine differences and relationships among variables.

Results: The findings reveal that cultural and moral consensus significantly enhances national security by fostering unity, mitigating social and political conflicts, and improving crisis resilience. Key cultural symbols and traditions, such as the Filipino flag, bayanihan, and national festivals, were identified as critical elements in promoting a unified national identity. Inclusivity and the engagement of marginalized groups were found to be essential for achieving moral consensus and social stability. Statistically significant differences in perceptions of cultural and moral consensus were observed among respondent groups, highlighting the unique contributions of each to national security efforts.

Conclusion:  The study concludes that cultural and moral consensus is a cornerstone of national security, particularly in a multicultural nation. It underscores the need for education programs that prioritize shared values, inclusive policies, and collaboration between cultural and security organizations. 

Recommendation:  Recommendations include promoting cultural heritage, fostering grassroots initiatives, and leveraging digital platforms to advance cultural and moral advocacy.

Keywords: National security, cultural consensus, moral consensus, inclusivity, national identity

Carvajal, Adrian Lawrence P., Professional Regulation Commission, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the practices, challenges, and opportunities associated with Completed Staff Work (CSW) implementation among select Philippine government agencies. Specifically, the research sought to determine the demographic profile of respondents, identify current CSW practices, examine execution challenges, explore enhancement opportunities, and assess significant differences in perceptions of CSW when grouped by demographic profiles. 

Methodology: A quantitative descriptive research design was employed, utilizing a structured questionnaire distributed to government employees purposively sampled from various agencies. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics and ANOVA were used to analyze the data.

Results: The findings revealed that while CSW practices were generally implemented, inconsistencies in application across organizational levels were noted. The most significant challenges included resource constraints, high workloads, and insufficient training. Respondents identified several opportunities for improvement, such as introducing standardized templates, integrating technology, and conducting regular training programs. ANOVA results indicated no significant differences in perceptions of CSW practices and challenges across demographic profiles, although a near-significant trend was observed in perceptions of opportunities, particularly among respondents with varying levels of familiarity with CSW.

Conclusion:   CSW is recognized as a valuable administrative framework for enhancing decision-making efficiency. However, addressing the identified challenges and leveraging opportunities for improvement are critical for optimizing its implementation. 

Recommendation:  The study recommends the standardization of CSW guidelines, the adoption of digital tools, increased funding for training, and inter-agency collaboration to share best practices. Further research on the integration of advanced technologies into CSW processes is also suggested.

Keywords: Completed Staff Work (CSW), governance, public administration, challenges, opportunities

Macale, Ramila Joy S., & Abanto, Rusty G., Department of Education Schools Division Office of Camarines Norte, Philippines / Camarines Norte State College, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study described DepEd Camarines Norte in terms of mandates, number of schools, teaching and non-teaching personnel, learners, and budget; identified the challenges and opportunities in digitalization encountered along manpower, facilities (software and hardware); determined the level of readiness for digitalization along manpower, structure, processes and technology; and proposed an action plan to assist DepEd Camarines Norte’s digitalization initiative.

Methodology: The study employed a descriptive survey method and used a pre-tested survey questionnaire to gather the desired primary data. Likewise, documentary analysis was used for the secondary data. It had total respondents of 210 SDO personnel and school heads from the 14 districts and were selected using purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results: DepEd Camarines Norte operates under strong legal frameworks to ensure quality education, focusing on curriculum, teacher training, infrastructure, and financial management, while promoting technology and innovation aiming on digitalization efforts with its 319 schools and 185,068 learners. The budget steadily increased from Php 1.87 billion in 2017 to over Php 3.22 billion in 2024 yet combined ICT-related and DCP budget only accounted for approximately 0.668% of the total budget. Challenges identified are limited ICT funding, staff shortages, and equipment constraints. The Division shows readiness for digital adoption but needs improvements in IT staffing and infrastructure. Key opportunities include enhancing productivity through digital tools, streamlining workflows, and improving maintenance. 

Conclusion: DepEd upholds quality education and services aligned with its mandates. DepEd Camarines Norte faces challenges despite adequate resources and partnerships. The budget grew, but ICT funding remains low, requiring greater prioritization. Challenges include health impacts from ICT use, limited IT staff, lack of computers and peripherals, and insufficient management support. Opportunities comprise of productivity improvements, digital focus in hiring process, online information dissemination, and better hardware maintenance. While the Division is mostly ready for digitalization, IT staffing and infrastructure need improvement. The proposed action plan outlines various activities that could potentially be taken into consideration to assist DepEd Camarines Norte achieve its digitalization objectives.

Keywords: digitalization, challenges and opportunities, level of readiness, information and communications technology

Nazareno, Amabelle, Universidad de Sta. Isabel, Naga City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: In the dynamic landscape of education, leadership is pivotal in shaping institutions and fostering a conducive learning environment. This study examined the relationship between leadership behaviors and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) in public secondary schools in Calabanga District, Camarines Sur, Philippines. It focused on leadership dimensions such as setting goals, initiating structure, consideration, and communication, and their impact on OCB constructs including civic virtue, conscientiousness, altruism, and courtesy. 

Methodology: This study employed a mixed-method approach, integrating both quantitative and qualitative research methods to comprehensively examine the relationship between leadership behaviors of school heads and the quality of teachers' Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCBs) in the public secondary schools of Calabanga District, Camarines Sur.

Results: The factors were promotion of collaboration and shared goals, enforcement of rules and regulations, setting the tone for the school environment, empowerment and support and personal experience and holistic leadership. The findings revealed a strong and cohesive leadership approach among school heads, with an overall mean of 3.49, indicating effective leadership practices. High levels of OCB, especially in altruism and courtesy, were observed, though there is room to enhance conscientiousness and civic virtue. There is a strong correlation between overall leadership behavior and OCB. This overarching relationship underscores the important role of leadership in shaping organizational culture and fostering a climate conducive to discretionary behaviors. Effective leadership, encompassing goal-setting, structuring, consideration, and communication, serves as a catalyst for eliciting OCB among faculty. Recommendations include ongoing professional development and fostering a positive school climate.

Conclusion: The factors of promotion of collaboration and shared goals, enforcement of rules and regulations, setting the tone for the school environment, empowerment and support, and personal experience and holistic leadership collectively contribute to effective leadership practices in educational institutions.

Keywords: Leadership behavior, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Sustainability plan

Carvajal, Adrian Lawrence, Sanchez, Richard, Pangilinan, Angelyn, & Sario, Jay, Professional Regulation Commission, Philippines, ETCOR Educational Research Center, Philippines, University of Makati, Philippines, University of Perpetual Help System Dalta, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of underhelping and overhelping in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives, with a focus on stakeholder perceptions and the challenges of balancing assistance levels. Specifically, the research sought to determine the profile of respondents from companies with active CSR programs, assess their perceptions of underhelping and overhelping, examine the social, economic, and environmental impacts of these practices, identify challenges in implementation, and investigate significant relationships between respondent profiles and CSR perceptions. Finally, the study aimed to develop best practices and policy recommendations to enhance CSR effectiveness.

Methodology: A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing a structured survey distributed to respondents, including CSR managers, coordinators, community leaders, and beneficiaries. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, weighted mean scores, and correlation analysis to identify relationships between respondent profiles and perceptions of underhelping and overhelping.

Results: The findings revealed that underhelping is perceived to limit the success of CSR initiatives due to insufficient resources and unmet community needs, while overhelping fosters dependency and diminishes community empowerment. CSR programs positively impacted education, health, skills development, and environmental conservation, but challenges such as misalignment with long-term community needs, funding constraints, and inadequate monitoring and evaluation hindered their sustainability. No significant relationships were found between demographic profiles and perceptions of CSR challenges, suggesting universal recognition of these issues.

Conclusion:  The study concluded that effective CSR requires strategic alignment with community priorities, robust stakeholder engagement, and the integration of best practices such as needs assessments, transparent resource allocation, and regular monitoring. 

Recommendation: It recommended adopting supportive policies, fostering public-private partnerships, and providing training for CSR implementers to enhance program impact and sustainability.

Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Underhelping, Overhelping, Stakeholder Perceptions, Sustainable Development

Xu, Jingjing, Lyceum of the Philippines University, Batangas, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to explore the multifaceted challenges that non-English majors face in acquiring effective English writing skills and to propose strategies for addressing these obstacles.

Methodology: The research involves a systematic investigation of the current state of English writing instruction for non-English majors in China, identifying the key linguistic, educational, and cultural factors that impact writing performance. The primary data collection method used in this study is semi-structured interviews. This approach allows for in-depth exploration of participants' experiences and perceptions, providing comprehensive insights into the challenges and strategies related to English writing instruction.

Results: The study reveals significant deficiencies in English writing skills among non-English majors, largely attributed to insufficient exposure to authentic language use, inadequate instructional practices, and cultural disparities. Key factors such as motivation, foundational language skills, and pedagogical approaches are identified as critical areas needing improvement.

Conclusion: Enhancing English writing skills among non-English majors requires a multifaceted approach that includes collaborative learning, increased language input and output, continuous modification and feedback, and improved teaching efficacy. The study provides practical recommendations for educators and policymakers to support the development of effective English writing skills in this demographic, thereby contributing to the broader discourse on English language education in China.

Key words: English writing strategy, writing performance, non-English majors

Zhao, Xiaoyan, Anhui university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui, China / Lyceum of the Philippines University, Batangas, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The overall purpose of this study is to investigate the level of critical thinking skills and writing performance among EFL students in China.

Methodology: The descriptive-correlational research method was employed to depict and analyze the respondents on critical thinking skills and writing performance.

Results: Among the cited indicators, skills of analysis and skills of evaluation got the equal mean score of 3.09; skills of reasoning, with a score of 3.07, which is a little lower. This shows that respondents are able to use the skills of reasoning in process of learning, however, not as well as that in using skills of analysis and evaluation. Table of Summary for Writing Performance posted a composite mean score of 3.13, indicating the respondents’ satisfaction in their writing performance.

Conclusions: The respondents applied critical thinking skills in their learning process, among which skills of reasoning was lower compared with skills of analysis and skills of evaluation. The respondents’ writing performance was of moderate degree, with better performance on writing accuracy and writing creativity; writing fluency turned out to be more difficult compared to the other two. No significant differences were identified in the effectiveness of critical thinking and writing performance when categorized by gender and major. However, more proficient learners demonstrated a preference for incorporating critical thinking skills in their writing.

Keywords:  Critical Thinking Skills, Writing performance, EFL students

Capurian, Angelo V., Martin, Artemio Jr. A., Madrid, Melchor C., & Rocha, Lucila V., Isabela State University, Echague, Isabela, Philippines / Faculty of College of Agriculture, Isabela State University, Echague, Isabela, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: Climate change is a pressing global issue, and carbon sequestration plays a vital role in mitigating its effects. This study aimed to evaluate the carbon sink potential of soil applied with different rates of vermichar.

Methodology: This study was conducted in a field experiment at a farmer’s field school in FDN Integrated Farm, Ballesteros, Aurora, Isabela. A series of test was conducted, which included the following: comparison of the physico-chemical composition of the formulated vermichar; determination of the microbial population count of soils applied with vermichar; and evaluation the efficacy of vermichar as a nutrient supplement to the crop. The study employed Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications.

Results: The application of different rates of vermichar has greatly affected the soil physico-chemical properties as well as the microbial activity in the soil. The T6 Vermichar 75:25 showed the highest potential for enhancing the carbon sequestration capacity of the soil, due to the increased microbial activity and diversity and  T3 Vermicast showed also the highest potential for enhancing the carbon sequestration capacity of the soil, due to the increased fungal count. The increased microbial activity and fungal communities in these treatments contributed to the improved stabilization and long-term storage of organic carbon in the soil. Higher proportion of vermicast (75:25) appears to be the most effective soil amendment based on their superior organic matter and nutrient content, making them ideal choices for improving soil fertility and plant growth.

Conclusion: The application of vermichar as soil amendments can significantly enhance the carbon sequestration potential of soils. Its usage is applicable for the attainment of sustainable agriculture practices and climate change mitigation. It has shown a significant increased in the soil organic matter content. The increase in soil organic matter is beneficial for improving soil fertility, water-holding capacity, and overall soil health

Keywords: vermichar, carbon sequestration, vermicast,  soil amendments, physic-chemical properties

Ramos, Keith A., Rocha, Lucila V., Martin Jr., Artemio A., & Sugue, Raphy A., Isabela State University, Echague, Isabela, Philippines / Faculty of College of Agriculture, Isabela State University, Echague, Isabela, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study examined rice farmers' understanding and perspectives regarding harvest and postharvest losses in Palanan, a coastal municipality.

Methodology: Using descriptive statistics and Slovin's formula, questionnaires were administered through face-to-face interviews. A total of 324 (261 male and 63 female) rice farmers were randomly surveyed from the 17 barangays of Palanan, Isabela.

Results: Results indicate a predominance of middle-aged farmers, with ages 30 to 59 representing 87.4% of the sample, showcasing a comprehensive representation across different age brackets. Farmers acknowledge significant losses during transportation, threshing, drying, and storage, with traditional methods often linked to higher losses. They recognize the impact of factors like drying materials, milling methods, rice variety, and crop management on yield and grain quality. Challenges in managing postharvest losses include inadequate storage facilities, although farmers perceive financial support and extension services as effective solutions.

Conclusion: The study underscores the need to invest in infrastructure, financial aid, and extension services to enhance farmers' capacity in mitigating losses and improving rice production efficiency.

Keywords: Rice farmers, harvest losses, post-harvest losses, Methods of harvesting

Regala, Gary Z., Schools Division Office, DepEd, Manila, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study focused on studying the adoption of bridging leadership towards co-created innovation for a selected government school in compliance with DepEd Order No. 34, series 2022.

Methodology: The research used a qualitative method and document analysis to analyze the implementation of co-created innovation in the school.

Results: Results showed that the school addressed challenges of learning delivery modalities during the pandemic, ensuring safety for students and teachers. The Learning Recovery and Continuity Plan (LRCP) was formed by the School Head, Master Teachers, and stakeholders, following five principles: safety and prevention, ensuring learning continuity, facilitating safe learning spaces, sensitivity to equity considerations, and linkages to existing educational thrusts. This strategy not only directly benefits students but also enhances the entire school community by promoting a sense of shared purpose and collective responsibility. The school administration adopted the concept of co-creation leadership to encourage a welcoming and cooperative atmosphere among educators, parents, and students. Involving all interested parties in the decision-making process increased the sense of ownership, created a common goal, and increased accountability for the school's accomplishments. The adoption of a Co-Created Innovation resulted in favorable outcomes, including heightened teacher autonomy, enhanced student participation, and active family engagement in their children's education. The establishment of ownership, co-ownership, and co-creation fostered a dynamic and all-encompassing learning atmosphere in which collaboration flourished, and every individual had a vested interest in the achievement of the school. The implementation of bridging leadership and co-created innovation in a government school has led to enhanced student performance and a more cohesive school community. As a result, student achievement improved, and the school community grew stronger, demonstrating the power of Bridging Leadership in a school setting.

Conclusion: The study showed that a selected government school complied with DepEd Order No. 34, series 2022 allowing school to offer blended learning modality and full distance learning options to their students. A Co-Created Innovation applying Bridging Leadership was implemented by the school head of a selected government school.

Keywords: Bridging leadership, co-created innovation, government school, learning modality

Capati, Justin D., Calapardo, Joan F., Mandal, Esperanza L., Department of Education, City Schools Division Office of Antipolo, Antipolo City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the effects of Project CLASS StAR in the academic performance of Grade 7 students of Old Boso-Boso National High School.

Methodology: The study used quasi-experimental design to determine the effect of integrated performance task in the academic achievement of grade 7 students of Old Boso-Boso National High School, in the City Schools Division of Antipolo. This study utilized purposive sampling method. Project CLASS STAR stands for Creative Learning Approach and Strategies in Science which aimed to lessen the number of students who failed the subject and identified StAR. The said project was formulated based on the results of survey administered to the respondents of the study. The project follows the 10 steps and/ or processes of continuous improvement (CI) project. The interventions were formulated based on the results of root cause analysis.

Results: The study reveals the three main difficulties or dilemma faced by the grade 7 students were the time constraint, overlapping activities in all subject areas and financial concerns which directly affect their capabilities to comply and submit performance tasks. Most of them are dealing with a handful of activities which lessens the completion rate and results to poor performance assessments. The number of StAR of failing the subject and those who failed in science declines to 50% with the help of the intervention program. It was proven helpful and effective because the integrated performance task accelerates the completion rate and improves the result of the performance assessment.

Conclusion: The proposed intervention positively addresses the abovementioned difficulties. The implementation of Integrated Performance Task was effective and evident because of the increase in the completion rate in the performance assessment.

Keywords: students at risk (StAR), integrated performance task, intervention

Pasuquin, Kristhel Joy S., Isabela State University, Echague, Isabela, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of various growth promotant applied as foliar spray on garlic cultivation.

Methodology: Five foliar fertilizers (Vermitea, Fermented Fruit Juice, Manure Tea, AMO, and Gibberellic acid) and pure water as control each applied at a rate of three liters per hectare, along with basal application of vermicompost at 10 bags per hectare were subjected to a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The study was conducted at the Provincial Plant Nursery – Annex of the Provincial Agriculture Office located at Brgy. Alibagu, City of Ilagan, Isabela from September to December, 2022 to determine the effects of growth enhancers as foliar spray on garlic.  Using five sources of foliar fertilizers, the study was laid out in RCBD replicated three times.

Results: Based on the findings of the study, the utilization of growth promotant particularly AMO or Vermitea, into the cultivation practices enhances the weight of garlic bulbs, consequently increasing the overall bulb yield.

Conclusion: The application of growth promotants through foliar spray had a significant effect on the fresh and dry weights as well as the bulb yield of garlic. Particularly, among the foliar fertilizers tested, AMO and Vermitea resulted in the highest bulb weight, leading to increased profits. These discoveries underscore the potential advantages of foliar fertilizers in augmenting both garlic bulb weight and overall yield, showing its potential applicability in garlic cultivation.  

Keywords: Garlic, growth promotant, foliar fertilizer, bulb

Fernandez, Ma. Sally M., Isabela State University, Echague, Isabela, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the performance of onion seedlings applied with plant growth enhancer as a foliar spray and vermicompost in the soil media, as source of planting material for off-season planting.

Methodology: This study was conducted at the nursery area of the Provincial Agriculture Office from January to February 2023. The seedlings were applied with plant growth enhancer as a foliar spray and vermicompost in the soil media. The study was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications.  Five treatments and a control were employed in the study using vermicompost at recommended rates and different levels of AMO foliar fertilizer.

Results: Results indicated that there was no notable effect in plant height at 15 days after planting however, at 35 days after planting, variations in seedling heights were observed among treatments.  Specifically, plants applied with foliar fertilizer alone (3 liters AMO) and the plants applied with combination of 10 bags of vermicompost per hectare and 3 liters per hectare of AMO foliar fertilizer resulted in tallest plants.  Leaf count at 35 days after sowing likewise was not influenced by fertilization. However, the combined application of vermicompost and foliar fertilizer effectively increased seedling weight, indicating potential advantages for onion growth and development.

Conclusion: Onion seedlings during off-season planting is feasible following the recommended rate of 10 bags vermicompost and AMO foliar fertilizer at 3 liters per hectare. Despite no significant effect being demonstrated in growth parameters except at 35 days after sowing, the effectiveness in increasing seedling weight is realized, suggesting its potential to enhance the growth and development of onions, which is crucial for successful transplanting and ultimately higher yields in onion cultivation.

Keywords: Onion seedlings, off-season planting, plant growth enhancer, onion bulb

Muring, John Richard M., Philippine Merchant Marine Academy Zambales, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This thesis examined the readiness of the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) in radiation monitoring and surveillance within the country's maritime jurisdiction. This study evaluated the current capabilities, infrastructure, and protocols of the PCG to handle radiological incidents effectively.

Methodology: To thoroughly examine the Philippine Coast Guard's (PCG) capacity building and readiness for the surveillance and monitoring of radioactivity for maritime safety and coastal environment preservation, this study employed qualitative research methods. Specifically, the study utilized interviews, document analysis, and inventory assessment. 

Results: The Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) workforce mostly holds Bachelor's degrees, but lacks specialized training in radioactivity monitoring and regulatory procedures. While the PCG has received some training from the USA Defense Threat Reduction Agency, it has only been offered once. The PCG has limited yet critical equipment, including the Polimaster Gamma-Neutron Personal Radiation Detector and the RadSeeker CS Smith Detection radioisotope identifier device. However, more equipment and effective training on their use and maintenance are urgently needed. The PCG currently lacks a strategic framework for radioactivity surveillance and there is no comprehensive policy to guide radioactivity monitoring activities in alignment with international standards.

Conclusion: The analysis of the PCG's preparedness for this role reveals a mixed picture. On the one hand, the PCG boasts a workforce with a solid educational foundation, predominantly composed of individuals with Bachelor's Degrees, indicating a well-educated team. On the other hand, there are significant gaps in specialized training, particularly in radioactivity monitoring and regulatory procedures, which are essential for effective environmental protection and compliance.

Keywords: Surveillance and monitoring, Radiation, Philippine Coast Guard

Breis, Dennis C., Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to develop a scoring system for mobile phones sold by Mazuma Mobile Australia that targets the highest profit margin for each device.

Methodology: This study utilized scenario planning as its research design. Scenario planning is a qualitative research methodology that involves creating multiple future scenarios based on different assumptions or variables to forecast potential outcomes. The process includes identifying the focus, defining key factors, developing scenarios, analyzing outcomes, developing flexible strategies, communicating, and implementing them, and continuously monitoring and updating the scenarios. By systematically considering uncertainties and their implications, scenario planning enables organizations to prepare for a range of possible futures and make informed decisions to manage risks and seize opportunities. 

Results: Results show that the system is extremely satisfactory. Results reveal that the total mean of the findings for the qualities used in the analysis is 4.7, which indicates that the study's participants firmly agreed that the system is acceptable to users and suitable for use in the company because it met the ISO standard.

Conclusion: The development of a scoring system for mobile phones sold by Mazuma Mobile Australia is a significant undertaking that holds great importance for various stakeholders. The scoring system aimed to optimize pricing strategies and maximize profit margins for each device sold. By considering factors such as stock age, demand per sale, expected margins, and competitor prices, Mazuma Mobile can ensure that its pricing decisions are data-driven and objective, leading to increased profitability and better resource utilization.

Keywords: Mobile Phones, Phone Recycling, Stock auctions, Price Scraping

Carvajal, Adrian Lawrence P., Professional Regulation Commission, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This research aimed to explore the relevance and impact of heliotropic leadership practices in the public sector, focusing on their influence on employee performance, job satisfaction, and service delivery. It sought to develop a framework for integrating these practices into public sector management to enhance organizational outcomes.

Methodology:  A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing a structured questionnaire to collect data from public sector leaders and employees. The study involved 200 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The survey included questions to measure perceptions of heliotropic leadership, employee performance, job satisfaction, and service delivery. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between improvements in employee performance and service delivery.

Results: The findings indicate a strong positive perception of heliotropic leadership practices among respondents, with high relevance to the public sector. Key practices such as continuous feedback, positive reinforcement, and strength-based development were identified as highly effective. The study found a significant positive relationship between perceived improvement in employee performance and the degree of improvement in service delivery. Challenges identified include bureaucratic constraints, resistance to change, limited resources, and a lack of training programs.

Conclusion:  Heliotropic leadership is highly effective in the public sector, leading to significant improvements in employee performance, job satisfaction, and service delivery. The strong positive correlation between employee performance and service delivery underscores the critical role of effective leadership in achieving organizational excellence. Despite facing challenges, the implementation of heliotropic leadership practices can result in a motivated and engaged workforce, ultimately enhancing public sector performance.

Keywords: Heliotropic Leadership, Public Sector, Employee Performance, Service Delivery, Positive Reinforcement

Alarcon, John Lloyd P., & Monterola, Raffy G., Paramount School of Arts, Languages, Management, and Sciences, Inc., Philippines / STI College – Valencia, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the perception of the private school teachers on their professional development, working environment, and retention.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive, correlational design using surveys to determine the relationship between the variables. This study was conducted at the different private schools in Bukidnon, Philippines, with 156 randomly selected respondents. The study utilized three different instruments: the Teacher Perceptions of Professional Learning (TPPL) Survey (Yates, 2007), the Teacher Working Conditions Survey (Hirsch & Emerick, 2007; NCDPI, 2023), and the Teacher Retention Survey (North Carolina Department of Public Instruction, 2023). Pilot testing was done to ensure the reliability of the instruments in the local context.

Results: The results revealed that the professional development scale has an overall score of 4.05 with an interpretation "of agree," the working environment has a score of 4.07, interpreted as "agree," and teacher retention with a score of 3.92 and interpreted as "agree." Additionally, the association between working environment and teacher retention is 0.013, but the correlation between professional development and teacher retention is 0.078. These are significant at the p < 0.10 level of significance. Consequently, the study's hypothesis is rejected.

Conclusion: Teachers in private schools report high levels of satisfaction with the professional development programs and frequent engagement. The school leadership, teacher empowerment, facilities, and resources are the aspects of the working environment that the instructors find satisfactory. Additionally, it may be adjusted in terms of how time is used, such as by allocating more time for teaching and learning preparation. In terms of retention,  it turned out that the private school teacher thought their chances of staying at their current school were either good or average. It was shown that there is a noteworthy correlation between teacher retention, the working environment, and professional growth. Consequently, the study's hypothesis is rejected. It suggests that working conditions and professional growth have a significant impact on private school teachers' retention rates.

Keywords: professional development, working environment, teacher retention, private school teachers

Lupas, Lyca B., Olchondra, Judy Ann A., Irinco, Jabel Philip L., & Nobis, Martin Jr. L., University of Eastern Philippines Laoang Campus

Abstract

Aim: This study looked into the obstacles BSED Mathematics majors at the University of Eastern Philippines experience as they prepare to become math teachers and examines the methods they employ to get beyond such obstacles. It also looked at the methods these children use to learn to build a solid foundation in mathematics.

Methodology: The research method used in this study is qualitative. Focus groups and interviews with twenty-four Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSED) Math students - eight from each year level - were conducted as part of a qualitative study . Thematic analysis was used in the data analysis process to find recurring themes in the student replies.

Results: The results showed that the respondents' typical problems were grasping concepts, solving problems, having trouble remembering things, and having a weak foundation in math. However, the study also identified five crucial learning strategies that were useful in helping the respondents get past the challenges they faced when learning mathematics. These strategies include watching video tutorials, practicing consistently, employing multiple learning methods, focusing on understanding, and seeking help from a variety of sources.

Conclusion: This study will equip future math teachers with valuable tools to unlock the secrets of mathematical success in their students. Aspiring educators who engage with this research will be empowered to develop a solid foundation in mathematics themselves. This, in turn, will allow them to confidently mentor their students by emphasizing deep comprehension over rote memory, adopting a variety of learning strategies, requesting assistance frequently, and practicing regularly.

Keywords: Mathematics education, learning challenges, strategies in mathematics, conceptual understanding, Problem-solving in mathematics

Domingo, Aljane Mari O., Sayson, Matria Ashlee F., Hubilla, Kyx M., Somera, Lucky Elijah Mae P., Rafael, Mark Yohance Y., & Villarama, Joseph A., Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This paper determined the effects of heteronormativity on students’ confidence and competence in academe, including their adaptation towards sexual marginalization in society.

Methodology: This study used a qualitative case study design which focused on (1) weight of heteronormativity in the (a) academic confidence and (b) competence of LGBTQIA+ individuals and (2) their adaptation toward sexual marginalization. The research used a case study approach, utilizing one-on-one semi-structured interviews, to determine and explain the participants’ lived experience in terms of receiving gender discrimination and traditional norms. Data gathered were from self-constructed, open-ended questionnaires reviewed and approved by the Central Luzon State University Ethics Research Committee.

Results: Findings revealed insights into the struggles faced by LGBTQIA+ students at Central Luzon State University such as deterioration of confidence, rejection of sexual diversity, inhibition of authenticity, LGBTQIA+ disparity, and overcoming bigotry. Religion showed significant results as a factor of heteronormativity, enclosed in five themes. In addition, heteronormativity was said to be a shared idea, which contributed to criticisms driven by prejudice. These traditions and practices were preserved in Filipino culture. Thus, incorporating a mindset that there should only be two genders. However, the study showed that a solid support system contributes significantly in embracing and expressing the genuine self and in learning the capacity in terms of competing in school academics while syncing to genuine self–being authentic.

Conclusion: Heteronormativity is a manifestation of influence of culture and religion. It prevails worldwide because religion, especially Christianity, dominates the population. Blind attachment to underdeveloped and outdated traditions and views from religion and culture generates grave impacts on the confidence and competence of LGBTQIA+ students. However, the results showed that a solid support system contributes significantly to their journey in embracing and expressing their genuine self, and in learning their capacity in terms of competing in school academics. Further, it is recommended to have a wider scope of the study, encompassing people outside Central Luzon State University with different reasons resulting from their struggles with heteronormativity and people who still consider the importance of practicing heteronormativity.

Keywords: Academic Confidence and Competence; LGBTQIA+ Community; Heteronormativity; Obsolete Traditions; Sexual Marginalization; Sexual Bigotry; Negative Distinctions

Flores, Josie E., Isabela State University-Echague, Isabela, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study was carried out to assess the effects of plant extracts and biopesticides as pest management options in eggplant.

Methodology: This study used an experimental design to determine the effect of biopesticides as biocontrol agent against fruit and shoot borer in eggplant. This study was conducted at Barangay Bagnos, Alicia, Isabela with 5 treatments: Treatment 1 (T1)- Control-no biopesticides applied, T2-Aloe Vera Extract, T3-Neem Leaves Extract, T4-Beauveria sp. And T5- Isaria sp.

Results: The effect of biopesticides as biocontrol agent in eggplant control/minimize the incidence of fruit and shoot borer of eggplant.

Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that among the various plant extracts and biopesticide tested, Aloe vera exhibits significant potential as an effective pesticide for managing pests on eggplant. Aloe vera did not caused any phytotoxic effect on the growth and development of the crop.

Keywords: Entomopathogenic fungi, leaf extract, fruit and shoot borer, Aloe vera, neem leaves

Ojano, Daniel P., Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study was carried out to propose the development and implementation of a state-of-the-art location tracking system tailored to the needs of the Philippine Army.

Methodology: The descriptive and quality improvement type of research were directed to accomplish the objectives of the project. The proponent conducted surveys and interviews with the Philippine Army personnel who are assigned to Infantry Battalions and other Philippine Army Major Units to develop a Military Operations Location Tracking System (MOLTS) that will benefit the Military on monitoring and planning combat operations.

Results: The study conducted successful testing and the whole system is functional, reliable, and accurate.

Conclusion: The prototype was developed to automate the manual transmission of location of troops. It improves the situational awareness in the field, assist the commanders during prompt decision making, provide precise location information of military personnel, and overall operational effectiveness.

Keywords: Military Operations, Location Tracking System, Philippine Army

Chua, Cris Vornfrey R., Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to develop a gunfire detection device that can identify and locate the source of the gunshot in any circumstance.

Methodology: The proponent aimed to make a descriptive as well as accurate study. The study employed qualitative and quantitative approaches to collect and analyze the data. To develop the planned project known as the Gunfire Direction Finder System (GDFS) into a gadget that would be beneficial to the proponent, it is the proponent’s intention to collect data from a few officers and individuals working for the AFP. The proponent’s goal is to create a device that is not only useful but also simple to operate.

Results: The study conducted shows the completion of the device development and the successful calibration and testing of the functionality of the device. The output is equal to the expected output.

Conclusion: The Gunfire Direction Finder System produced some encouraging results in terms of detecting gunshots and determining the estimated direction in which they came from. The system was successful in achieving a high degree of detection accuracy while simultaneously maintaining a low percentage to capture reverberated sound that caused negative results. The direction estimation method generated accurate estimations of the direction in which the gunfire was fired, which enabled law enforcement officials to react quickly and take the proper actions. Distance estimation accuracy varied dependent on ambient conditions and sensor setups. To increase the system's capability of reliably estimating distances across a variety of ranges, further development and enhancements are required. The response speed of the system was satisfactory, allowing law enforcement personnel to get alerts and notifications at the appropriate times.

Keywords: Arduino, Gunfire Direction, Raspberry Pi, Sound sensor

Dollente, Robhie A., Callo, Eden C., Catanauan 1 District / Laguna State Polytechnique University, Faculty of College of Graduate Studies and Applied Research

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the effect of Leader-Member Exchange mediating the relationship between Transformational Leadership and Teachers’ job performance.

Methodology: A quantitative method via descriptive correlational research approach was employed, involving the utilization of a researcher-made questionnaire as the primary data-gathering instrument. A total of one hundred thirty (130) elementary teachers in Catanauan District 1 participated in the survey distributed through google forms, from which they had been selected through a random sampling technique.

Results: The study reveal that elementary teachers in the Catanauan 1 District perceive a 0.458, very high extent, of transformational leadership and report 0.461 a very great extent of positive teaching performance. Transformational leadership significantly enhances both Leader-member exchange (.659**) and teaching performance (.484**). Professional Respect within LMX is highly correlated with various teaching performance indicators. However, LMX does not significantly mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and teacher performance, 0.0159, which remains directly influenced by transformational leadership.

Conclusion: The results concluded that elementary teachers in Catanauan 1 District perceive transformational leadership very positively, correlating with high teaching performance and a supportive school environment. Transformational leadership, especially Idealized Influence and Intellectual Stimulation, strongly enhances Leader-member exchange (LMX) and teaching performance. However, LMX dimensions, including Professional Respect and Affect, do not significantly predict teacher performance, nor do they mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and teacher performance. Thus, transformational leadership directly influences teacher performance, highlighting its critical role in fostering effective educational outcomes.

Keywords: leader-member exchange, mediating role, teachers’ performance, transformational leadership

De Silva, Dianne A., Laguna State Polytechnic University – San Pablo City Campus,  Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to design an instructional intervention plan through analyzing the common errors and skills of Grade 7 students in solving problems.

Methodology: This research used descriptive-developmental design to analyze the error committed in solving problem. Also, the level of problem-solving skills and common errors in problem-solving were assessed using one hundred fourteen (114) Grade 7 students in one National High School in the Philippines. The researcher utilized cluster sampling technique in choosing the respondents of this study. In error analysis, the researcher analyzed students’ solving process to a 10-items worded problem in algebra focused on the least-mastered competencies for the second quarter in Most Essential Learning Competencies under DepEd MATATAG K to 10 Curriculum. The result of the 10-items worded problems were organized and classified based on the adapted-modified rubrics for scoring student level in problem solving provided by the NEA framework and to assessed the level of performance in problem solving among Grade 7 students.

Results: Majority of the students in the face-to-face learning modality had fair problem solving skill (38%; 43 respondents). Students with fair problem solving skills mean that these students demonstrate competency in solving problems but lack depth in understanding. It was found out that majority of the respondents encountered difficulties and committed multiple errors simultaneously. From the interviews of learners who had low problem solving skills, it was also found out that errors committed on certain stage of problem solving were caused by lack of understanding of concepts and terminologies used, carelessness, negligence, poor retention, and poor mastery.

Conclusion: Most students in the face-to-face learning modality had fair problem solving skills. Lack of understanding of terminologies used, carelessness, negligence, poor retention, and poor mastery caused learners to commit errors in solving Algebra word problems. Based from the errors committed by the students, the Instructional Intervention Plan was proposed. The instructional intervention plan includes the following objectives: deepen understanding of terminologies, word problems and process of problem solving; improve recall of symbols, formula, and steps in solving word problems by actively attending to the information; and mastery of problem solving must be strengthen. The plan also included the following strategies: Terminology Matching Game, M4th Pics 1 Word, Error Correction Stations, Project 4F’s and Error Reflection Journal In terms of involvement, the plan only includes the teacher and the learner himself. The resources include instructional materials such as slide presentations, activity sheets, and reflective journals.

Keywords: Newman Error Analysis, Problem Solving Skills, Instructional Intervention Plan

Lacerna, Darleen Joyce D., Department of Education - Danlagan National High School

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to improve students' problem-solving abilities using an error analysis approach and explore the errors made by students and the factors contributing to these errors when solving non-routine problems.

Methodology: The research employed a mixed-method design and cluster sampling to select participants. One section of Grade 9 students from a public secondary school, consisting of 29 diverse learners, took part in the study. Data collection involved tests, interviews, and the implementation of lesson exemplars integrating the error analysis strategy.

Results: The findings indicated a significant improvement in the students’ problem-solving ability level when the error analysis strategy was applied. Initially, reading errors and transformation errors were the most common errors committed by the students while encoding errors after the integration of the strategy. Furthermore, it was found that the lack of understanding, misconceptions, carelessness, lack of mastery, and compounding errors were the factors contributing to the errors committed by the students in solving non-routine problems in trigonometry.

Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the students’ problem abilities before and after the integration of the error analysis strategy in solving non-routine problems in trigonometry. Hence, the researchers suggest teachers and students to utilize the error analysis strategy and give attention to encoding errors.

Keywords: Problem-solving Ability, Error Analysis Strategy, Non-Routine Problem

Pujanes, Joana Marie E., Capulong, Charlyn M., Dingding, Gilceline L., & Pendang, Tressa Maye S., Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study assessed the impact of Teenpreneur: Iligan City Youth Entrepreneurship and Patigayon Awards on the entrepreneurial competencies, entrepreneurial intention, attitude towards becoming an entrepreneur, and socioeconomic status of its participants who are senior high school students, college students, and business educators.

Methodology: This mixed-method research used descriptive, correlational, and key informant interview techniques. A survey was utilized to gather the quantitative data while an interview was employed to gather qualitative data.  Descriptive statistics was used to determine the effect of Teenpreneur on its participants’ entrepreneurial competency, entrepreneurial intention, and attitude toward becoming an entrepreneur. Correlational analysis was used to determine the relationship between the entrepreneurial competency and the attitude towards becoming an entrepreneur of the participants. Conversely, the interview was used to validate the results of the quantitative analysis and determine the social and economic impact of Teenpreneur on its participants.

Results: Results indicate that there are high positive perceptions among participants of Teenpreneur on their entrepreneurial competencies, entrepreneurial intention, and level of attitude towards becoming an entrepreneur. Moreover, there is a positive correlation between entrepreneurial competencies and attitude towards becoming an entrepreneur in the student participants. Lastly, Teenpreneur proved to create a positive impact on the social and economic status of its participants.

Conclusion: Participating in the Teenpreneur: Iligan City Youth Entrepreneurship Congress had a positive impact on participants, especially in their entrepreneurial competencies, their intention to pursue entrepreneurship, and their attitude toward becoming entrepreneurs. Additionally, not only did Teenpreneur improve the attitude of the students towards entrepreneurship, it also aided in the development of better teaching pedagogies in the Senior High Schools in Iligan City. Ultimately, Teenpreneur has helped develop the social and economic state of its participants.

Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Extension, Youth

Okorie-Haidara, Chioma Aisha, & Ashipaoloye, Francis Kayode, Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the organizational climate, transformational leadership style and commitment among selected Nigerian Embassies as inputs to diplomatic excellence.

Methodology: Descriptive method of research was utilized. Participants were employees from the selected Nigerian Embassies under study. The participants of the research were randomly selected irrespective or their rank and or position. Participants were 100% of the employees from the different selected Nigerian embassies including the diplomats. The questionnaires were distributed using google forms.

Results: There is significant difference in organizational climate, transformational leadership style and organizational commitment in terms of organizational commitment and service commitment when grouped to nationality, nature of work and work commitment and length of service. There is a significant relationship between organizational climate, transformational leadership style and organizational climate.

Conclusion: The embassies under study may review the level of resilience of its employees with special focus on cooperative awareness, commitment, and work enthusiasm. They may promote more consensus-oriented and participation to further promote good governance. They may also further promote a culture of normative commitment (sense of obligation to stay), continuance commitment (fear of loss) and affective commitment (affection for the job) with special focus on the different age brackets to increase their passion and commitment for their job. The management of the embassies under study may review equitable and inclusive, effective, and efficient in its efforts towards good governance with special emphasis on the age brackets, and reconsider the different dimensions of organizational resilience, commitment, and good governance to further boost its commitment to resilience and good governance. 

Keywords: organizational climate, transformational leadership style, Organizational commitment, employees, Nigerian, embassies, diplomatic excellence

Jardin, R-Len E., & Pasia, Allen E., Alejandro P. Libao National High School, Division of Quezon / Laguna State Polytechnic University, Faculty of College of Graduate Studies and Applied Research

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the effectiveness of the Creative Problem-Solving (CPS) learning model in terms of communication, decision-making, analyzing and reasoning to enhance the Grade 10 students’ problem-solving skills.

Methodology: This research used experimental research design utilizing a one group pretest-posttest. This study was conducted at one of the public junior high schools in Quezon Province specifically the Tagbacan National High School and selected 33 Grade 10 student as well as 15 teachers selected using the purposive sampling technique. The researchers used validated self-made pretest and posttest based on the Most Essential Learning Competencies in mathematics for the problem-solving skill with the used of rubrics in grading the students on problem-solving with a quantitative approach to determine if there was a significant difference in the students’ problem solving-skills before and after the exposure to CPS learning model based strategies. Also, the research survey questionnaire focused on validating the teaching strategies based on the Creative Problem-Solving learning model for the level of effectiveness. The researchers conducted this study within the 4 weeks of the third quarter of School Year 2022-2023.

Results: The result of the study implied that the students positively accepted the creative problem-solving learning model. It was also found out in the study that there is significant difference between the mean score of the students before and after the utilization of Creative Problem-Solving learning model. Furthermore, the Creative Problem-Solving learning model in enhancing the problem-solving skills of the students is commendable for use in terms of communication, decision making, analyzing and reasoning.

Conclusion: There is a significance difference between the Mean Percetange Score before and after the utilization of Creative Problem-Solving model in Problem Solving. Moreover, teachers may use the strategies based on the Creative Problem Solving learning models to help increase the Problem-Solving skills of the students. Also, it can be used not only to improve mathematical problem-solving but also in other subjects to help aid the needs of the struggling learners and it would be beneficial for future researcherss to conduct long-term research to examine the sustained effect of utilizing the CPS learning model on the enhancement of the problem-solving skills and to since the study revealed that the decision making obtained the lowest problem-solving skills of the students, it also suggested in the future researchers to focus on the problem-solving skills specifically the decision making. 

Keywords: Creative Problem-Solving learning model, Problem-solving skills, Communication, Decision-making, Analyzing, Reasoning

Ekeada-Davidson, Charity & Ashipaoloye, Francis Kayode, Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas

Abstract

Aim: This study described employee performance and work life balance among selected Nigerian embassies with the end goal of serving as a basis for productivity.

Methodology: Descriptive method of research was used to gather the needed data on the variables under study (employee performance and work life balance). Participants were 100% of the employees from the selected Nigerian embassies using quota sampling.

Results: Employees agree on the dimension of performance in terms of work stress, working condition, workload, compensation and benefit, and engagement. Employees agree on the dimensions of work-life balance in terms of happiness, work satisfaction, work environment satisfaction, personal life satisfaction, balance, and stress. There is a significant difference between assessment in employee performance when grouped to profile variables. There is a significant difference between assessment in work-life balance when grouped to profile variables. There is a significant relationship between assessment of employee performance and assessment of work-life balance. Regression analysis showed that employee performance was governed by a single predictor which is gender.

Conclusion: The study recommends that the management of the embassy may review its workload, compensation, and benefits to increase the performance of the staff. Moreover, the management may review the personal life satisfaction of its employees to address the causes of stress in the workplace. The management may also review the monthly income of its employees, the nature of their work, civil status, nationality, and job status for a better performance. Furthermore, the management may also review the job status of its employees, nature of work, length of service, monthly income, and the educational attainment of its employees for a better work-life balance. 

Keywords: Nigerian Embassies, Employees Performance, Work-life Balance

Haidara, Mohammed Idris, & Ashipaoloye, Francis Kayode, Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to explore organization resilience, commitment, and good governance among employees of selected embassies with the end goal of serving as inputs to diplomatic efficiency.

Methodology: Descriptive method of research was used to gather the needed information on the variables under study.

Results: Respondents agree on the dimensions of organizational resilience in terms of shared vision, commitment to resilience, network perspective, roles and responsibilities, willingness to learn, adaptation ability, cooperative awareness and work enthusiasm. Respondents agree on the dimensions of organizational commitment in terms of affective continuance and normative. They also agree on the dimensions of good governance in terms of equitable and inclusive, participatory, consensus-oriented, following the rule of law and effective and efficient. There is a significant difference on the following: (1) assessment in organizational resilience in terms of network perspective and willingness to learn and work enthusiasm when grouped to nationality, (2) assessment in organizational commitment in terms of affective commitment when grouped to age, (3) assessment in good governance in terms of equitable and inclusive and effective and efficient when grouped to age, and (4) dimensions of organizational resilience and organizational commitment in terms of affective commitment and continuance commitment in terms of shared vision and work enthusiasm. There is a significant relationship between assessment in the dimensions of organizational resilience and the dimensions of good governance. There is also significant relationship between assessment in organizational commitment in terms of affective, continuance and normative and good governance in terms of equitable and inclusive, participatory, consensus-oriented, following the rule of law and effective and efficient.

Conclusion: The embassies under study may review the level of resilience of its employees with special focus on cooperative awareness, commitment, and work enthusiasm. They may promote more consensus-oriented and participation to further promote good governance. They may also further promote a culture of normative commitment (sense of obligation to stay), continuance commitment (fear of loss) and affective commitment (affection for the job) with special focus on the different age brackets to increase their passion and commitment for their job. The management of the embassies under study may review equitable and inclusive, effective, and efficient in its efforts towards good governance with special emphasis on the age brackets, and reconsider the different dimensions of organizational resilience, commitment, and good governance to further boost its commitment to resilience and good governance. 

Keywords: Organizational resilience, commitment, good governance, employees, embassies, diplomatic

Renon, Orland M., & Pasia, Allen E., Adela S. Torres National High School / Laguna State Polytechnique University, Faculty of College of Graduate Studies and Applied Research

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the effect of game-based instruction and student’s motivation on computational skills.

Methodology: This quantitative correlational study investigates the role of game-based instruction and students' motivation on enhancing computational skills in mathematics among 100 randomly selected Grade 8 students from Adela S. Torres National High School. The methodology includes using survey questionnaires and assessment tests to measure students' perceptions of game-based instruction, their motivation levels, and Computational Thinking Skills. The research involved meticulously preparing game-based instructional materials, conducting bi-weekly game-based sessions over a month, and continuously monitoring students' engagement and progress. Data collection comprised surveys and assessments to evaluate the effectiveness of game-based learning in fostering computational skills and motivation.

Results: The study found that students generally perceive game-based instruction in mathematics positively, appreciating its challenge, imaginative elements, and fun. Most students demonstrated proficiency in Computational Thinking Skills like decomposition, abstraction, and pattern recognition, though many needed improvement in algorithm design. Additionally, students showed high levels of both intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation towards mathematics learning. Significant positive relationships were identified between game-based instruction and Computational Thinking Skills, as well as between motivation and Computational Thinking Skills.

Conclusion: The research concludes that game-based instruction increased student motivation significantly enhance Computational Thinking Skills. 

Keywords: game-based instruction, mathematics, intrinsic, extrinsic, Computational Thinking Skill

Osuigwe, Ezinwanne Obie, & Ashipaoloye, Francis Kayode, Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to explore organizational performance, engagement, and job performance among employees of selected embassies to serve as inputs to administrative efficiency.

Methodology: A descriptive research method was utilized in this study to address the variables under study. The foundation of descriptive research is the idea that by observation, analysis, and description, issues may be resolved, and practices can be made better. The survey, which comprises questionnaires, in-person interviews, phone surveys, and normative surveys, is the most popular descriptive research methodology.

Results: Employees reach a consensus regarding the various aspects of job performance, specifically communication and cooperativeness, reliability, flexibility, as well as decision-making and problem-solving abilities. There exists a notable disparity in organizational effectiveness when considering the factor of worker motivation. There is also a notable disparity in employee engagement and job performance when categorized based on profile factors, particularly in relation to dependability. The study also found out that there is a substantial correlation between the effectiveness of a business and the level of engagement exhibited by its employees. The findings from the regression analysis indicate that several factors significantly influence job performance. These factors include the length of service in the current organization, job status, monthly income, assessment of organizational performance in terms of staff motivation and management, and assessment of employee engagement in terms of trust in senior leaders, immediate manager working relationship, and peer culture.

Conclusion: The researchers recommend that the management utilize its potentials in order to enhance its management style through the adoption of an open feedback system and the cultivation of a more favorable environment that fosters trust among employees towards senior leaders, while also promoting a positive peer culture. The management may perhaps explore increased employee participation in the decision-making process and the development of problem-solving abilities, particularly in relation to their assigned tasks. The management may assess the profiles of its employees as a foundation for training and development initiatives. The management may conduct a comprehensive examination of the dimensions of organizational performance, including employee engagement and job performance, to further enhance the overall effectiveness of its operational procedures. In subsequent research, scholars may undertake a comparable investigation or manipulate other variables that were not included in the present study. 

Keywords: Organizational performance, engagement, job performance, employees, embassies, administrative efficiency

Española, Gladys J., & Pasia, Allen E., Lopez National Comprehensive High School, Lopez, Quezon, 4316, Philippines / Faculty of College of Teacher Education-Graduate Studies and Applied Research, Laguna State Polytechnic University-San Pablo City Campus, San Pablo City, Laguna, 4000, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to enhance the procedural fluency of Grade 11 students in Statistics and Probability by applying Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS), utilizing coaching and practice.

Methodology: This quasi-experimental research, employing a single-group pretest-posttest design, was conducted with thirty-eight Grade 11 students from the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) track at Lopez National Comprehensive High School in Lopez, Quezon. The diverse academic achievements within this heterogeneous group allowed for a comprehensive analysis of PALS' impact across different proficiency levels. A pre-test was administered prior to implementing the intervention, while a post-test was conducted afterward, considering the learners' responses and the duration of both assessments.

Results: The results demonstrated significant improvements in students' procedural fluency, with marked enhancements in efficiency, flexibility, and accuracy. Notably, this study is unique in its application of PALS specifically within the context of Statistics and Probability for senior high school students, a demographic and subject area not extensively covered in previous research. These findings validate the effectiveness of PALS as a pedagogical intervention, highlighting its potential to foster mathematical proficiency in various educational contexts.

Conclusion: The results indicate that PALS effectively enhances students' procedural fluency in Statistics and Probability. The significant improvements observed in efficiency, flexibility, and accuracy underscore the efficacy of PALS as a pedagogical intervention. These findings validate the effectiveness of collaborative learning strategies in promoting mathematical proficiency among Grade 11 students. Thus, the initial hypothesis is accepted, confirming the positive impact of PALS on procedural fluency.

Keywords: PAL Strategies, Procedural Fluency, Statistics and Probability 

Martinez, Hanna Grace C., & Pasia, Allen E., Department of Education, Jongo National High School, Lopez, Quezon, 4316, Philippines / Faculty of College of Teacher Education-Graduate Studies and Applied Research, Laguna State Polytechnic University-San Pablo City Campus, San Pablo City, Laguna, 4000, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study explored how teachers' experiences, participation in extra learning, and access to classroom resources affect their mathematics affinity among public Junior High School teachers in the Fourth Congressional District of Quezon Province.

Methodology: Utilizing a model testing design integrated with descriptive correlational elements, the study analyzed a hypothesized causal model. Data were gathered via an online survey, with subsequent statistical analyses—including descriptive statistics and correlation analysis—used to assess relationships between variables.

Results: The analysis revealed significant positive correlations between teachers' characteristics and their mathematics affinity. Specifically, teachers' experiences, engagement in extra learning opportunities, and access to classroom resources were all found to positively impact their affinity for mathematics. This highlighted the importance of robust professional development programs and equitable resource distribution in enhancing the quality of mathematics education and teacher effectiveness.

Conclusion: Teachers' experiences, engagement in professional development, and access to resources significantly influenced their mathematics affinity, which in turn positively affected student learning outcomes. The study rejects the hypothesis that teachers' characteristics do not significantly impact their mathematics affinity, underscoring the need for targeted support and development initiatives to further enhance teaching practices and student achievement in mathematics.

Keywords: mathematics affinity, teachers' experiences, classroom resources, model testing design, descriptive correlational design, professional development

Esquilona, Marissa C., Osmeña Colleges Graduate School, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study looked at the essential abilities and leadership of workers across four generations in relation to the teaching tactics used in workplace classrooms.

Methodology: The study compared and correlated the significance of core behavioral competencies and leadership traits as a function of respondents' age differences using cross-sectional, non-experimental methodologies. The Claveria South District public school teachers made up the study's population.

Results: According to the findings, the majority of respondents who identified as baby boomers mentioned the preferred leadership style component, with participative style scoring the highest mean of 6.39. Directive style received the highest mean score for generation X, 5.88. While directive style was also used the most and received the highest mean score in generation Y (6.27), it was also used the most and received the highest mean score in generation Z (6.51). This indicates that the Directive style was the most appropriate and efficient style that teachers may employ in all dimensions of preferred leadership style.

Conclusion: The results indicate that the Directive style was the most appropriate and efficient style that teachers may employ in all dimensions of preferred leadership style. Depending on the leadership style employed or accepted by the leaders, the outcome here could be either favorable or negative. Since directive leadership has a significant positive impact on teachers' effectiveness and school administrators are successful in carrying out their leadership responsibilities using directive leadership, better teacher collective efficacy and strong teacher commitment to the school's mission result.

Keywords: core behavioral competencies, generation, leadership, diversity, collaboration

Jala, Jolou Vincent M., City College of El Salvador, Poblacion, El Salvador City / Capitol University, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: Considering that human people is the most valuable asset in the organization, it is essential to know on how they can contribute efficiently and effectively in the organization. This challenges the human resource manager to evaluate practices that will boost the performance of the organization. The aim of this qualitative study is to gain an in-depth understanding on the benefit of implementing Strategic Human Resource Management Practices in an organization, knowing the most effective Strategic Human Resource Management Practices employed to help boost organizational performance and understanding the recommendations that can be shared by the key informants to boost organizational performance in the leading insurance company in Cagayan de Oro.

Methodology: The researcher employed a qualitative research methodology, focusing on Husserl's transcendental phenomenological design. Husserl played a major role in the development of transcendental phenomenology (TPh), a philosophical approach to qualitative research methodology that aims to comprehend human experience (Moustakas, 1994). The foundation of pure TPh is the idea that all predetermined notions (epoche) must be laid aside in order to view events through clear insights, letting the actual meaning of the phenomena to emerge naturally along with and within their own individuality (Moustakas, 1994). Using a phenomenological design to collect and scrutinize experts’ insights provides a vigorous qualitative foundation for understanding the leading insurance company in Cagayan de Oro City, as this method ultimately contributes to an insightful understanding and wide-ranging notions of the factors contributing the organizations success. Transcendental Phenomenology was used as it accentuates the significance of bracketing (epoche) to defer judgments about the natural world and concentrate on the pure experience itself.

Results: The findings revealed that the benefit of implementing Strategic Human Resource Management Practices in an organization were enhanced employee performance, improved employee engagement and greater organizational culture. In terms of the most effective Strategic Human Resource Management practices, the result shows training and development, compensation and benefits and employee engagement. Furthermore, the recommendations shared by the participants to boost the organizational performance were focus on customer satisfaction, improve employee engagement and foster a positive organizational culture

Conclusion: In conclusion, improving organizational performance requires a multidimensional approach that emphasizes elevating employee engagement, putting an emphasis on customer satisfaction, and refining a positive and optimistic organizational culture. By focusing on these vital areas, companies can spur productivity, innovation, and long-term growth, pledging a competitive advantage and long-term triumph.

Keywords: Key Informants, enhanced employee performance, improved employee engagement, greater organizational culture, training & development, compensation & benefits, employee engagement, customer satisfaction

Eguia, Jonarose L., Lyceum of the Philippines University - Batangas, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: A communication barrier exists between most of the Philippine population and the deaf and mute community who use Filipino Sign Language (FSL), which can be attributed to the lack of knowledge of sign language. To address this gap, the proponent proposed a real-time bidirectional Filipino Sign Language Translator anchored on artificial intelligence technology to facilitate effective communication between signers and non-signers.

Methodology: The AI-powered FSL translator included two modes: 1) recognition and translation from FSL gestures to text and audio output using machine learning and Google text-to-speech technology and 2) recognition and translation from the speech-to-text output using the already available Google speech-to-text technology.

Results: Results of the hardware testing, software testing, and full system testing showed that the developed FSL translator device was able to perform its recognition and translation functions successfully and accurately, tallying a 100 percent success rate in the full system testing.

Conclusion: The system that can detect hand gestures based on FSL through a camera and translate the detected FSL hand gestures into Filipino text through a display module was designed and developed. The device's identification and translation capabilities passed individual testing with outstanding results. The camera and microphone were tested as part of the hardware. The results of the hardware tests showed that both the FSL gestures and the verbal input could be successfully detected and recognized. The software testing, on the other hand, entailed converting FSL gestures to text output via the display module, FSL gestures to audio output, and vocal input to text output is also shown using the LCD. The system that translates the detected FSL hand gestures audio through an audio output device was developed and tested. The system developed in this study's FSL translator was able to detect FSL hand gestures through the camera, translate the detected FSL hand gestures into Filipino text displayed through a display module, read out the text output into speech using an audio output device, detect Filipino speech input through the microphone, and successfully translate the text output into spoken Filipino. The system was tested acceptable taking a result of 4.60 mean or “Very Successful” with the aid of ISO 25010:2011 standard.

Keywords: Image Processing, Signer, Non-Signer, Sign Language, Speech-to-Text

Gonzales, Jobel A., Sta. Anastacia Elementary School, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This action research aimed to enhance the numeracy skills of Grades 1-6 learners by 0% non-numerates using effective numeracy intervention. The researcher used Project Math-GALING (Guided Activities in Learning Innovation in Numeracy Goals) as an intervention teaching strategy to help Sta. Anastacia Elementary School (SAES) learners bridge the numeracy gap and master the four fundamental operations. 

Methodology: A quantitative research methodology employing a descriptive approach was conducted at Sta. Anastacia Elementary School during the school year 2022-2023. This approach involved drills and practice and weekly assessments that track the learners' numeracy level. The study encompassed 1,416 students from grades 1 to 6, utilizing total population sampling to enable real-time result acquisition. Pre- and post-assessments were administered, and subsequently, the gathered data underwent classification, organization, and tabulation for comprehensive analysis.

Results: The findings revealed that Project Math -GALING enhanced the numeracy skills of Grade 1-6 learners by 0% non-numerates.

Conclusion: The data showed significant differences between the learners’ performance before and after Project Math GALING. The results also evidently validated the claim that learners exposed to Project Math-GALING learners get more comfortable with mastering the four basic operations according to their interests and learning preferences. Moreover, they would also grow more confident in their ability to study Mathematics. 

Keywords: assessment, drills, enhance, intervention, non-numerate, numeracy

Lopez, Maryvie R., Tarlac State University, Tarlac, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study examined the functionality of the Integrated Tuberculosis Information System (ITIS) in the Province of Tarlac, focusing on the operating process, health systems support, the challenges encountered, and opportunities for improvement.

Methodology: The researcher conducted a quantitative analysis with descriptive design which assessed the functionality of Integrated Tuberculosis Information System (ITIS) in Tarlac province. This study was conducted in Tarlac province with 100 respondents. The statistical analysis provided insights into the current state of TB reporting, and the impact of the system in TB control efforts.

Results: The Integrated Tuberculosis Information System (ITIS) was operating well in different practices as evidenced by the high mean scores of 6.33 and evaluated as Very Often Functional and there has been a very strong overall institutional mean rating of 5.94 for health systems support over ITIS functionality in Tarlac province, with measures such as Very Often Functional. 

Conclusion: The overall functionality of Integrated Tuberculosis Information System (ITIS) in terms of operating process and health systems support in the province of Tarlac was critical for achieving its goals of improved TB data management, patient care, and public health outcomes.

Keywords: impact, user satisfaction, operation, system support

Olosan, Juliet S., Tarlac State University, Tarlac City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: Nutrition is fundamental for human health and development, yet global disparities hinder access to adequate nutrition and education, exacerbating health inequalities. This study investigated the connections between nutrition knowledge, nutritional status, and nutrition education among Local Government Unit (LGU) employees in Alfonso Castañeda, Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines. It explored whether nutrition education mediates the relationship between nutrition knowledge and nutritional status.

Methodology: Using a quantitative approach and a randomized controlled semi-experimental design, the study involved 175 LGU employees. Anthropometric measurements and nutrition knowledge are assessed using BMI (Body Mass Index) and WHR (Waist-Hip Ratio), and the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (GNKQ) pre- and post-intervention, respectively. Nutrition education sessions focus on basic nutrition and non-communicable diseases, employing participatory nutrition lecture.

Results: There was no statistically significant relationship between nutritional status and nutrition knowledge following the intervention of nutritional education. Nutrition education does not mediate the relationship between nutritional status and knowledge, implying that factors other than information acquisition, such as socioeconomic situation, access to healthy meals, and individual dietary choices, may have an impact on dietary popularity. 

Conclusion: This study highlights the potential of nutrition education to serve as a catalyst for positive change within communities. By fostering a deeper understanding of nutritional needs and empowering individuals with practical skills, LGU employees can lead healthier lives and contribute to the overall well-being of Alfonso Castañeda, Nueva Vizcaya. The insights gained from this research pave the way for future initiatives aimed at building resilient and nutritionally secure societies. 

Keywords: Mediation Analysis, Nutrition Education, Status, Knowledge

Dimayuga, Maritess M., Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine the knowledge management infrastructure, organization innovation and performance among basic educational institutions in Batangas province. Specifically, the research intended to achieve several objectives such as the determination of the firmographic profile of the respondents, to test the significant difference of the variables, and propose an institutional development plan base on the result of the study.

Methodology: A quantitative-descriptive method was utilized in the study that aims to collect measurable data that can be used to analyze a population sample statistically. An adapted survey questionnaire was also utilized to determine the knowledge management infrastructure, the organization innovation and the performance of basic educational institutions Batangas province.

Results: Results on basic educational institutions’ organizational innovation reveal that leaders favorably recognized those who tried innovative things even if they fail. The results denote that selected private educational institutions are well-prepared with innovative development plans despite rapid changes in their environment. Basic educational institutions have high organizational performance in learning and growth perspective, and internal process perspective aspect and respondents rate the financial perspective lowest. There is a significant difference on knowledge management infrastructure, organization innovation, and performance when grouped according to profile in terms classification in organizational culture and in educational attainment which is the feedback environment and financial perspective. The better the innovation of the organization, the better is the organization performance and the better the knowledge management, the better is the organization performance except on organizational structure and internal process perspective. 

Conclusion: The knowledge management infrastructure is determined by assessing the organizational infrastructural environment of basic educational institutions in terms of culture, structure, technology, job/security, social, supervisory and growth satisfaction. All indicators were almost rated strongly agreed and the respondents are motivated. Results on basic educational institutions’ organizational innovation reveal that leaders favorably recognized those who tried innovative things even if they fail. The results denote that selected private educational institutions are well-prepared with innovation development plans despite rapid changes in their environment.

Recommendation: The researcher highly recommends the school to establish an institutional development plan for the management of the school for discussion and implementation.

Keywords: knowledge management, innovations, performance

Granel, Klien Krisha Jaice T., Tarlac State University, Tarlac City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This thesis explored the elements that make respiratory therapists in Cagayan Valley, looking at the fundamental knowledge and viewpoints needed to provide complete care in a variety of medical settings. The study assessed current procedures and pinpoints areas that could be improved by combining in-depth data analysis with interviews. It emphasized how vital ongoing education and professional development are to promoting a better-coordinated approach to respiratory treatment. Enhancing patient outcomes and reaffirming the crucial role that therapists play in the healthcare system are the ultimate objectives.

Methodology: Using a purposive sampling and random sampling design, the study involves 107 respiratory therapists around Cagayan Valley.

Results: With a grand mean grade of 3.94, which indicates an overall proficiency in the critical areas of respiratory therapy practice, the ratings vary from competent to expert. This thorough evaluation demonstrates the therapist's broad skill set and proficiency in providing excellent respiratory treatment in a variety of contexts, including patient assessment, management, leadership, and the practical application of theoretical knowledge. Results also show that there is no significant difference in the competency between the public and private respiratory therapists. This implies a level of competency that is constant in both domains, underscoring the significance of consistent standards in respiratory therapist's practices. Additionally, the total number of respondents is 107, with 48.6% from the public sector and 51.4% from the private sector. This balanced distribution of respondents allows for a fair comparison between the two groups in the ANOVA analysis. 

Conclusion: The respondents’ proficiency in their industry is a commendable one. However, rooms for improvement to combat the challenges encountered is necessary. The proposed measures have to be executed and be further evaluated and improved for the benefits of the professionals and all stakeholders involved. 

Keywords: Competency, Respiratory Therapist, Cagayan Valley, Treatment

Cacanindin, Mark Darren F., Tarlac State University, Tarlac, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This research aimed to profile tuberculosis cases in Moncada, analyze infection patterns, evaluate government health programs, propose measures to reduce prevalence, and assess implications for health management.

Methodology: A qualitative case study investigated tuberculosis (TB) in Moncada, Tarlac, using interviews, document analysis, and focus groups. Data were collected from 30 TB patients, health policies were analyzed, and program implementers were interviewed to understand TB's impact and assess local health programs.

Results: The study revealed that TB in Moncada predominantly affected middle-aged males, with a significant reliance on accurate diagnosis and community support. It also highlighted challenges in socio-economic factors, treatment adherence, government program consistency, public awareness, and healthcare accessibility, alongside the need for enhanced patient-centered care and ongoing policy improvements.

Conclusion: The study concluded that addressing TB in Moncada required targeted interventions for middle-aged males, gender-specific programs, precise diagnostic practices, and comprehensive support systems. It emphasized the need for improved socio-economic support, medication accessibility, government program consistency, public awareness, and ongoing enhancements in diagnostic and policy frameworks.

Keywords: Tuberculosis (TB), Health Programs, Health Management, Patient-Centered Care, Policy Improvements

Matumadi, Amal, & Ubayubay, Roie, Cagayan de Oro College-PHINMA School of Graduate and Professional Studies 

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the level of emotional intelligence and contextual performance among public elementary school teachers.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive, correlational design using surveys to determine the relationship between the variables. This study was conducted at the nine districts of Division of Marawi City with 400 respondents. Universal sampling was employed with the criteria that they are public elementary schools in the Division of Marawi City during the school year 2023-2024. 

Results: Findings revealed that emotional intelligence significantly impacts teachers' contextual performance, and has shown significant differences in respondents' characteristics, except for age, sex, and teaching experience. Indeed, there is a strong positive relationship between teachers' emotional intelligence and their contextual performance, with higher educational attainment, related training, and a positive attitude towards emotional intelligence.

Conclusion: There is a strong positive correlation between teachers’ emotional intelligence and contextual performance. Moreover, there is a need to improve their social skills and organizational commitment to build stronger relationships with colleagues and parents, and have better overall school outcomes.

Keywords: emotional intelligence, contextual performance

Romero, Trinidad E., & Sumande, Caroline T., Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Philippines 

Abstract

Aim: This research investigated the relationship between various dimensions of parental engagement and students' academic performance in core K–12 subjects (Mathematics, English, Science, and Filipino) during the first grading period of the SY 2023–2024. The study aimed to identify specific aspects of parental involvement that significantly influence students' academic outcomes.

Methodology: This study used descriptive-quantitative research, and correlational design using surveys to determine the relationship between the variables. This study was conducted at the four considered mega-population schools in District 2 of Quezon City with 371 respondents. The researcher employed a proportional random sampling technique, a probability sampling method in which the population is divided into multiple groups, and a sample is randomly selected from each group based on the ratio of the total sample to the total population.

Results: The dimensions of parental engagement examined - parenting, communicating, volunteering, learning at home, decision making, and collaborating with the community - show no significant relationship across Mathematics, Science, and Filipino subjects, as the p-values computed are all higher than the .05 level of significance. However, for the English subject, the dimensions of communicating (r=0.126; p-value=0.015) and decision-making (r=0.116; p-value=0.025) are found to be significantly correlated.

Conclusion: The dimensions of parental engagement examined—parenting, communicating, volunteering, learning at home, decision making, and collaborating with the community—show no significant relationship with student performance in Mathematics, Science, and Filipino subjects. However, for English, the dimensions of communicating and decision making are significantly correlated with student performance.

Keywords: parental engagement, academic performance, dimensions of parental engagement. dimensions of parental engagement, Master in Education Management, PUP Open University System

Aspiras, Melany B., Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College, Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur, Philippines 

Abstract

Aim: The major purpose of the study was to find out why learners feel anxious or embarrassed when speaking the English language and what influence it could have on their English communication skills. It looked into the factors or sources that make students feel more stressed while speaking English in some situations than in others. It sought to discover the phenomenon of language anxiety from both within and outside of the language classroom settings in a wider social context. Furthermore, it explored whether the factors originated from the learners’ own sense of self, from the language learning process, or from the situation or social environment they were a part of.

Methodology: A qualitative research methodology was used in the study, specifically a phenomenological type that studied the lived experiences of high school students dealing with English anxiety, characterized by emotional distress and self-doubt in English contexts. Through in-depth interviews and observation with 10 students from Abas National High School and Fr. Arnoldus High School who were chosen through purposive sampling, the research examined their emotional responses, challenges, and coping mechanisms.

Results: Participants reported fear of mistakes, feelings of inadequacy, and anxiety during English communication. Influencing factors included language proficiency, cultural backgrounds, past experiences, and social pressures. Findings reveal diverse coping strategies such as avoidance, self-regulation, social support, and language enhancement. 

Conclusion: There is an anxiety in the speaking the English language among the Grades 11 and 12 students from the different strands in Abas National High School and Fr. Arnoldus High School of Sallapadan, Abra Incorporated. The examination of students’ viewpoints of anxiety related to speaking English demonstrated a range of feelings, from pride and assurance to serious nervousness and trepidation. Students use a variety of coping mechanisms to get through these difficulties. By elucidating these experiences, this study contributes to understanding the complexities of language-related anxiety and offers insights for educators, counselors, and policymakers in fostering supportive environments for language learners navigating English anxiety.

Keywords: English Anxiety, Interventions, Coping Mechanisms

Sadiasa, Harvey H., & Ashipaoloye, Francis Kayode, Lyceum of the Philippines University – Batangas

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the predictors of organizational performance from organizational culture and knowledge management of a private academic institution.

Methodology: This study performed quantitative-descriptive research using a survey questionnaire as a research instrument and regression analysis was used for data analysis and results. The study was conducted in a private academic institution with 259 respondents and used non-probability convenience sampling from the categories of administrator, teaching, and non-teaching employees.

Results: There was a significant relationship between organizational culture and knowledge management in terms of organizational leadership, employee management, strategic emphases, and criteria for success. Likewise, in knowledge management, there was a significant relationship in terms of knowledge acquisition, knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, and knowledge application in which computed p values are less than 0.05. Furthermore, in the relationship between the factors of organizational culture and organizational performance, there was a significant relationship between organizational culture in terms of organizational leadership, management of employees, strategic emphases and criteria for success, and organizational performance in terms of financial perspective, customer, internal process, and learning and growth perspective which computed p-values are less than 0.05. With computed p values of less than 0.05 level of significance, it was presented that organizational performance was governed by significant predictors in terms of management of employees (0.059) and strategic emphases (<0.001) from the assessment of organizational culture, as well as in terms of knowledge acquisition (0.024) and knowledge sharing (0.004) from the assessment of knowledge management.

Conclusion: The results showed that assessment of organizational culture in terms of management of employees, strategic emphases, and knowledge management in terms of knowledge acquisition, and knowledge sharing are the key factors to organizational performance for the institution.

Keywords: organizational culture, knowledge management, organizational performance, academic institution, balanced scorecard

Capala, Chielo C., Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Open University System

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to assess the level of capabilities and determine the implementation status of the Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM) among the elementary schools in Sariaya East District, Division of Quezon. 

Methodology: The study utilized the descriptive quantitative method of research. According to McCombes (2023), descriptive research includes present or current conditions concerning the nature of a group of people, class, or event and involves the procedures of induction, analysis, classification, or measurement

Results: As assessed by the respondents on the capabilities of the Disaster Risk Reduction Management Program, the overall Mean obtained is 4.09 with a qualitative index of very capable. However, the status of the implementation of the Disaster Risk Reduction Management Programs is very evident, as assessed by the respondents, who had an overall mean of 4.03. Moreover, there is no significant difference among the respondents in terms of human resources, logistics, knowledge, innovation, and education, training and capacities, and mechanisms. Since the p-values obtained were greater than the significant level of 0.05, then it can be derived that there are no significant differences on the responses of the school head, DRRM coordinator and DRRM committee on the assessed capabilities in the implementation of the Disaster Risk Reduction Management. Furthermore, the p-values obtained  0.434, 0.149, 0.398, and 0.282 were all greater than the significant level of 0.05, thus a decision of failure to reject the null hypothesis was made, and there is no significant difference in the status of the implementation of the Disaster Risk Reduction Management Program as assessed by school head, DRRM coordinator and DRRM committee in terms of disaster prevention and mitigation, disaster preparedness, disaster response and disaster recovery and rehabilitations.

Conclusion: The DRRM program of Sariaya East District has very capable human resources and very capable logistics, knowledge, innovation and education, training, and capacities and mechanisms. Furthermore, the DRRM program of Sariaya East District is very well implemented, where disaster preparedness is considered widely practiced as it obtained the highest mean while disaster recovery and rehabilitation obtained the lowest mean.  Moreover, the school head, school DRRM coordinator, and school DRRM Committee members have the same assessment capabilities in the implementation of Disaster Risk Reduction Management among the school head, DRRM coordinator, and DRRM committee. Finally, the school head, school DRRM coordinator, and school DRRM Committee members have the same perception of the assessed status of implementation of the DRRM programs. 

Keywords: Disaster risk reduction management program, Disaster prevention and mitigation, Disaster response, Disaster rehabilitation and recovery, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Master in Education Management

Diaz, Angeline P., Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Open University System

Abstract

Aim: This research explored the practices and challenges of parent-school partnerships in the public schools of Sariaya East District, Division of Quezon, to enhance the well-being of pupils. Specifically, it examined participants' perspectives on parent-school partnerships, the objectives behind creating such partnerships, current practices and challenges, and the support provided for school programs and activities. 

Methodology: Employing a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach, the study gathered in-depth insights through semi-structured interviews with ten (10) teachers, ten (10) parents, and nine (9) school heads. The data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, ensuring a deep exploration of participants' lived experiences and perspectives. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, ensuring validity through expert validation and triangulation methods. Ethical considerations, including informed consent, confidentiality, and data privacy were strictly adhered to, aiming to provide an understanding of the various processes of parent-school collaborations in promoting pupil well-being.

Results: The key findings of the study highlighted the importance of collaboration, communication, and active engagement among parents, teachers, and principals in parent-school partnerships. Parents emphasized support and guidance, while teachers and principals stressed the need for effective communication and unified efforts. Challenges such as time and financial constraints and practices promoting effective engagement were identified. 

Conclusion: Active participation and supportive guidance from all stakeholders were crucial for building a collaborative school community. Participants aimed to enhance effective parent-school partnerships through consistent communication, collaboration, and empowering parents as educational partners to achieve student success. Effective parent-school collaboration, exemplified by practices such as regular parent-teacher conferences and inclusive decision-making processes, was hindered by time and financial constraints. However, consistent communication and active parental involvement could significantly improve the quality of education. Strategic leadership and inclusive support from parents, teachers, and principals were essential for promoting a supportive school environment that promotes pupils’ well-being and development.

Keywords: PUP Open University, Master in Education Management, Challenges, Parent-School Partnership, Programs and Activities

Agbunag, Jhovelyn M., Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the awareness and competency levels of Grade 11 Technical-Vocational-Livelihood (TVL) students on the use of kitchen utensils and equipment, as well as their baking knowledge and skills in Bread and Pastry Production.

Methodology: This descriptive-comparative-developmental study was conducted in two public schools offering the TVL-Home Economics strand within the Schools Division of Candon City, Ilocos Sur. 

Results: The study revealed the following results: Awareness of Kitchen Utensils and Equipment: both schools received a "Very High (VH)" rating with an overall mean of 4.47, indicating a high proficiency in using necessary baking equipment. On the other hand, Competency Level in Baking: both schools achieved a grand mean of 79.55, corresponding to a "Basic Competency (BC)" level. The study identified thirteen least learned competencies related to baking knowledge and skills, which are essential for each quarter's curriculum. These results aligned with the lowest levels of awareness in baking knowledge according to the respondents.

Conclusion: To address these gaps, a Lesson Exemplar was developed, which obtained a "Very High Validity (VHV)" rating with an overall mean of 4.52 for language and content validity. This exemplar is designed to improve the least mastered skills and facilitate the learning process effectively. Therefore, it is recommended for use to enhance the competencies of learners in Bread and Pastry Production.

Keywords: Baking utensils and equipment, Baking knowledge, Competency Level, Lesson Exemplar

Galvan, Expedito P. Jr., Villanueva, Paulo Martin B., Oliquiano, Ailyn M., & Palenzuela, Sean Jude O., Josefina Bemonte Duran Albay Provincial Hospital / Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges / Pioduran Memorial District Hospital

Abstract

Aim: The study evaluated the psychological care provided to surgical patients at Josefina Belmonte Duran Albay Provincial Hospital (JBDAPH), Ligao City. It aimed in exploring the factors, impacts and significance of psychological care that gave basis on the plan of recommendations given to JBDAPH.

Methodology: Stratified sampling technique and a descriptive-correlational design with a survey questionnaire were employed in this research. The respondents which were surgical patients 18 years old and above, came from different wards of the hospital such as in the medical ward, pay ward and pedia ward but a larger number of respondents came from OB ward and surgery ward, respectively.  The gathered data were then tallied, tabulated and analyzed using the percentage and frequency technique, weighted mean, and chi-square test. 

Results: The results revealed that most patients were young adults, female, and married, with a majority undergoing obstetrics/gynecology procedures. Psychological care significantly contributes to patients' physical, psychological, social, and spiritual recovery. While intrinsic and extrinsic factors may not pose severe negative effects, financial challenges can hinder access to sustained psychological support. The impact of psychological care varied across different patient profiles. The proposed plan for Josefina Belmonte Duran Albay Provincial Hospital (JBDAPH), based on the study's findings, can serve as a reference for the institution to enhance and innovate its psychological care practices.

Conclusion: Psychological care has an impact to the surgical patients’ health as a whole. It contributes to their physical, psychological, social, and spiritual recovery as a surgical patient.

Keywords: Psychological care, intrinsic and extrinsic factors, surgical patient

Aquino, Sharmaine A., Universidad de Sta. Isabel Naga Inc.

Abstract

Aim: This paper explored the life experiences of war veterans from Camarines Norte during the Japanese Occupation. It reviewed and analyzed the accounts of five selected veterans through the lens of significant others and various sources. Specifically, the researcher sought to answer the following: (1) What are the narratives of World War II veterans' life experiences based on the accounts of significant others and other sources? (2) What are the commonalities and differences of accounts from the life experiences of World War II veterans? (3) What supplementary materials may be proposed based on the results of the study?

Methodology: This study employed qualitative research within a historical research design for data gathering and interpretation. It involved interviews, document collection, source criticism narrative and thematic analysis, and historical contextualization to extract meaningful perspectives from veterans' stories of the Japanese Occupation. Anchored in history from below, local history and Narrative theory, it focused on interpreting the stories of veterans often overlooked in the conventional textbooks and that aimed to contribute to local narratives of Japanese Occupation.

Results: The study analyzed the narratives of Godofredo Peteza Sr., Felicisimo Andrade, Alfredo Lorenzo, Lope Tabor, and Faustino Pancho, revealing diverse perspectives on the Japanese occupation and the transition of ordinary citizens into civilian military personnel. Their stories highlight challenges, survival, and significant contributions to the resistance. Nine common themes emerged from their experiences, describing the social context of the locality during the occupation: lack of basic necessities, sustenance planting, Japanese raids, banditry, resiliency, betrayal, joining the resistance for protection, pervasive fear, and brutalities. The study identified three major differences related to their personal contexts during the occupation: Japanese encounters, social background, and role in the resistance. 

Conclusion: To preserve these memories and honor unsung heroes, a booklet titled "War Narratives: Revisiting Japanese Occupation through the Lives of Camarines Norte War Veterans" was proposed, aiming to enrich local history beyond conventional textbooks.

Keywords: World War II Veterans, Japanese Occupation, Local History, History from Below, Camarines Norte, Narrative theory, Supplementary Learning Material

Gillego, Fulbert Alec R., Ago Medical and Educational Center, Legazpi City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study identified the profiles of teachers and parents as to age, sex, educational attainment, and family income, in association with their knowledge on Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis (STH), including its signs, symptoms, and nutritional implications and their compliance on deworming program. Additionally, it assessed the adherence of preschool-age children (PSAC) on hygiene practices, along with the prevalence of STH enrolled in the daycare centers in Legazpi City. 

Methodology: A descriptive-correlational design was used and the data were gathered through a survey questionnaire. There were two groups of respondents used in the study, the parents (respondents-A) and daycare teachers (respondents-B) while the preschool-age children as subjects. The number of respondents were determined as follows: for respondents-A, the population size was trimmed down using SLOVINs formula while respondents-B were identified through total enumeration of all the daycare centers. While total enumeration for respondents-B was done. Survey questions were used and focused on the respondents’ knowledge of STH, compliance with deworming schedules, and issuance of parental consent, and looked into the hygiene practices of PSAC on handwashing, bathing, nail clipping, and footwear use in relation to STH. Statistical tools used in the analysis included frequency count, weighted mean, percentages, rank order, and Kendall coefficient of concordance W, along with the Chi-square test.

Result: The results showed that both parents and daycare teachers were knowledgeable about soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH). However, daycare teachers exhibited greater compliance to the deworming program and adherence with personal hygiene practices compared to parents.

Conclusion:  The study suggests that the proposed intervention plan is expected to further improve the adherence to hygiene practices of daycare children and compliance of parents and teachers to the deworming program. Enhancing these factors could play a significant role in reduction of spread and occurrence of STH and other related illnesses among daycare children.

Keywords: Hygiene, Preschool-Age Children, Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis, Level of Knowledge, Level of Compliance

Buiser, Allan A., Calauan Central Elementary School Calauan Laguna, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This experimental study investigated the effectiveness of the Reciprocal Peer Teaching (RPT) as an intervention material in improving the mathematical skills of grade five learners in Mathematics in terms of conceptual understanding, strategies and reasoning,computation and execution, and communication. 

Methodology: In this study, a group of 30 pupils was exposed to Reciprocal teaching style through an experimental approach. This study's methodology entailed the modification of a particular variable or the application of a variety of teaching techniques in order to spot major variations in the way that students' skills improve. 

Results: The RPT modified the students’ understanding of mathematical word problems. The collaborative learning approach among the group was seen, as was the interactive technique. The enthusiasm for working together to find the correct solutions to the problem was also displayed. In fact, the RPT stimulates the students’ participation in class; it changed from the attitude of being hesitant to the attitude that “I can do well by myself and by my team”. 

Conclusion: The RPT leads the students’ collaboration in the classroom and has a positive effect on students' performance in active learning processes where different ideas can lead to more dynamic learning, increasing performance through active   learning.

Keywords: Communication, Computation, Conceptual understanding, Mathematical Insight, Problem Solving Skills, Reciprocal Peer Teaching

Habijan, Ely Flor, Florentino Joya Elementary School, Biga, Tanza, Cavite, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This qualitative study was undertaken to explore the experiences of reading teachers during the implementation of post pandemic reading intervention program in Tanza district. 

Methodology: The study employed a qualitative research design using a phenomenological approach to explore the lived experiences of reading teachers during the implementation of post pandemic reading program. Eleven teachers were chosen based on the set criteria.

Results: The findings revealed that the reading program improved the skills of the learners. Meanwhile, the lack of commitment of involved persons such as uninterest of the struggling readers and uncommitted parents, teachers, and school administrator affected the implementation which was overcome by the reading teachers through strengthening their self-efficacy. To achieve the goal of the program, prioritization of teachers’ and pupils’ needs was suggested.

Conclusion: From the findings, it can be inferred that Project FLEUR helped alleviate the problem about the uptrend pattern in the number of struggling readers. Thus, it is recommended that the school continue implementing it and teachers’ and pupils’ needs must be prioritized. Collaboration with the stakeholders is also needed to address the problems encountered by teachers.

Keywords: struggling readers, sustainable reading program, self- efficacy

Elis, Jhemson C., Delos Reyes, Cecilia Elena P., Pinili, Lilibeth C., Delos Reyes, Niña Rozanne T., Cabigon, Ann Frances F., Añero, Marjorie B., College of Teacher Education, Cebu Technological University, Cebu City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This research aimed to determine the effectiveness, difficulties, and acceptability of interventional games as applied by forty-seven (47) Sped teachers in teaching Algebra among thirty (30) Grade 7 learners with special needs at Batangas Integrated National High School in Batangas City Schools Division during the school year 2023-2024 as the basis for contextualized-interventional games.

Methodology: The descriptive type of research was used in this study, with a questionnaire as the instrument in the contextualization of the content–based interventional games in Algebra. The descriptive statistical tools used were frequency, percentage, and mean average; whereas, inferential statistics included Reliability analysis.

Results: Based on the data gathered, the following are the findings of the study of all topics in Algebra in which interventional games can be applied. All competencies in Algebra, under MELC, were strongly agreed by the respondents that interventional games can be applied. Scores among Mathematics Grade 7 Learners with Special Needs in Lessons-Integrated Games with regards to pre-test results performed very satisfactorily during the post-test showed an outstanding performance. Both teachers and students strongly agreed as they perceived difficulties in Algebra as needed for intervention materials. 

Conclusion: There were mathematics interventions addressing difficulties that were frequently used by the teachers where the level of acceptability of the content-based interventional games in algebra was strongly agreed by teachers that the said games are acceptable to be an intervention in teaching as they give the students fun and enjoyment.

Keywords: Special Education, Interventional Games, Algebra, Applicability

Binasoy, Mark Greg C., Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This research aimed to evaluate the extent of external stakeholders’ participation in the SBM implementation in terms of the four areas as a basis for a proposed sustainability plan.

Methodology: The study made use of descriptive method of research. Survey questionnaires for the internal and external stakeholders served as instrument in gathering data, and underwent validation process by experts and reliability testing. A total of 328 participants served as respondents of the study consisting of school heads and SBM coordinators as internal stakeholders, and barangay captains, and School Parents Teachers Association (SPTA) Presidents as external stakeholders. A simple random sampling method was employed to determine the 82 selected public elementary schools in the four schools divisions in the province of Bulacan.

Results: The external stakeholders’ extent of participation in the SBM implementation in terms of the four areas as assessed by internal stakeholders is 4.41, while the self-assessment of external stakeholders regarding their extent of participation is 4.22, both indicates a very great extent of participation. There is a significant difference in the assessment of the two groups regarding the extent of external stakeholders’ participation in the SBM implementation in the four areas: leadership and governance, curriculum and instruction, accountability and continuous improvement, and management of resources. The computed p-values in the four areas are below the level of significance 0.05 which signifies rejecting the null hypothesis. Moreover, internal stakeholders have a significant higher rating to the extent of external stakeholders’ participation compared to the self-assessment of the latter. The analysis on the challenges encountered in the external stakeholders’ participation in the SBM implementation shows that these challenges are generally considered slightly problematic with overall mean of 2.29.

Conclusion: The external stakeholders’ extent of participation in the SBM implementation as assessed by internal stakeholders indicated as very great extent. The self-assessment of external stakeholders’ regarding their extent of participation in the SBM implementation in the four areas is very great extent. The null hypothesis was rejected since there a significant difference between the extent of external stakeholders’ participation in the SBM implementation as assessed by the two groups. Challenges encountered in the external stakeholders’ participation in the SBM implementation are generally considered slightly problematic. Among these are lack of training or knowledge on SBM, varied application of SBM practice, and increased administrative and managerial workload to working external stakeholders. The study recommends the proposed sustainability plan be considered for utilization by the concerned stakeholders in order to improve their participation in the SBM implementation.

Keywords: School-Based Management Implementation, Stakeholders Participation, SBM Components, External Stakeholders

Abillon, Michelle V., Universidad de Sta. Isabel Naga Inc.

Abstract

Aim: This paper explored the life experiences of three renowned personalities from Camarines Sur: Rosa U. Cid, Angelita L. Dacara, and Maria Lydia P. Lomibao. The study aimed to highlight their significant contributions and achievements by reviewing their personal journeys through their own accounts. It uncovered the struggles and successes that shaped these individuals into influential figures in their respective fields of theater arts, agriculture, and entrepreneurship. The study also demonstrated the important role that hardships played in the path to success.

Methodology: This study employed qualitative research within a phenomenological research design for data gathering and interpretation. It involved interviews, document collection, thematic analysis, and narrative perspectives drawn from the life experiences of the participants. The focused was on interpreting the stories of three renowned personalities from Camarines Sur, highlighting their significant contributions. The study aimed to contribute to local narratives, offered inspiration for future generations.

Results:  The study findings described the life struggles experienced by Rosa U. Cid, Angelita L. Dacara, and Maria Lydia P. Lomibao on their paths to becoming successful and renowned personalities. Five key themes emerged from their life struggles: financial difficulties, distance from home to school, resilience and perseverance, personal sacrifices, and continuous learning and adaptation. The study highlighted the distinct achievements of the three participants: Rosa in theater arts, authorship, and publishing; Angelita in agriculture; and Maria Lydia in entrepreneurship.

Conclusion: To honor and remember the renowned personalities of Camarines Sur, a magazine titled "Road to Success of Renowned Personalities in Camarines Sur" was proposed. The magazine aims to provide an inspirational and educational resource, showcasing how ordinary individuals can achieve extraordinary success and make meaningful contributions to their communities. This supplementary reference material seeks to inspire readers by highlighting the remarkable journeys and accomplishments of these personalities. 

Keywords: financial difficulties, distance from home to school, resilience and perseverance, personal sacrifices, continues learning and adaptation, renowned, struggle, and success

Maderal, Antonio A., Philippine Christian University, Manila, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to explore on the elementary teachers-local officials shared partnership and leadership towards community development program in Jose Panganiban District. 

Methodology: The study made use of qualitative method of research and sourced its data from the selected teachers and local officials in Jose Panganiban District. The data were accumulated using interview guide and were treated using qualitative analysis.

Result: The shared leadership of the elementary teachers and community leaders in terms of leadership and governance in Jose Panganiban District was attained and fostered through collaborative decision-making, professional development and support to teachers and local leaders, community engagement and partnerships and communication and transparency.

Conclusion:  The developed community development program or plan highlighted collaborative interventions, practices and innovations to foster enhancement in the shared partnership and leadership of the educators and community leaders.

Keywords: teachers-officials-partnership-community, shared partnership, shared leadership, teachers, local officials

Mercado, Joy U., & Dillera, Jonathan M., Colegio de Montalban

Abstract

Aim: 

The study focused on crafting training exemplars that target the communication difficulties of Filipino call center agents working in a Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) industry that operates in the Asia Pacific Region and proposed training exemplars to remediate the identified difficulties. It also aimed to provide additional data that schools may use in the training of their students in the identified soft skills. 

Methodology: Deductive coding was used to process the recorded conversations. There was a predefined set of codes to classify the communication difficulties. While the coding allowed the possibility of new concepts to emerge in the set of codes, the analysis concentrated on the predefined set and classified all difficulties there. This methodology is used in qualitative data where classifications are a significant part of the coding system.

Results: The data gathered showed four classifications of communication difficulties. The recorded conversations showed call center agents who lacked skills or have difficulties in active listening, expressing genuine empathy, building rapport and dealing with angry customers. These soft skills are considered necessary for these agents to be successful in their work.  

Conclusion: The findings show that Filipino call center agents have difficulties in the components of communication that focus on human relations and empathy. The Coordinated Management of Meaning Regulative Rules by Pearce and Cronen (1980) cover these skills which are about how the communicator reacts for the message and how they respond or behave towards the message they received. 

Keywords: Communication, Soft Skills, customer service 

Nobela, Abegail R., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Inc., Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the relationship of child temperament to the parenting styles of working millennial mothers.

Methodology: The researcher used the simple random sampling in the quantitative part of the study. The researcher requested list of names with age, electronic mail, contact numbers of mothers assigned at the Provincial Office of Camarines Sur from the Human resource Department of DWSD. Data provided by the department were utilized in identifying the millennial mothers. A total 59 respondents were identified and consisted of the following; one Administrative Aide IV, one Administrative Assistant I (AA I), two AA-II, six AA-III, one Area Coordinator, four Community Empowerment Facilitator (CEF), two Municipal Financial Analyst (MFA), two Project Development Officer I (PDO I), four Social Welfare Assistant (SWA) and 36 PDO II. This respondents are chosen as they are the millennial mothers who were born between 1981 to 1996. They are mothers who work at the DSWD- POO of Camarines Sur and have a child below 10 years old, who belong to Alpha generation born from 2010 to 2025. The researcher used the convenience sampling in the qualitative part of the study since respondents are scattered in the different part of Camarines, only those accessible to the researcher and a total of five mothers were identified and able to attend in the schedule focus group discussion.

Results: First, the r-value is .068, interpreted as not significant for Activity Level. Second, the r-value is -.009 was interpreted as not significant for Rhythmicity. Third, the r-value is -.034 was interpreted as not significant for Distractibility. Fourth, the r-value is -.091 was interpreted as not significant for Approach/Withdrawal. Fifth, the r-value is .044, interpreted as not significant for Adaptability. Sixth, the r-value is .171, interpreted as not significant for Persistence. Seventh, the r-value is -.123 was interpreted as not significant for the Intensity of the reaction. Eight, the r-value is .170, interpreted as not significant for Sensory Sensitivity and the r-value is .045, interpreted as not significant for Emotional Sensitivity to Self and Others. Last, the r-value is -.147 was interpreted as not significant for the Quality of Mood.

Conclusion: From the summary and findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn: In the rhythmicity/regularity, distractibility, adaptability, persistence, and the intensity of reaction their extent of manifestations is high. In their activity level and sensitivity their extent of manifestations are higher. While, in their approach/withdrawal and quality of mood their extent of manifestations is low. Respondents’ level of engagement to authoritative/democratic type of parenting is highest. While in the authoritarian type of parenting style, their level of engagement is low, and in the permissive parenting style is lower. The result showed that there is no significant relationship between the extent of manifestations of the temperament of the children and the level of engagement of parents along parenting styles.

Keywords: Child Temperament, Parenting Styles, Working Millennial Mothers

Castillo, Ryan Carl C., Meycauayan College, Calvario, City of Meycauayan, Bulacan, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study examines the impact of principal visibility in instructional supervision on teachers' job performance within the context of secondary private schools in the City Schools Division of Laguna, Brgy. Mamatid, Cabuyao.

Methodology:  The study made use of standardized instruments as the primary data gathering tool, whereas a descriptive survey method was adopted to gather significant information, wherein two different surveyed questionnaires were utilized to examine the principal's visibility in instructional supervision and the teacher’s job performance.  Pearson's r correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship that exists between variables. 

Result: The result indicates that principal visibility in instructional supervision shows that two correlation coefficients were significant at =. 05 and nine correlation coefficients were significant at =. 01. 

Conclusion: Hence, there was a significant relationship between the principal’s visibility in instructional supervision and the teacher’s job performance. The findings indicate a significant relationship between principal visibility in instructional supervision and teacher job performance. This suggests the importance of effective instructional leadership in enhancing teacher performance and ultimately student outcomes.

Keywords: Instructional Supervision, Teachers Job Performance, Principals, Educational Leadership, School Management

Cabalquinto, Charisma, Reglos, Frances Angeline, Ampler, Charity Anne, Narvasa, Cherrie Mae, Camero, Paul Stephen, Nabua, Karyllesanshai, & Salting, John Erwin, College of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Luzon, Dagupan City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study evaluated the knowledge and attitudes of nurses towards Nursing Information Systems (NIS) at a private hospital in Dagupan City.

Methodology: This study used descriptive-comparative design, employing total enumeration in a hospital in Dagupan City with 49 respondents. Statistical tests used were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and one-way ANOVA.

Results: Nurses at a private hospital in Dagupan City ranked their proficiency with gadgets, computer terminology, and Microsoft Word as 'Very Good', showing assurance in their technological skills. They acknowledge the significance of Nursing Information Systems (NIS) in enhancing nursing care, streamlining documentation, and safeguarding patient data privacy. Demographic variables as age, sex, education, rank, and experience did not have a significant effect on nurses' understanding of NIS. However, female nurses displayed a more favorable attitude towards NIS compared to male nurses. Nurses generally believe that Nursing Information Systems (NIS) improve healthcare delivery and advocate for formal education and technical skills to effectively utilize NIS.

Conclusion: The researchers concluded that nurses at a private hospital in Dagupan City have a high level of trust in their computer and NIS-related skills, recognizing the major advantages of NIS in nursing care and documentation. Demographic factors such as age, education, and years of experience had no significant impact on knowledge and attitudes towards NIS. However, there is a noticeable difference between male and female nurses, with females displaying more positive attitudes. The significant impact of gender on technology acceptability and the generally positive attitude of nurses regarding NIS in the LMC.

Keywords: Attitudes towards Healthcare Technology, Gender Differences in Technology Acceptance, Nursing Information Systems (NIS), Nurses Technology Proficiency, NIS Impact on Nursing Care

Gemina, Geremy Dela Peña, University of Sta. Isabel, Naga City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study assessed the awareness and availment of perinatal care services among reproductive mothers in Naga City.

Methodology: This study used a mixed-method concurrent research design, incorporating surveys and qualitative interviews. Data were collected from 226 postpartum mothers across 14 barangays, with 10 participants involved in qualitative interviews.

Results: The study revealed high awareness and availment of perinatal care services among reproductive mothers, indicating positive perceptions and utilization across all phases. Statistical analyses demonstrated a positive correlation between awareness and availment. Factors influencing awareness and availment included accessibility to free medicines and healthcare services, effective dissemination of information, high-quality services, and a sense of safety and security. Limited capacity at health facilities was identified as a hindering factor.

Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of sustaining and enhancing current levels of awareness. The study suggests a comprehensive sustainability plan focusing on Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) strategies to promote behavior change and align with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets related to maternal and child health.

Keywords: awareness and availment/utilization of perinatal care services, reproductive mothers

Dialogo-Ibasco, Melanie, Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Inc., Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the effect of the competencies of library managers on the efficiency of library operations management in the private and state-owned universities in the Mainland Provinces of the Bicol Region.

Methodology: The research employed a descriptive-correlational and evaluative research design involving library managers, faculty members, and students as participants. Indicators in the research questionnaire come from standards derived from a thorough review of literature and studies validated by field experts. Mean scores, Pearson's R Moment Correlation, and Analysis of Variance techniques generated the empirical data.

Results: The mean competencies of library managers in Private HEIs and State-Owned academic libraries were 3.28 and 3.2, respectively. The respondents showed strong competencies across interpersonal skills, leadership skills, reference and user services, cataloging and collection development, and technical knowledge. Among clients (faculty and students), information resources, services, tools, and organization were rated highly, with 'Well-maintained library collections' and 'The library pursues strategies to stay relevant' being top indicators. Both sectors showed strong competency levels, with minor variations in specific areas.

Conclusion: The study revealed a high competency level among library managers, especially in interpersonal skills, leadership, reference services, and cataloging. Technological skills were a notable strength. Efficiency in managing library operations, particularly in information organization, was perceived as very high by faculty and staff. However, the study did not find a significant relationship between managers' competencies and operational efficiency. Additionally, there were no significant differences in competencies or efficiency levels between private and state-owned libraries.

Keywords: competencies, library operations, management efficiency, library managers

Tesoro, Margie V., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Inc., Naga City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: Inclusive education entailed providing students with disabilities with equitable opportunities to receive educational services to prepare them to live as fully functional members of society. This paper aimed to gain understanding of the lived experiences of inclusive education teachers handling students with special needs in a public elementary school in the Philippines.

Methodology: A qualitative research methodology was used in the study specifically a phenomenological design employing Moustakas data analysis of the modified Van Kaam Method. Fourteen elementary inclusive education teachers engaged in semi-structured interviews. They were chosen through a purposive sampling technique.

Results: Findings revealed that the presence of students with special needs affect both positively and negatively in the social dynamics within an inclusive classroom. There was peer support and collaboration among the students however, there was class interruption caused by students with special needs. In terms of instructional adaptations, the participants employed various instructional adaptations to support the diverse needs of students. The participants utilized differentiated, developmentally appropriate, and explicit teaching strategies.

Conclusion: From the findings, it can be inferred that classroom interaction among students affect the students’ academic performance. And teachers’ role in shaping inclusive education was significant. Thus, it is recommended that inclusive education teachers may be equipped with knowledge and skills necessary to apply an expanding array of instructional strategies and be encouraged to implement various social dynamics management techniques to improve the academic performance of students with and without disabilities inside an inclusive classroom.  

Keywords: Inclusive Education, Social Dynamics, Instructional Adaptations, teachers

Clemente, Edmond F., Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between mental well-being and work performance of teachers in selected private schools in the National Capital Region.

Methodology: A descriptive correlational research method was utilized for this study to mark out the essential attributes of the population about the subject being studied without changing or controlling its environment (Hale, 2018). This method was deemed appropriate to obtain the mental well-being status of the respondents in terms of positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, accomplishment, physical health, mindset, environment, and economic security. Lastly, it consisted of the aspects of teachers’ work performance in terms of planning and preparation for instruction, classroom management and facilitating students’ learning, and professionalism.  This study included three hundred twenty-nine private school teachers from the National Capital Region as respondents. Cochran’s Formula was used to determine the total number of respondents needed for this study.

Results: Overall, the top three mental well-being indicators were seeing their work as meaningful with a composite mean score of 4.37 and a verbal interpretation of very high functioning, positive emotions with a composite mean score of 4.20 and a verbal interpretation of high functioning, and feeling accomplished about their job with a composite mean score of 4.28 and a verbal interpretation of high functioning. The three lowest mental health indicators were their working environment with a composite mean of 3.90 and a high functioning verbal interpretation, being healthy physically with a composite mean of 3.71 and a high functioning verbal interpretation, and having economic security with a composite mean of 2.68 and a normal functioning verbal interpretation. In terms of teachers’ work performance, based on the results, professionalism got the highest composite mean of 4.44 and a verbal interpretation of outstanding. It was followed by classroom management and facilitating students’ learning with a composite mean score of 4.32 and a verbal interpretation of outstanding. Lastly, planning and preparation for instruction received a 4.17 composite mean score and a verbal interpretation of very satisfactory. All mental well-being indicators have direct correlation and significant relationships with the teachers’ work performance indicators.

Conclusion: The respondents have high-functioning mental well-being for the majority of the mental well-being indicators. Furthermore, teachers demonstrate an outstanding performance in most of the indicators for teachers’ work performance. Moreover, there is a significant relationship between teachers’ well-being status and teachers’ work performance.

Keywords: Mental Well-being, Work Performance, Positive Emotions, Engagement, Relationship, Meaning, Accomplishment, Physical Health, Mindset, Environment, Economic Security, PERMA, PERMA+4, Doctor in Education Management, Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Olitoquit, Hazel C., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga Inc., Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study addressed the critical gap in mathematics education in the Philippines, where students have consistently underperformed in international assessments. It evaluated the effectiveness of the MatHCOmp Card Game, an innovative educational tool designed to enhance numeracy skills, specifically in performing operations on integers with zero, positive, negative, and rational exponents.

Methodology: It employed a quasi-experimental two-group posttest research design, whereas the study compared outcomes of the control group, which received the traditional teaching methods, and the experimental group which utilized the MatHCOmp Card Game. Each group was consisted of forty-five students, and further categorized into low-performing, average-performing, and high-performing levels based on their initial numeracy skills. Descriptive method was used to assess the numeracy skills, and 2-factor ANOVA was conducted to determine significant differences in performance among the three categories and between the two groups. The research included teaching demonstrations and a posttest.

Results: The results revealed that the experimental group exhibited higher numeracy skills in three out of four competencies compared to the control group. There were very high significant differences (p=.000) in numeracy skills among the categories, as well as between two groups. However, no significant interaction (p=.083) was found between the categories and the groups. Notably, significant differences were observed among low-average (p=.000), low-high (p=.000), and average-high (p=.000) levels.

Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of innovative instructional strategies in mathematics education. The MatHCOmp Card Game significantly improved numeracy skills, outperforming traditional methods. This study provides valuable insights for educators in designing engaging and effective mathematics instruction that can bridge the gap between current performance levels and international standards.

Keywords: Numeracy Skills, Card Game, Scaffolding

Canela, Russell L., Graduate School Department, Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga Inc., Naga City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the level of pedagogical competence and the extent of practice of professional integrity of Basic Education Teachers within the Garchitorena District, Schools Division of Camarines Sur, during the academic year 2022-2023.

Methodology: The researcher utilized a descriptive-correlational-evaluative design. A total enumeration was employed in the choice of the study’s respondents based on the selection criteria. Specifically, this study’s respondents were eighty-five (85) public elementary school teachers from Garchitorena District, Schools Division of Camarines Sur. The researcher employed an adapted survey questionnaire to facilitate the collection of data necessary for determining the prevailing levels of pedagogical competence and the extent of professional integrity practiced of teachers. The statistical techniques utilized were the weighted mean, the two-way ANOVA, and the Pearson r.

Results: The findings revealed that the teachers’ level of pedagogical competence along the following areas, along teaching skills, management of learning environment, and teaching attitude is very high. Along learning resource development and professional development areas, is high. On the other hand, the teacher’s extent of practice of professional integrity along the following areas, state, community, profession, learners, parents, business and as a person is very high. Along the higher authorities in the profession, is high. Utilizing the Pearson Product-Moment of Correlation (Pearson r) and Coefficient of determination (), the results showed that management of learning environment, teaching attitude, and professional development significantly contributes to teachers’ extent of practice of professional integrity having a registered () values of 15.67%, 27.90% and 13.74%, respectively. Meanwhile, teaching skills and learning resource development does not significantly contribute to teachers’ extent of practice of professional integrity having a registered () values of 4.14% and 1.65% respectively. There was a significant difference on the level of pedagogical competence across areas, as the F-value = 61.3846, p < 0.05. However, no significant difference on the pedagogical competence “between groups” of respondents, as the F-value = 1.3846, p > 0.05. Also, the study found no significant difference on the extent of practice of professional integrity of teachers “across areas”, as the F-value = 1.8956, p > 0.05, and “between groups” of respondents, as the F-value = 0. 0064, p > 0.05, indicating a not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Based on the collected data, major conclusions were drawn from the study: (1) management of learning environment, teaching attitude and professional development significantly contribute to professional integrity. (2) While, teaching skills and learning resource development does not significantly contribute to professional integrity. (3) Based on the test statistics, there is no significant differences existed on the level of pedagogical competence and professional integrity between the two groups of teachers. (4) However, a highly significant difference existed only on the aspects of pedagogical competence particularly on learning resource development, management of learning environment as well as on professional development. Ultimately, the results collected were used to craft a sustainability program aimed at enhancing teachers' pedagogical competence and the practice of professional integrity.

Keywords: Pedagogical Competence, Professional Integrity, Basic Education Teachers, Sustainability Program

Penolio, Roy P., Universidad de Sta. Isabel de Naga, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the prevalence and variation of spiritual leadership among school heads and teachers in public secondary schools in the Philippines' fifth congressional district of Camarines Sur Province.

Methodology: A descriptive-evaluative quantitative research design was adopted to assess the manifestation of dimensions of vision, faith/hope, altruistic love, meaning/calling, membership, inner life, organizational commitment, productivity, and satisfaction with the life in educational settings. The research utilized a multistage sampling method, informed by the Cochran formula, to select a representative sample of 313 respondents. Data were collected using the Spiritual Leadership Questionnaire developed by Fry and Matherly (2006) and analyzed using mean and two-way ANOVA using GLM Procedures with Bootstrapping techniques.

Results: Teachers scored 2.71 to 4.73, while school heads scored 2.90 to 4.86. These scores indicate a "High" to "Very High" level of spiritual leadership, with the dimension of Meaning/Calling being the highest rated. Furthermore, significant variations were identified among the groups in the manifestations of Spiritual Leadership (F(1, 8 = 250) = 19.107, p = .000, η² = .007).

Conclusion: Findings indicate that teachers and school heads perceive their professional roles as meaningful and congruent with their personal values and beliefs, which influences their expression of spiritual leadership attributes. The study reveals distinct patterns in the perceptions and behaviors associated with spiritual leadership, highlighting the role of spiritual values in educational leadership and management.

Keywords: descriptive-evaluative, Educational Leadership and Management, Spiritual Leadership

Cacawa, Shenalyn Artagame, University De Sta. Isabel, Naga City, Philippines

Abstract

AIM:  This study aimed to determine and assess the competencies of nurses involved in the care management of patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery in private hospitals located in Daet, Camarines Norte. Specifically, the study aim to determine the level of nurses’ competencies across various indicators related to laparoscopic surgery, evaluate the extent of peri-operative care management, explore the relationship between nurses' competencies and peri-operative care management, identify factors that may help maintain nurses’ competencies, and propose a sustainable plan based on the study results.

METHODOLOGY:  The study utilized a concurrent mixed method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis. The research sample consisted of 36 registered nurses involved in the care management of laparoscopic surgery patients across various stages. Nurses from Level 1, 2, and 3 private hospitals in Daet, Camarines Norte were considered for inclusion. Data were collected using an adapted tool originally developed by Al-Tee and Al-Mukhtar, which was customized to suit the specific context of the study. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to assess nurses' competencies and peri-operative care management in laparoscopic surgery.

RESULT: The results of the study also reveal that the computed or obtained value of the Pearson Correlation is greater than the critical value at a 5% level of significance and one degree of freedom in all variables of the level of competencies. This suggests that the level of competencies during the peri-operative period is of paramount importance for the care management of patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery. Therefore, it is crucial to pay attention to improving oneself in terms of competencies and care management approaches.

CONCLUSION: This study underscores the importance of assessing nurses' competencies and peri-operative care management in laparoscopic surgery. The findings highlight the significant correlation between nurses' competencies and the quality of care provided during all phases of the peri-operative period. Nurses exhibited a high level of competency in various aspects of care management, indicating their dedication and skill in providing exceptional care to patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the need for ongoing professional development and support to maintain and improve nurses' expertise in the field. Factors such as competitive compensation and opportunities for growth were identified as influential in this regard. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the quality of care provided to laparoscopic surgery patients in private hospitals in Daet, Camarines Norte. It suggests opportunities for further enhancement in this critical aspect of healthcare delivery and highlights the importance of continuous improvement in competencies and care management approaches for nurses in this specialized field.

Keywords: nurse competencies, laparoscopic surgery, professional development

Tortoles, Eric B., Universidad de Sta. Isabel Incorporated, Naga City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This paper assessed the dynamism of student engagement within a virtual learning environment (VLE) following transitions from conventional learning spaces to online forums necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methodology: This investigation adopts an embedded mixed methods approach, integrating quantitative and qualitative methodologies to comprehensively explore the dimensions of students’ learning engagement, alongside its prospects and problems within a virtual learning context. The design is characterized as embedded, given that while quantitative and qualitative data were collected concurrently, the qualitative component is nested within the quantitative framework. Quantitatively, the study uses a descriptive research design, aiming to systematically quantify and characterize aspects of students’ learning engagement through the administration of survey questionnaires. This facet of the research targeted Senior High School students from selected institutions within the Division of Naga City, with a specific focus on Grade 12 learners, identified as a crucial subset of the study population for their representative value. Qualitatively, the study employs a phenomenological methodology to delve deeper into the experiential reality of students’ engagement in virtual learning environments, along with identifying the prospects and problems they encounter.

Results: The ANOVA table illustrates significant differences in student engagement across various educational parameters within a virtual classroom. The 'Between Groups' sum of squares (SS) of 1.274, with 5 degrees of freedom (DF), and mean square (MS) of .255, indicates variability in engagement among conditions or treatments studied. The F-ratio of 14.992, with a significance (Sig.) of .000, suggests non-homogeneity in engagement levels across groups. Conversely, the 'Within Groups' SS of .510, with 30 DF, and MS of .017, signifies minimal variance within groups. This discrepancy in variance, supported by a significant F-ratio, suggests substantial differences in engagement levels among groups, highlighting the impact of educational strategies in a virtual classroom. These insights can aid educational researchers and practitioners in optimizing instructional designs for enhanced student engagement.

Keywords: Students’ engagement, virtual learning environment, prospects and problems 

Fu, Nana & Gopez, Jose Ma W., Graduate School, Angeles University Foundation, Angeles City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to explore the relationship between the motivational beliefs and self-regulated learning strategies in a selected university in Jiangsu, China.

Methodology: Descriptive-correlational quantitative research design was utilized in the study to describe the variables and their relationships. A random sampling was employed to determine the sample size. 617 Chinese college students participated in the study. All collected data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho for correlation.

Results: The results of the study revealed the Chinese college students’ motivational beliefs were positively correlated with their self-regulated learning strategies.

Conclusion: The significant relationship between motivational beliefs and self-regulated learning strategies among college students in China highlighted the importance of understanding motivational factors in shaping students' learning behaviors and academic outcomes.

Keywords: motivational beliefs, self-regulated learning strategies, Chinese college students

Diaz, Anton Miguel, Econg, Prince Zoe, Gandeza, Vincent Raul, Guerra, Therese Mae, Gutierrez, Jodine Guia, Ignacio, Agnes Marie, Lapuz, Kristianne, Licaros, Dianne, & Lozada, Rio, University of Santo Tomas, España, Manila, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The array of Point-Of-Care Tests (POCT) methods, from traditional prothrombin time to cutting-edge microfluidic and smartphone-based technologies, signifies a transformative shift toward convenient and efficient coagulation testing. This paper explores the dynamic landscape of blood coagulation disorder diagnosis, emphasizing the emerging pivotal role of POCT in rapidly assessing hemostasis.

Methodology: The article employed a mini-review methodology referencing recent and up-to-date peer-reviewed journals. Based on set criteria, 27 articles were deemed pertinent for the review.

Results: While less precise than laboratory counterparts, POCT's accessibility and user-friendliness empower non-laboratory personnel, especially in time-sensitive scenarios such as intraoperative care or critical illnesses. POCT has demonstrated significant benefits in surgical contexts, reducing blood product transfusions and postoperative complications. Beyond surgery, the relevance of POCT extends to addressing global challenges like the COVID-19 pandemic and high-altitude conditions.

Conclusion: The investigation into the various journals proves the dynamic landscape of POC coagulation testing, with a wide variety of methods for measuring these vital parameters. Point-of-care tests offer convenience and efficiency in coagulation testing, particularly in time-sensitive scenarios like intraoperative care and critical illnesses. However, its limitations and the need for robust quality assurance programs underscore the importance of careful implementation and oversight.

Keywords: Blood coagulation monitoring, Point-of-care-testing, Advancements, Applications

Dadayan, Maulana M., & Dadayan, Sitieainah S., Mindanao State University – Marawi, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study primarily aimed to investigate effects of project-oriented approach in teaching mathematics towards the students’ performance and interest in math among college students in the engineering technology courses at MSU-Lanao National College of Arts and Trade in Marawi City.

Methodology: Using a quasi-experimental research design, the respondents were grouped into two, the Experimental Group and the Control Group. Data were gathered using achievement test in math which was administered as pretest and posttest; interest test in mathematics; POA lesson plan; field notes, and journal logs. After the data was gathered, it was analyzed using SPSS for windows.

Results: Findings of the study revealed that the POA positively influenced the students’ mathematics performance and interest for the reason that the experimental group has gained higher mean difference compare to that of the control group for based on the mean significant difference results of Pretest (t-test value of -75.091, p< 0.05) and Posttest (t-test value of -64.934, p< 0.05)Experimental Group gained 10.14 which is greater than the 3.773 result of Control Group, and as for the interest test, the mean difference of Pre-interest test of the Experimental Group were 14.136 which is greater than the 4.863 result of Control Group; therefore, there is a significant difference in the mathematics performance of the two (2) groups namely the Experimental Group and the Control Group after the intervention.

Conclusion: The students’ Mathematics performance improved significantly, especially the students under the experimental group that exposed to POA method of teaching it had gained of 10.140. Thus, putting the knowledge based on the improvement of the students’ achievements at their work in classroom must be recognized. Also, the quality of the implementation of a teaching practice greatly influences its impact on students’ learning. Using manipulative materials to investigate a concept, like project-oriented approach for example, depends not only on whether manipulative materials are used, but also on how they are used with the students.

Keywords:  Project-Oriented Approach, Students’ Interest, Students’ Performance, Interactive Approach, and Learning Skills

Manguiat, Rechelle M., Lyceum of the Philippines University

Abstract

Aim: This research aimed to present the connection among motivation to transfer, environmental factors and training transfer at the workplace.

Methodology: The study is descriptive and correlational research that utilized quantitative data to present the moderating effects of motivation to transfer between the workplace factors and the training transfer. The descriptive part of the study was used to identify the significant factors influencing the training transfer of employees. On the other hand, the correlational part of the study was used to examine the relationship (if any) between age, gender, position title, tenure, employment status, civil status and department, as the demographic factors with work environment factors and training transfer. For the moderating effect of motivation to transfer, it was examined using the moderation analysis.

Results: There is no significant difference in the three variables: motivation to transfer, environmental factors and training transfer when grouped by profile. On the other hand, there is a significant relationship between motivation to transfer, environment factors and training transfer with a computed p-value that is less than 0.05. Furthermore, the moderating variable (motivation to transfer) has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between environmental factors and training transfer with a p value of .0462.

Conclusion: Trainers in the manufacturing company may use this as guidelines in strategic planning to ensure that every employee who attended the training will have a successful transfer of training when they get back to their workplace after the training. Moreover, future researchers may use the results and findings as reference for their study and conduct other research of a parallel topic to validate the findings of this study.

Keywords: Environmental Factors, Training Transfer and Motivation to Transfer

Garcia, Jenelle M., & Ocenar, Maria Milagrosa M., Colegio De San Juan De Letran Calamba

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to determine the alterations brought about by the pandemic to Generation Zs’ expectation of their career aspirations and work-life balance. This also recommends possible HR initiatives that can help achieve the career aspirations and work-life balance of the Gen Z workforce.

Methodology: Qualitative research methodology was used in this study to understand the work behavior of Generation Zs based on their lived post-pandemic experiences in the workplace. The study was supported by Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory and its constructs by reflecting how this workforce, based on their experiences, learn, and adapt to the change in other people’s behaviors and experiences. Eight Gen Z employees from the fintech company engaged in focus group discussions and interviews. Homogeneous sampling was utilized to identify the participants for this study.

Results: The findings of the study revealed that the following factors had a substantial influence on the work behavior of the Gen Z workforce: perception of work, motivation towards work, work environment, and disrupted work-life balance. Furthermore, the findings denoted that the Gen Zs prefer to have a fulfilling career where they could have stability in their finances. They aspire to move up the corporate ladder, but still, they prioritize their work-life balance and their families.

Conclusion: The Gen Zs’ experiences resulted in a shift in employment objectives and a greater emphasis on the flexibility and personal development. This study recommended to the HR Department the development of positive employee experience initiatives that promote inclusive, flexible, and resilient workplaces that encourage work-life balance, career development, and job satisfaction. This initiative would assist organizations and policymakers in adapting to the changing expectations and priorities of the Gen Z workforce.

Keywords: post COVID-19 pandemic, work behavior, Gen Z workforce, expectations, work-life balance.

Espero, Marius Gleen G., Univesidad De Sta. Isabel, Naga City, Camarines Sur, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study employed the institutional readiness for information system management within public secondary schools and its correlation with records management practices. The research addressed specific inquiries related to institutional readiness, encompassing human resources, technological facilities, and management support. Additionally, it determined record management across dimensions such as data collection and retrieval, data banking, data management, and data control.

Methodology: The study employed the descriptive-evaluative-correlational method of research. The descriptive method was used to determine the status of the Learners’ Information System of school in terms of data collection, record keeping, management processes, and control activities. Likewise, it was used to determine the level of efficiency of school in managing its information system along identifying and categorizing information, validating and evaluating, capturing and storing valuable information, and systems to search and retrieve information. The study enhanced its analytical depth by incorporating an evaluative research method, which critically assessed the effectiveness and impact of the school's existing information system practices. This approach allowed for a rigorous evaluation of the system's strengths and weaknesses, providing insights into its performance and alignment with the school's objectives. The evaluative method involved a systematic examination of different dimensions of the information system, including functionality, usability, and overall efficiency. By gathering feedback from key stakeholders such as administrators, teachers, students, and parents, the study gained valuable perspectives on how well the system fulfilled their needs and expectations. The correlational method was used to determine the significant relationship between the status of implementation of the learners’ information system and the level of efficiency of the school in managing its information system.

Results: (1) The institutional readiness to information system along human resources was interpreted as poor.; (2) The level of record management system in the institution was interpreted as very high; (3) The differences among aspects of institutional readiness and record management were not significant; (4) The effect of institutional readiness on information system management to record management was not significant.

Conclusion: The development plan aims to: improve institutional readiness for system integration with HR; sustain high proficiency in record management; address discrepancies in readiness and management; explore the impact of readiness on system management.

Keywords: Learners’ Information System, Enhanced Records Management, Record Management

Campilla, Marinel E., & Cariño, Cynthia M., Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the reading literacy of the Grade-7 leaners of Dan-ar Integrated School for the school year 2022-2023 using the Functional Literacy Assessment Tool (FLAT).

Methodology: This study utilized the descriptive-correlational research design to determine the relationship that exists between the profile of the respondents and the level of post-reading assessment of Grade-7 learners. The respondents of the study were the 100% of 62 officially enrolled Grade-7 students of DIS of S.Y. 2022-2023. The research instrument used in this study was the Functional Literacy Assessment Tool (FLAT).

Results: Findings show that most respondents were female, with majority in the age range of 12 to 13. Parents' educational attainment varied, with a significant number having completed high school. The predominant ethnic affiliation was Ilocano/Ilokano; most learners belonged to the low-income class. Grade 7 learners demonstrated varying levels of reading literacy, with proficiency observed across functional literacy levels such as paragraph, story, and local material comprehension. Significant growth was observed from pre-reading to post-reading assessments, indicating the effectiveness of intervention programs in enhancing literacy levels over time. Age showed a significant negative correlation with literacy level, while parents' educational attainment and reading proficiency exhibited positive correlations. Socio-economic status showed a moderately positive correlation, and reading status for the last reading validation had a strong positive correlation with overall literacy level. A significant improvement in literacy levels was observed from pre-reading to post-reading assessments, with learners demonstrating higher mean scores following the intervention program. The observed difference was statistically significant, highlighting the effectiveness of targeted reading interventions and instructional programs in promoting literacy development among respondents.

Conclusion: Based on the result of the study, the researcher crafted a comprehensive intervention plan that will help teachers and learners especially in coping the challenges in reading literacy.

Keywords: FLAT, reading literacy, reading level, reading interventions, instructional programs

Maceda, Wemirae B., & Pañares, Nick C., Southern De Oro Philippines College, Julio Pacana St., Licuan, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study determined the usage of social media and the teachers' performance in Public National Junior High Schools of Balingasag, Misamis Oriental, for the School Year 2022-2023.

Methodology: The study used a descriptive-correlational with documentary analysis of research investigation because it aimed to describe and examine potential relationships between the variables. This study is descriptive correlational in nature that involves gathering data through surveys or observational methods to examine the relationships between variables and tries to comprehend the universal essence of a phenomenon.  

Results:  Collaboration, creativity, and knowledge sharing vs IPCRF are not significant at 0.05. In summary, taking it at the coefficient level, the usage of social media is not correlated to teachers’ performance, with a p value greater than 0.05. Thus, the correlation analysis yielded that the null hypothesis test (Ho1) was accepted. With the following findings, there is no correlation. These findings imply that social media usage has already become a common practice in the teaching strategies of many teachers and already imparted with how they handle teaching.

Conclusion: Collaboration, Creativity, and Knowledge sharing through the use of social media have no significant relationship on teachers’ performance which implies that the use of social media usage has already become a common practice in the teaching strategies of many teachers and already imparted with how they handle teaching. Moreover, it may be necessary for instructors to be innovative in the classroom by incorporating the usage of social media and learning tools into the curriculum and instruction. School Administrators may encourage teachers to continuously improve Information Literacy, promote the future use of ICT, and maximize social media to improve teaching.

Keywords: Knowledge sharing, Social media; Teachers’ Performance

Xiangming Tang, Graduate School, Adamson University, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: In today's rapidly evolving educational landscape, the integration of innovative technologies has become a critical component in enhancing the learning experience. This study focuses on the application of such technologies within the realm of physical education, particularly examining their impact on the self-learning abilities of physical education majors. The objective of this research is to investigate how tools such as Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be utilized to foster greater independence in learning among students.

Methodology: By employing quantitative research methodologies, we aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of these technologies in real-world teaching environments.  

Results:  The findings of this study indicate that innovative technologies significantly improve learning efficiency by providing interactive and immersive educational experiences. For instance, VR allows students to engage in realistic simulations of physical activities, thereby enhancing their practical skills and understanding. AR, on the other hand, overlays digital information onto the physical world, offering students an enriched learning environment that can adapt to their individual needs. AI-driven platforms provide personalized learning paths and instant feedback, helping students to identify their strengths and areas for improvement.

Conclusion: The research results show that innovative technology can not only improve learning efficiency but also significantly enhance students' self-learning abilities. By introducing technologies such as VR, AR, and AI, educational institutions can create more interactive and immersive learning environments for students, promoting their overall development and academic achievement.

Keywords: Innovative Technology, Teaching, Self-Learning Abilities, Physical Education Majors

Celoso, Warren S., Capiz State University, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The researcher developed trolley type drawing and art table for research study with the desire to improve, enhance usefulness, mobility and practical ways for drawing and painting activities especially on school-based art making project, commissioned artworks as well as job satisfaction and for economic development.

Methodology: This study employed the developmental method of research, developmental method has been defined as “the systematic study of designing, developing and evaluating instructional programs, processes, and products that must meet the criteria of internal consistency and effectiveness” (Seels & Richey, 1994). The development of trolley type drawing and art table is the modification of the different processes involved in working with mechanical drawing and artwork production in painting.

Results: The development of trolley type drawing and art table implies that the device was planned for a specific purpose in technical drawing and visual art activities, parts can be assemble & dis assemble for workmanship and its function are applicable for end user having basic and technical skills in drawing and painting.  The ability to move or be moved freely and easily, also ability to fold and convert drawing board into trolley type device with ball-caster wheel are attach for mobility. The device layout and plan for fabrication are being followed, tools and materials of the device are being used for construction and packaging are well-covered or decorated with paint. It has a capability to be assembled and dis assembled with proper orientation, able to be used in 8 hours a day for mechanical drawing and art activities and effective used for secondary and college students in terms of mechanical drawing and visual art activities. The attached foldable and removable wooden bracing with ball caster wheel attached on the wooden leg can provide a mobility and ease of transportation as well as to practice ergonomically using proper technical specification and feature of the said device.

Conclusion: Development of trolley type drawing and art table can enhance ease of work, adjustable mechanism for painting board for art activities and to perform workmanship for mechanical drawing. Different technical specifications and feature of the device may contribute to the performance level of a person or user in order to meet the expected output in a given time. Moreover, the assembling and dis-assembling of its parts results to a mobility upon working in an indoor/outdoor drawing and art activities which will benefit the consumer or the end user. While acceptability of trolley type drawing and art table are very acceptable for the whole process of output making and to practice ergonomically using proper technical specification and feature of the said device.

Keywords:  Composition, Utility, Portability, technical specification and feature

De Guzman, David Timothy, Dimaano, Jamie, Dy, Zelene DJ Adrianne, Filart, Kristine May, Franco, Sophie Nicolette, Gara, Jarred Jones, Garcia, Mary Danielle, Garcia, Miguel Joaquin, Javier, Maria Erika Ysabela, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santo Tomas, Manila City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The protection of patient data stands as a cornerstone of ethical and responsible medical practice (Nass, Levit & Gostin, 2009). With this, this comprehensive review that intends to embark on a comparative exploration of patient data privacy laws within the medical technology profession, with a specific focus on drawing parallels of regulatory framework between the Philippines, a third-world country, and Australia, a representative first-world country.

Methodology: The selection and search criteria used a comprehensive electronic search of related literature published between January 1, 2000, and November 5, 2023.

Results: First-world nations such as Australia frequently exhibit more developed and sophisticated legal arrangements for patient data privacy. Meanwhile, in the Philippine context, this comparative lens facilitates a recognition of best practices and possible areas for improvement in upholding and safeguarding data privacy.

Conclusions: With promising laws put into place, it is concluded that protecting privacy is a priority not just in developed countries but also in developing countries, with the same objective of safeguarding people’s privacy from further data breaches. If new situations emerge and data breaches potentially compromising patient privacy arise, these laws must be amended as necessary to avoid further damage and improve security.

Keywords: Data Privacy Law, Medical Technology, Patient, Philippines, Australia

Su, Rui, College of Education and Liberal Arts, Graduate School, Adamson University, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to explore whether personality characteristics and self-awareness activities could predict mental health outcomes among costume performance students. Through in-depth analysis and comprehensive consideration of these factors, the study aimed to provide more targeted mental health support and interventions for students in this field, promoting their all-round development and the healthy progress of the industry.

Methodology: This study adopted quantitative research method. Through questionnaires and data analysis, the study deeply explored the predictors of mental health outcomes among costume performance students.

Results: The findings indicated that, when exploring the predictors of mental health among costume performance students, there was a close relationship between personality characteristics and mental health outcomes. An individual's personality characteristics often affected the performance and development of their mental health. Meanwhile, self-awareness activities played a vital role in promoting mental health. Self-awareness activities in aspects such as emotional awareness, reflection on thinking patterns, behavioral adjustment, and coping with stress helped costume performance students better understand and manage their own mental state, thereby maintaining and improving mental health.

Conclusion: The research results showed that personality characteristics and self-awareness activities played an important role in mental health. Schools and industries should pay attention to students' mental health issues, improve students' mental health through education, training, and psychological counseling, and strengthen the protection and promotion of their mental health. By comprehensively considering an individual's personality characteristics, self-awareness activities, and other related factors, mental health problems could be prevented and dealt with more effectively, promoting students' comprehensive development and mental health.

Keywords: costume performance, mental health, predictors

Abenojar, Minard B., National Teachers College, Manila, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) on improving the reading comprehension of Grade Three pupils at Toro Hills Elementary School.

Methodology: The experimental method of research was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) on improving reading comprehension. The main source of data came from thirty Grade Three pupils at Toro Hills Elementary School, selected through purposive sampling and divided into two groups: 15 pupils in the control group and 15 pupils in the experimental group. Pretests and posttests were used to measure reading comprehension levels before and after the intervention, with the experimental group receiving instruction through the DRTA method and the control group receiving traditional teaching.

Results: Directed Reading Thinking Activity was very effective in improving the reading comprehension of the grade three pupils. Table 5 indicates that DRTA is more effective than a traditional teaching in improving the posttest scores of the pupils.

Conclusion: This study concludes that the Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) significantly improved the reading comprehension of Grade Three pupils at Toro Hills Elementary School. The findings revealed substantial differences between the pretest and posttest results for both the control and experimental groups, as well as significant differences between the posttest results of the two groups.

Keywords: effectiveness, Directed Reading Thinking Activity, reading comprehension, conventional method

Harilla, Alvin R., Romero, Ronald P., Lopez, Gabriel Ma. J., Reyes, J. M., Paulino, E. P., & Juanzon, Joseph Berlin P., University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines

ABSTRACT

Aim: This study aimed to explore the determinants of internal branding within the telecommunications sector, focusing on how Shared Culture and Policy (SCP) and Employee Brand Advocacy (EBA) influence internal branding effectiveness. It sought to deepen the understanding of internal branding dynamics and offer practical recommendations for enhancing brand reputation and employee satisfaction within the industry.

Methodology: The research employed an exploratory sequential mixed-method approach, integrating qualitative and quantitative analyses. The study began with a qualitative phase that involved collecting data from various management levels within telecommunications firms to understand the manifestations of corporate brand acceptance and strategic management practices related to internal branding. This phase was followed by a quantitative analysis involving 456 respondents, aimed at measuring the levels of Employee Brand Advocacy and its impact on the effectiveness of internal branding strategies. Techniques such as Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) were used to validate and interpret the findings.

Results: The qualitative analysis uncovered diverse dimensions of Shared Culture and Policy, highlighting the role of strategic management practices, communication strategies, and brand identity implementation within the organizational culture. The quantitative phase revealed significant levels of Employee Brand Advocacy and identified a robust internal brand promotion framework that included tailored training programs, strategic advocacy initiatives, and comprehensive internal communication channels. These elements collectively fostered a cohesive internal connection and instilled brand loyalty among employees.

Conclusion: The study concluded that both Shared Culture and Policy and Employee Brand Advocacy are critical determinants of internal branding effectiveness in the telecommunications industry. It highlighted the pivotal role of top management in driving these elements through well-crafted brand messages and consistent identity strategies. The findings suggest that integrating internal branding strategies with management practices enhances organizational culture, employee engagement, and overall brand reputation, contributing to the sector's resilience and competitive advantage.

Keywords: Internal Branding, Telecommunications Industry, Employee Brand Advocacy, Shared Culture and Policy, Exploratory Sequential Approach, Brand Management

Gabinete, Rheza Maureen Joy Y., Colegio de Montalban, Kasiglahan, Rodriguez, Rizal, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: Banana farming is a significant contributor to the agricultural sector in the Philippines, playing a vital role in the economy and food security. Despite its importance, banana farmers often face challenges due to the lack of tailored support and resources. This research aimed to explore the experiences of banana farmers in Montalban, Rizal, with the objective of informing the development of an extension program that addresses their specific needs.

Methodology: A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing interviews, focus group discussions, and observations to gather insights into the experiences, challenges, and preferences of banana farmers in Montalban, Rizal. Participants included local banana farmers, and data collection methods were chosen to ensure a comprehensive understanding of their perspectives.

Results: The study revealed that banana farming is deeply rooted in the community, with farmers engaging in the practice across generations. Despite their resilience, farmers face challenges such as pest management, market accessibility, and technical proficiency. However, there is a strong interest among farmers in learning about value-added products and engaging in training workshops to enhance their skills.

Conclusion: The findings highlight the need for tailored support and interventions to empower banana farmers in Montalban, Rizal. A well-designed extension program, informed by the community's unique needs and preferences, holds promise for enhancing livelihoods, fostering innovation, and contributing to the sustainable growth of the local agricultural sector. This research provides valuable insights into the experiences of banana farmers and underscores the importance of developing targeted interventions to address their specific challenges. By leveraging community strengths and addressing identified gaps, stakeholders can work towards a more resilient and prosperous future for banana farming.

Keywords: Banana farming, Agricultural sector, Extension program, Qualitative research, Farmer support, Sustainable growth, Montalban Rizal

Nonan, Kevin L., Nicolas, Karina Marie G., Marcos, Mark Joker L., Gaffud, Oliva M., Isabela State University-Echague Campus, Philippines / Faculty of School of Veterinary Medicine, Isabela State University-Echague Campus, Philippines / Faculty of College of Agriculture, Isabela State University-Echague Campus, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: Native animals depend on their unique phenotypic and genetic characteristics to adapt to their environment and the conditions of small-scale farms. This study, conducted in San Mariano, Isabela, aimed to understand the profiles and rearing practices of native pig farmers for a sustainable industry.

Methodology: The study made use of a descriptive survey method. Data on the demographic profile, production practices, and challenges in raising native pigs of the native pig's raisers were gathered using a structured questionnaire and were reviewed using the Cronbach reliability test during the visit through face-to-face interviews. The phenotypic character and reproductive performance of the native pigs were collected through observation and measurements.  

Results: In San Mariano, Isabela, the majority of native pig raisers (31-50 years old, female, married, Roman Catholic, with elementary education) depended on farming as their primary income source, having less than five years of experience in native pig production. Native pigs, mainly females (gilts and sows) aged 6 to 8 months, exhibited black color, straight dense hair, and docile behavior. Morphometric measurements indicated variations between genders, with females being heavier. Breeding practices, farrowing patterns, and reproductive performance were documented, highlighting breeding at specific ages, mating intervals, and litter sizes. Native pigs were raised for both food and income, employing tethering and semi-confinement systems, with locally-made housing. Feeding involved wet food with ad libitum water supply and a mixture of farm by-products and commercially pelleted feeds. Challenges faced by raisers included limited veterinary access, escalating feed costs, and various production issues.

Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, there are many native pig raisers in the municipality of San Mariano, Isabela. Mature native pigs were generally black with plain color and had straight snouts and head profiles with semi-lop ears. Sexual dimorphism was observed wherein females were heavier and longer than males. Most of the farmers rear their pigs in the traditional system of raising and use readily available farm by-products as feeds. Native pig raising in the locality is limited by lack of access to veterinary services and others. Traits related to native pigs were due to inbreeding since native pig raisers obtained their stocks within the locality.

Keywords: farming, native pigs, breeding practices, tethering, semi-confinement, morphometry, farrowing

Lovendino, Jan Ethan V., Bicol College, Daraga, Albay, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study assessed the current status of medical technologists and their effect on the health care services in private hospitals in the Bicol Region.

Methodology: A developmental type 2 research design was employed to develop insights into the challenges faced by MTs and their effects on healthcare provision. The study included 171 registered MTs from various private hospitals in the Region, employing total enumeration to ensure a comprehensive understanding.

Results: Findings revealed that MTs were predominantly female and in the middle age group, discharged their responsibilities with utmost care, observed ethical values and collaborated with other health personnel. Despite laborious workloads leading to long working hours and stress, they exhibited skill and efficiency in conducting laboratory examinations, ensuring accurate results. Moreover, there was a significant difference along the effectiveness of healthcare delivery as perceived by the clients and medical technologist, however, despite the difference it turned out to be still in consistent with the testing procedures. Lastly, challenges such as limited access to professional development and inadequate remuneration persist, affecting their well-being and job satisfaction

Conclusion: The findings underscore the crucial role of MTs in the healthcare system, highlighting their dedication, professionalism, and commitment to upholding ethical standards and delivering accurate and timely laboratory results. Despite facing numerous challenges, including heavy workloads and limited career advancement opportunities, MTs continue to demonstrate resilience and perseverance in fulfilling their responsibilities.

Keywords: correlation, work environment, job satisfaction,  intention to quit

Inductivo, Ivan Brian L., Emilio Aguinaldo College, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The principal intent of this research is to ascertain the level of foresight knowledge and the level of foresight practice among education development planners in the Schools Division Offices throughout the Department of Education, Region IV-A CALABARZON.

Methodology: This study employed a descriptive, comparative-correlational design using surveys to determine the relationship between the variables. This study was participated by the 97 members of the Division Education Development Planning committees from the 23 Schools Division Offices in the region. Purposive sampling was employed with the criteria that they are part of the division’s education development planning committee, and then, after, total enumeration of all qualified. Utilizing a validated questionnaire, this study measured foresight knowledge and foresight practices across several components.

Results: Findings indicate that respondents possess a moderate level of foresight knowledge (mean = 2.95) and foresight practice (mean = 2.71), with significant differences in knowledge observed between different positions but not across other demographics. A strong positive correlation (r = 0.779, p < 0.001) between foresight knowledge and practice was identified, suggesting that increased knowledge leads to better implementation.

Conclusion: The findings of this study shed light on the relationship between foresight knowledge and foresight practice among educational planners and administrators in the DepEd CALABARZON Region. Through the use of Pearson’s r correlation analysis, it was determined that as the level of foresight knowledge increases, so does the level of foresight practice.

Keywords: Strategic Foresight, Educational Planning, Foresight Knowledge, Foresight Practices, CALABARZON

Beredo, Larah Jane B., & Camino, Honesto O., Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Open University System, Unisan, Quezon, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the moderating effects of demographics on the relationship between delivering distance learning and teachers' well-being in the Division of Lucena City.

Methodology: A quantitative research approach was used, involving a Likert-type scale via Google Forms to survey 350 teachers on their competency in distance learning. Data analysis included statistical measurements such as Mean, Standard Deviation, and Regression Analysis, with stratified random sampling. The primary research method was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to explore the moderating effects of demographics on the relationship between distance learning and teachers' well-being. SEM, which includes a structural model and a measurement model, was used to analyze complex relationships among variables, specifying direct effects of distance learning on well-being and potential moderating influences of demographics. Parameters were estimated using maximum likelihood estimation.

Results: The results demonstrate teachers' high competency in both online and modular learning, with consistent mastery in phases of Introduction, Development, Engagement, and Assimilation. Age significantly influences well-being in online distance learning, while civil status impacts well-being in modular distance learning.

Conclusion: The study highlights the need for individualized support systems for teachers, considering their unique demographic circumstances. It recommends educational establishments prioritize teachers' well-being by providing necessary tools and assistance, and encourages further research on the moderating roles of demographics in the relationship between teachers' well-being and distance learning delivery.

Keywords: Distance Learning, Internal and External Wellbeing, Moderation Analysis, Demographic Variable

Banawan, Ruby C., & Cabrejas, Maribeth M., Lourdes College, Inc., Cagayan De Oro, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: Physical Education instructors play a crucial role in shaping the college experience. Their influence extends beyond physical fitness, impacting students' overall well-being, academic performance, and social development. By examining the effects of various instructional styles on student engagement, this study aimed to empower educators with insights to optimize their teaching methods.

Methodology: A descriptive-correlational design was utilized to examine the relationship between teaching styles (lecture, coach, activity, group, and hybrid) and student engagement dimensions (affective, behavioral, and cognitive) among students officially enrolled in PE classes in an institution in Cagayan de Oro City during the academic year 2023-2024. Data were collected through the use of validated and pilot-tested questionnaires. The collected data were then analyzed using a variety of statistical techniques, including descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and multiple regression.

Results: Results indicated that all examined teaching styles were highly rated but exhibited variable influence on different dimensions of student engagement. The regression analysis revealed significant associations between specific teaching styles and engagement dimensions: lecture, group, and hybrid styles significantly affected affective engagement: the lecture and group approaches mainly affected the affective engagement and the behavioral engagement was greatly influenced by the group and lecture approaches; the only and highly effective approach in the cognitive engagement only that was found to be the group style.  

Conclusion: This study highlights the power of teaching style in shaping students' engagement. It underscores the multifaceted nature of teaching style effectiveness. While all styles have value, their influence on specific engagement dimensions varies, suggesting a need for tailored approaches to maximize student learning outcomes specifically in PE classes.

Keywords: Affective engagement, behavioral engagement, cognitive engagement, Physical Education teaching styles, student engagement

Mendoza, Efigenio R., & Godoy, Maria Jona D., St. Anne College Lucena Inc., Lucena City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The research investigated the factors influencing graduating senior high school students in private schools in Lucena City to pursue dentistry.

Methodology: Quantitative methods were employed, utilizing purposive sampling and a Raosoft calculator to administer a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire covered aspects such as academic readiness, aspirations, socioeconomic backgrounds, and awareness of dentistry.

Results: Pearson's correlation test revealed a statistically significant positive correlation (r = .107, p = .017) between influencing factors and acceptance of dentistry programs. This result underscored the interdependence of these variables in students' decisions.

Conclusion: The study's insights suggest several targeted strategies for educational institutions and policymakers. These include gender-specific outreach initiatives, tailored support programs based on income levels, enhancements in career guidance services, and the establishment of a dedicated Dentistry Information Center. These strategies aim to better support prospective dentistry students from senior high school.

Keywords: Senior High School, Private School, Dentistry Program, Acceptance Factors

Bernas, Rojane F., & Andal, Edilberto Z., Laguna State Polytechnique University – San Pablo Campus, Graduate Studies and Applied Research, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the relationship between the utilization of a project-based learning (PBL) approach as perceived by the students, the level of productive competence, and the level of learning engagement of the Bachelor of Technical-Vocational Teacher Education (BTVTED) students.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive-correlational design using surveys to determine the relationship between students' perception of the utilization of the project-based learning approach, productive competence, and learning engagement of the BTVTED students. This study was conducted at Tanauan City College from September to December 2023 with 64 respondents. Purposive sampling was employed and considered the total enumeration of the students with the criteria that they are 3rd year BTVTED college students who were enrolled in any technical/specialized courses.

Results: The PBL Approach was not significantly associated with productive competencies. However, some PBL approaches may be more effective in developing specific productive competencies than others. Moreover, the PBL Approach was validated by the significant relationship between the utilization of the PBL approach as perceived by the students and the level of the learning engagement of the BTVTED college students, hence remarkably improving their productive competencies. Thus, the students undergoing the utilization of the PBL approach have considerably higher learning engagement in task and learning processes.

Conclusion: There was no correlation between the PBL approach and productive competence. Thus, the null hypothesis failed to be rejected. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between the utilization of the PBL approach as perceived by the students and the level of learning engagement of the BTVTED college students. Thus, the null hypothesis was rejected.

Keywords: Project-Based Learning Approach, Productive Competence, Learning Engagement

Abad, Kathleen Claire D., Toyota Motor Philippines Corporation, Toyota Special Economic Zone, Santa Rosa Tagaytay Highway, Santa Rosa City, Laguna 4026, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The objectives of this research study is to describe the analysis, design, and development of the Maintenance Reminder Staff (MRS) training module enhancement in order to improve objection handling skills of newly hired Toyota dealer personnel. It aimed to bridge the gap in MRS knowledge on the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and to improve their communication skills, particularly on negotiating and handling objections.

Methodology: The MRS training module content enhancement was guided by the step-by-step process of the well-established Analysis-Design-Development-Implementation-Evaluation (ADDIE) instructional design model, one of the most commonly used guides in developing training programs. This enhanced design was then compared to the existing training intervention to determine its effectiveness in improving MRS objection-handling skills. The assumption is that there is a significant difference between objection handling skills of trainees’ who were exposed to the enhanced training module design and of those who were exposed to the existing one. The final phase in the ADDIE model, which is the Evaluation phase, determined whether MRS ability to handle objections have indeed improved or not. The change in the dependent variables (objection handling skills) was described and analyzed in this phase as well.

Results: Following the step-by-step process of ADDIE revealed that the contents of the existing MRS training module is not that relevant and applicable to the current dealer situation. This may primarily be due to the lack of content update since the training roll-out in 2014. In order to achieve the goal of equipping MRS with the necessary competencies that are needed to perform their respective functions well, the learning needs of trainees had to be identified first in order to bridge the competency gap between the current condition and the ideal situation. Upon evaluating its effectiveness in achieving the objectives, the MRS training module enhancement was found to have improved MRS’ objection handling skills, which consequently led to an overall improved Key Performance Indicator (KPI) achievement and increased customer satisfaction.

Conclusion: From the findings, it can be inferred that there is a vital need to consistently keep training programs up-to-date with the changing times, in order for it to remain effective and relevant to the goals of the organization. Thus, regular training needs analysis and program evaluation must be conducted in order to consistently deliver trainings that will positively impact trainees and organizations alike.  

Keywords: Learning and Development, Training, Module Enhancement, Communication Skills, Customer Service

Fanoga, Shella F., Philippine State College of Aeronautics Fernando Air Base Campus, Lipa City, Batangas, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The objective of this paper was to derive a general formula for the integration of powers of hyperbolic sine and hyperbolic cosine functions using the Binomial Theorem.

Methodology: The study used pure mathematical research to develop formulas by discovering through mathematical methods and theorems that lead to the generalization of the formulas presented.

Results: The derived formulas for integrating powers of hyperbolic sine and hyperbolic cosine functions using the Binomial Theorem are presented. Additionally, general formulas for integrating both odd and even powers of these hyperbolic functions are derived. The application of these generalized formulas for odd and even powers is illustrated to enhance understanding.

Conclusion: The derivation of the integration formulas for powers of hyperbolic sine and hyperbolic cosine functions has led to the development of generalized formulas for both odd and even powers. These generalized formulas simplify the process of integrating powers of hyperbolic sine and hyperbolic cosine functions, providing more efficient solutions.

Keywords: power of hyperbolic sine function, power of hyperbolic cosine function, hyperbolic identities, exponential function, Binomial theorem

Ebreo, Lorilyn D., Graduate School, Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas, Capitol Site, Batangas City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study determined the relationship among leadership self-efficacy, technology proficiency, and instructional supervision of DepEd school heads as basis for management development plan.

Methodology: This utilized the quantitative-descriptive method of research. Data were obtained from standardized survey questionnaires adapted from Bobbio and Manganelli (2009), Duncan (2011) and Pettiegrew (2013) for leadership self-efficacy, technology proficiency and instructional supervision, respectively. A total of 385 respondents from four Congressional Districts (CDs) in the Schools Division Office (SDO) Batangas Province consisting of 37 sub-offices participated in this study.

Results: Majority of the respondents are female and belong to proficient teachers or known as Teachers I to III. Only a few graduated with a doctorate degree, aged below 30 years old and with four years and below length of service. School heads’ leadership self-efficacy, technology proficiency and instructional supervision were determined, and the respondents strongly agreed in general in all indicators. There was no significant difference on the three major constructs when grouped according to profile and generally, the responses do not differ significantly, and the responses are the same across the respondents’ profile. There exists a highly significant relationship across the three major variables.

Conclusion: There was a highly significant relationship across the three major variables, that is, the better the leadership self-efficacy, the more proficient on technology and the better the instructional supervision is. An enhanced management development plan was proposed for DepEd school heads to address leadership self-efficacy, technology proficiency and instructional supervision.

Keywords: instructional supervision, leadership self-efficacy, management development plan, technology proficiency 

Meng Jian, PhD, Guangzhou Songtian Polytechnic College, China / Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas, Philippines 

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the relationship between anxiety and oral English learning practices among 418 upper vocational college students in Guangzhou, China who did not major in English.

Methodology: This study used a descriptive and quantitative research approach with the goal of methodically outlining how these variables interact to affect students' oral English competency and suggesting useful treatments to improve learning outcomes. Surveys measuring students' levels of language anxiety and their usage of different learning tactics were used to gather data.

Results: The study provided useful insights into the anxiety levels and methods of learning employed by vocational college students enrolled in oral English courses. It demonstrated how sex substantially affected anxiety and learning methods. The relationships between anxiety and learning strategies highlighted how these elements are intertwined with language acquisition.

Conclusion: The study highlights a strong relationship between learning strategies and language anxiety, with better strategies and reduced anxiety correlating with higher English proficiency. As learning increases, anxiety decreases, leading to improved learning strategies.

 Keywords: Oral English, Learning Strategies, Anxiety

Dr. Wang Zhe, Lyceum of the Philippines University – Batangas, 4200 Capitol Site, Batangas City, Philippines 

Abstract

Aim: This study sought to delve into the intricate relationships between work attitude, commitment, and performance among professors at the University of China. By investigating these dimensions, the research aimed to address existing gaps, draw on relevant theories, and provide valuable insights to enhance the professional well-being and effectiveness of professors in this academic context.

Methodology: Quantitative data were collected through the distribution of survey questionnaires, and then summarized and described through statistical analysis, charts, and weighted mean scores.

Results: Findings teacher commitment significantly shapes job performance through increased job satisfaction, motivation, effective classroom management, positive relationships with students, continuous professional development, active engagement in the school community, and advocacy for student well-being. These factors, underpinned by teacher commitment, collectively contribute to the enhanced job performance of educators within the educational setting.

Conclusion: There was an almost equal number of male and female professors, concluding college degree holders and temporarily employed. The professors generally agreed on the internal and external indicators of job satisfaction as well as the indicators of the extent of teachers` affective, continuance, and normative commitments. The professors have a well-established culture of work attitude, commitment and performance in university of China. There was a significant difference when grouped according to civil status, employment status, and length of service. There was a significant relationship between work attitude, commitment and performance in university of China. Chinese colleges and universities should strengthen comprehensive training on commitment culture and work attitude education, which will determine the performance of campus professors  in university of China.

Keywords: Work Attitude, Commitment, Performance

Borromeo, Alex S., Bulacan State University

Dela Merced, Nelson E., La Consolacion University of the Philippines

Eusebio, Jonell L., La Consolacion University of the Philippines

Manaloto, Allan M., Bulacan State University

Vicedo, Rhealeen V., Bulacan State University

Abstract

Aim: This study explored the experiences of social media usage of Generation Z Filipinos about their health behavior. The grand tour question was “Can you tell me about your experiences with social media usage concerning your health behavior?”.

Methodology: A descriptive phenomenological research design was adopted, using Colaizzi’s (1978) method of data analysis. Data saturation was achieved from 6 participants drawn from the Generation Z age group, aged 18-25, active account owners, and frequent users of social media. Data were collected through individual, semi-structured interview questions.

Results: Results revealed major themes such as: (1) Social media as Universal Medium, (2) Social media as Open Access Health Resource Hub, (3) Social media as Conducive Learning Gizmo, (4) Social media as Industry of Misinformation & Fake News, and (5) The Healthy Adaptation.

Conclusion: There were occurrences of both positive and negative experiences in the usage of social media concerning the health behaviors of Generation Z Filipinos. The participants explained and described that they can freely access health information online, can use them as quick references and public sources of new learnings as well as able to share them with fellow netizens, however, participants shared a common experience concerning rampant circulation of misinformation on social media platforms. Thus, practicing critical thinking, being mindful of one’s social media consumption, and seeking information from reliable sources were all recommended as essential steps to ensure the positive and balanced impacts of social media on health behaviors.

Keywords: GenerationZ, Social Media, Health Behavior, Online Information

Ahamad, Sitti Husna J., Tawi-Tawi Regional Agricultural College, Tawi-Tawi, Philippines

Abstract

Aim:  This study aimed to assess the classroom management of Tawi-Tawi Regional Agricultural College teachers based on the assessment of junior high school students.

Methodology: This research employed the quantitative descriptive survey method.

Results: The results of this study indicated that classroom management could effectively predict student learning motivation and that learning atmosphere exerted the most influence among the variables.

Conclusion: Effective approaches to managing the classroom environment are necessary to establish environments that support student behavior and the learning process as well as to reduce teacher stress and burnout. Teachers who use effective classroom management can expect to experience improvements in student behavior and improvements that establish the context for effective instructional practices to occur.  

Keywords: Management, Engagement, Performance, Environment

Reyes, Hannah Jane V., Graduate School, Cavite State University, Philippines

Braga, Jason D., Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Food Environment and Natural Resources, Cavite State University, Philippines, Food Science Program, School of Applied Biological Science, Hiroshima University, Japan

Mojica, Analyn A., Cavite State University, Philippines

Barcelon, Eufemio G., Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Food Environment and Natural Resources, Cavite State University, Philippines, Graduate School, Cavite State University, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of green coffee beans (GCB) in Cavite, specifically focusing on moisture content, GCB grade, and defects profile, while also examining compliance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) audits in primary production, in-process activities, and post-production processes of coffee producers and processors in Cavite.

Methodology: Using the principles of a true experiment, specifically the repeated measures design, this study evaluated the quality of green coffee beans (GCB) in Cavite in compliance with the Philippine National Standards- Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Standards (PNS/BAFPS) 01:2012 in terms of moisture content, GCB grade, and defects profile, as well as investigated the compliance of coffee producers and processors in Cavite with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in primary production, in-process, and post-production.

Results: The results show that three out of five coffee producers in Cavite failed moisture content analysis, with specific four out of ten green coffee bean (GCB) samples failing. The GCB grade analysis suggested geographical influences on variations while emphasizing overall compliance with the Philippine National Standard, with primary non-conformance related to black and partly black beans. Audit data showcased an impressive 96.8% average compliance rate, pinpointing areas for improvement in Surroundings and Condition of Equipment categories, notably debris in production areas and the importance of effective clean-up processes.

Conclusion: These findings emphasize the intricacies of factors influencing Cavite's GCB quality, urging specific attention to sustained improvement in the local coffee industry.

Keywords: green coffee beans, Cavite, GMP audit, quality assessment

Pagulayan, Jessica Sintos, San Beda University, Mendiola St., San Miguel, Manila, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The primary goal of the study is to investigate the connection between pay equity and job happiness among women professors at University X. It aims to examine gender-based pay equity, identify causes of pay discrepancies, and offer recommendations to enhance gender-based wage equality and job happiness.

Methodology: The study adopts a qualitative research approach, comprising semi-structured interviews with fifteen women educators at University X. Purposive sampling was used to choose participants, who all had at least two years of job experience. The interviews lasted 25 to 30 minutes and were audio-recorded and transcribed for analysis.

Results: The study reveals prevalent gender-based payment disparity among women educators in the university setting, with different themes emerging from the feedback of the respondents. The need for more equitable opportunities to showcase capabilities is emphasized as participants voice concerns about the impact of the payment process. Task-oriented performance pay is a source of inequality, with fewer fair opportunities for women educators. Payment disparity is said to be significantly influenced by the unequal working setting. Gender-based payment inequality is influenced by knowledge of compensation parity, which is linked to uneven job assignment. Unfair promotions, unfair performance reviews, and not being able to connect with important people in the organization all lead to dissatisfaction and turnover. According to interviews, the main causes of job unhappiness and quitting are a significant wage gap and payment disparity. To highlight the significance of addressing payment disparity for improving job happiness and coordinating HRM practices with corporate goals, the study draws on theoretical frameworks such as the Equity Theory, HR Strategy Framework, and Harvard HRM Model. To promote payment equality, policies that pay companies for hiring women during maternity leave and encourage male workers to take paternity leave are at the center of calls for government intervention.

Conclusion: The findings reveal the deep influence of pay discrepancies on numerous elements of women educators' professional lives by utilizing theoretical frameworks, emphasizing the significance of addressing issues connected to payment methods, workload distribution, and access to opportunities. While acknowledging the societal norms that contribute to gender-based pay disparities, the study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive policy measures and organizational changes to eliminate these inequities, promoting a more equitable and satisfying work environment for women educators, and fostering greater gender equality in academic settings.

Keywords: compensation parity, job happiness, gender pay gap, women educators, gender equity

Bernal, Janice P., San Miguel National High School, San Miguel, Leyte, Philippines

Balanga, Gerald Jayson B., Eastern Visayas State University, Tacloban City, Leyte, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of Senior High School students in a literature class.

Methodology: This study used the descriptive phenomenological approach. The participants were chosen based on their availability and willingness to actively engage in the study.

Results: Based on the findings, the following results were drawn: 1) The lived experiences of students in a literature class are pleasant, engaging, and puzzling; 2) Coping with the challenges in the literature class is: a) keeping an eye on one’s goal; b) prioritizing tasks/activities; c) asking help from others; d) utilizing a variety of sources of information, and e) using clues to promote understanding.

Conclusion: Based on the results, the researchers gain a deep understanding of the methodology in providing the appropriate strategy, techniques, and approaches in teaching 21^st Century Literature. In addition, the researchers come up with creative and engaging activities to help students focus and appreciate literary works.

Keywords: Pleasant and unpleasant experiences, Challenging, Engaging, Coping Mechanism

Carvajal, Adrian Lawrence P., Professional Regulation Commission, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study explores the transformative potential of proactive local chief executives (LCEs) harnessing their creative prowess to fuel economic growth through effective local governance. The method encompasses key informant interviews with a diverse range of stakeholders and a qualitative analysis of secondary data from the Competitive Municipalities and Cities Index (CMCI),  scrutinizing the pivotal role of creative industries in the advancement of three carefully chosen cities: Quezon City, Pasay City, and Manila City.

Methodology: This research study employs a multi-qualitative method. The first qualitative aspect of the research involves key informant interviews, within the selected cities. Complementing these qualitative insights, the study undertakes a content analysis of data drawn from CMCI for the aforementioned cities. This second qualitative approach analyzes the contributions of creative industries to the local economy of these cities, offering empirical evidence of their economic impact and discernible trends across the urban landscape.

Results: This study provides actionable policy recommendations that empower proactive LCEs to harness their creative assets and nurture vibrant communities within urban centers. By fostering an environment of inclusive development through creative industry-driven economic progress, the research contributes substantially to the overall competitiveness and economic prosperity of the nation.

Conclusion:  The framework for policy recommendations and practical implications designed for Local Chief Executives (LCEs) in the pursuit of fostering the competitiveness of urban creative centers represents a comprehensive approach to empower the creative industry within urban areas. This framework amalgamates a series of policy recommendations crafted to bolster creative sectors with practical implications explicitly tailored for LCEs, enabling them to effectively translate these policies into actionable measures. Policy Recommendations for Local Governance to foster Urban Creative Center Competitiveness are Support for Creative Incubators, Financial Assistance Programs, Streamlined Regulations, Promotion of Cultural Tourism and Digital Infrastructure. On the other hand, the Practical Implications for LCEs are Collaborative Platforms, Capacity Building, Evaluation and Adaptation and Knowledge Transfer

Keywords: Proactive Local Chief Executives, Creative Industries, Economic Growth, Multi-Qualitative Method, Competitive Cities Index (CMCI)

Serrano, Edwin P., John B. Lacson Foundation Maritime University (Arevalo), Inc Graduate School / One Shipping Corporation

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed at determining the vessel traffic services in terms of traffic organization services, information services, services intended to support the efficient flow of traffic, navigation services, and monitoring services. Likewise, it determined the significant difference in the vessel traffic service indicators as perceived by the stakeholders. Based on the results of the study, proposed organized traffic services were prepared.

Methodology: Descriptive research was employed in this study. This research utilized a questionnaire constructed by the researcher for the indicators of the vessel traffic services. The questionnaire was validated by the experts, reliability tested, and subjected to factor analysis. The respondents of this study were the 69 stakeholders comprising the Philippine Coast Guard, PPA Representatives, Seafarers, and Harbor Pilots/tugboat operators. Statistical tools used were mean, rank, and One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for inferential statistics set at a .05 level of significance. The data were tallied, classified, and subjected to appropriate statistical tools.

Results: The findings showed that, generally, the proposed vessel traffic services were agreeable to the respondents with all the indicators in terms of traffic organization services, information services, services intended to support efficient flow of traffic, navigational services, and monitoring services. Significant differences existed in the vessel traffic services in all the indicators. The perceived vessel traffic services seemed to indicate that the services rendered in terms of traffic organization services, information services, services intended to support the efficient flow of traffic, and navigational services were good enough to meet the needs of the passengers that would contribute to maximum safety of life at sea and systematic delivery of implementation. There were significant differences in the perceived indicators of the vessel traffic services.

Conclusion: The services rendered in terms of traffic organization services, information services, services intended to support the efficient flow of the traffic, and navigational services are good enough to meet the needs of the passengers that will contribute to the maximum safety of life at sea and for the management to improve and have systematic delivery and implementation of the said services rendered by the vessel traffic services management.

Keywords: Vessel Traffic Services, port, perceived, stakeholders

Lim, Keenen Christian O., Bicol University Graduate School, Legazpi City, Albay Philippines

Abstrak

Layunin: Pangunahing layunin ng pag-aaral na ito na matukoy ang mga paksa sa mga vlog at kulturang Bikolnon batay sa pagsusuri sa mga vlog ni Boss Ka-Reppa at makalikha ng kagamitang panturo sa panitikang panrehiyon ng Bikol. Isinagawa ang pag-aaral para sa layon nitong mas lalo pang mapalawak ang pagsusuri ukol sa pasalintronikong anyo ng panitikan sa rehiyong Bikol at paglikha ng kagamitang panturo bilang ambag sa pagpapayabong ng panitikan.

Metodolohiya: Ginamit ang kuwantitatibo at kuwalitatibong pananaliksik upang makalap at masuri ang mga paksa sa mga vlog ni Boss Ka-Reppa at mga inilalahad na kulturang Bikolnon bilang elementong naratibo na pag-aaral na sumasalamin sa hitik na panitikang lokal ng rehiyong Bikol. Ang palarawang pagsusuri at purposive sampling ay ginamit din sa pag-aaral partikular ang nonstatistical sampling (nonprobability) sa mga sinuring vlog na nakikitaan ng mga batayang paksang pampanitikan. Sa paglikha ng banghay-aralin bilang kagamitang panturo sa panitikang panrehiyon ng Bikol, ginamit ang taksonomiyang pang-edukasyon ni Bloom (1956) para sa kasanayang pagkatuto batay sa dominyo ng pag-aaral tulad ng cognitive, affective, at psychomotor. Ginamit naman ang Gradual Psychological Unfolding (GPU) bilang pagpapadaloy ng talakayan. Ginamit din ang dulog na multimodal sa paglikha ng banghay-aralin, na may pangunahing layon na pahusayin ang kalidad ng pagtuturo sa pamamagitan ng pagtutugma ng paghahatid ng nilalaman sa pinakamahusay na paraan ng pagkatuto mula sa mag-aaral, tulad ng paggamit ng vlog na mayroong elemento ng multimedia. Gayundin, ginamit ang kritisismong sosyokultural  sa pagsuri  ng anyo ng panitikan at kulturang nakapaloob sa literatura sa paglahad sa holistikong pagtingin kaugnay sa implikasyon ng lipunan tulad ng aspektong kultural at  pangnilalaman ng panitikan.

Natuklasan: Nanguna ang paksang kabutihan vs kasamaan na may kabuoang bilang na apat (4). Ang mga vlog na nasa kategorya ay ang “Impyernow,” “Mga Kumpaniya sa Pinas Be Like,” Job Interview Be Like: Yung Ayaw Sayo Nung Nag Iinterview; Interview Part 3,” “Interview Part 3 Opssss,” “Wanpipti,” “Bisyo sa Panahon ng Lockdown,” “Mama Mo,”; “Mamo Mo Part 2,” “Boy Lado Part 15,” The English Man,” at “Relief Part 2.” Gayundin, natuklasang ang mga kabutihan vs kasamaan, tao vs lipunan, tao vs sarili, pamilya, kapangyarihan at korapsiyon, identidad, hubris, pagtanda, at kapalaran vs kalooban ang mga paksa sa sinuring vlog ni Boss Ka-Reppa. Samantala, inilalahad sa mga vlog ang mga kulturang Bikolnon tulad ng paniniwala at pamahiin, pagkain, hanapbuhay, kasuotan, relihiyon, pista, sining, koneksiyon sa kapaligiran, wika, at literatura. Batay sa mga natuklasan, gumawa ng mga banghay-aralin sa panitikang panrehiyon ng Bikol at limang sariling likhang vlog para sa patuluyang pagpapaunlad ng panitikang panrehiyon sa Bikol, na pinasuri na limang juror at nag-outsource ng eksperto para sa pagkuha at pag-edit ng mga vlog.

Kongklusyon: Batay sa natuklasan, nabuo ang sumusunod na kongklusyon: kabutihan vs kasamaan, tao vs lipunan, tao vs sarili, pamilya, kapangyarihan at korapsiyon, identidad, hubris, pagtanda, at kapalaran vs kalooban ang mga paksa sa nasuring vlog ni Boss Ka-Reppa. Samantala, inilalahad sa nasuring vlog ni Boss Ka-Reppa ang kulturang Bikolnon tulad ng paniniwala at pamahiin,  pagkain, hanapbuhay, kasuotan, relihiyon, pista, sining, koneksiyon sa kapaligiran, wika, at literatura; materyal na kultura ng Bikol ang limbag na panitikan, pagkain, kasuotan, at sining. Samantala, di-materyal na kultura naman ang pakikitungo o pakikipagkapuwa, paniniwala at pamahiin, hanapbuhay, relihiyon (mga pista, prusisyon, gawing panrelihiyon, at iba pa), at koneksiyon sa kapaligiran; at pagpapahalaga sa panitikan at kulturang Bikol ang mga banghay-aralin at sariling likhang vlog na magagamit sa pagtuturo ng panitikang panrehiyon ng Bikol.

Susing-salita: vlog, panitikang panrehiyon, Bikol, pagsusuri, kagamitang panturo, banghay-aralin

Madrigal, Helen B., Antipolo National High School, Antipolo City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This research was designed to determine the overall impact of the Power of Thirty approach in enhancing the reading performance of struggling readers and empowering reading connections at home.

Methodology: This research utilized a convergent mixed method design since qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed during a similar timeframe. Purposive sampling technique was used. Thirty (30) student-participants and thirty (30)  parent/guardians –participants who expressed their willingness to take part in the study served as respondents. The participants were taken from the identified struggling readers based on the result of the conducted Pre-Phil-IRI and their academic performance during the First Quarter. The participants belonged to the bottom line of frustration level. The researcher monitored and supervised the level of participation of the parents/ guardians during the implementation of the Power of Thirty.

Results: Results revealed that the participants are in the frustration level before the implementation of the Power of Thirty approach. Reading failure is due to lack of parents ‘guidance and support, reading materials, interest due to social media, and background knowledge in reading. However, participants’ reading literacy skills improved after the Power of Thirty (30) approach to reading which likewise empower reading connections at home. Parental involvement, teacher’s guidance, students’ interest, and reading materials are dominant factors leading to enhanced reading performance. Moreover, there is significant difference on the reading literacy level of the study participants before and after the implementation of project thirty approach. Parental involvement and reading literacy are significantly related.

Conclusion: Students are frustration readers because of the various factors that contribute to their failure to read. The Power of Thirty approach enhanced the reading literacy skills of the participants; strategies embedded in the reading materials helped develop the general reading literacy skills of the frustration readers; and parental involvement is vital in empowering reading connections at home.

Keywords: parental involvement, reading connections, Power of Thirty approach to reading, frustration readers

Narcise, Jimmy L., Molino Elementary School, Bacoor City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the mentoring styles of master teachers in relation to teachers’ Individual Performance Commitment Rating (IPCR).

Methodology: The study used mixed methods guided by a sequential explanatory research design. It collected quantitative survey data from 100 teachers and interviewed 10 master teachers to draw meta-inferences.

Results: Results show that the computed chi-square value of 17.250 is higher than the critical value of 12.952 and the p-value of 0.08 is lower than the 0.05 level of significance. The Pearson r values are 0.61 (p = 0.946), 0.91 (p = 0.724), 0.95 (p = 0.807), 0.68 (p = 0.814), and 0.93 (p = 0.282) respectively are greater than 0.05 which showed a moderate to strong positive relationship, thus, it rejects the null hypothesis. Meanwhile, two distinctive patterns emerged in the mentoring practices extended: Providing Professional/Career and Offering Psychological Support. On the mentoring styles of the co-participants, the two were Developing a Growth Mindset and Promoting Teachers’ Welfare and Development.

Conclusions: After careful analysis of the data, the study concludes that no significant relationship was found between the IPCR and the teacher-respondents’ profile except in age. A Significant relationship was perceived in the mentoring styles of master teachers with the teacher-respondents. The study recommends a well-structured formal school-based mentoring program for experienced and novice teachers.

Keywords: Mentoring styles, Master Teachers, Teachers’ Individual Performance Commitment Rating

Faller, Nicolas L., Northwest Samar State University

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the employment experiences of persons with disability relative to their working conditions. Moreover, it also intended to acquire a deep understanding of the aspirations of persons with disability towards their work.

Methodology: In understanding the employment experiences of persons with disability in Calbayog City, Samar, this study used a transcendental phenomenological approach. Analysis was made on the employment experiences of fifteen (15) individuals who met the description of the participants being a person with disability, currently employed, a resident of Calbayog City, Samar, and willing to participate in the study. The gathering of data was conducted through an interview including the recording of the conversations on participants who are related to the phenomenon. The data generated from the interviews conducted were subjected to a thematic analysis method of analyzing qualitative data applied to a set of texts, such as an interview or transcripts wherein the researcher closely examined the data to identify common themes, topics, ideas, and patterns of meaning that come up repeatedly. In addition, the researcher also adapted the following process in inductive thematic analysis, namely: Familiarization with the data, generating initial codes, searching for themes, reviewing and defining themes, and finalizing the analysis. Finally, the researcher synthesized all of the statements regarding each participant's experience into one consistent statement that describes and captures the essence of the experience being studied.

Results: Three themes resulted in exploring the employment experiences of PWDs: flexible work schedule, permanent status of employment, and increase in salary.

Conclusion: The unending problems encountered by PWDs concerning their employment is a serious matter that requires important thought. Despite the universal declaration of human rights protecting PWDs, supplemented by the various laws enacted by the Philippine government, still PWD employment problems continue to persist. This study gives us a clear picture of the conditions and problems encountered by PWDs in Calbayog City, Samar, in their employment, with their rights of employment not properly recognized by employers depriving them of what is lawfully due to them, constituting serious disregard of the existing laws.

Keywords: Magna Carta, Disability, Experiences, Rights, Employment

Alentajan, Diana Mae R., DepEd Mariano Untal High School, M’lang, Cotabato, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study developed a Pomelo bar and crafted a demonstration guide for bread and pastry production.

Methodology: The study utilized a completely randomized design consisting of a control and three formulations. The experimental development of Pomelo bar was evaluated by 50 respondents in its different formulations with three replications. F-test was employed to determine the significant difference of formulations utilizing Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Based on the sensory evaluation results, the most preferred formulation was identified and underwent nutritional analysis for the crafting of nutritional facts. The packaging of the preferred formulation was developed and evaluated by another 50 randomly selected respondents. Finally, the demonstration guide was crafted based on the development of the Pomelo bar and was evaluated to ensure it is appropriate resource material for bread and pastry production.

Results: The varying amount of Pomelo juice in different formulations affects the sensory qualities of pomelo bar in terms of texture, color and overall acceptability. Also, the amount of pomelo juice added in the formulation affects the specific sensory attribute in terms of sweetness. The formulation 2 with 250 grams of pomelo juice was identified as the most preferred formulation. The nutritional analysis results revealed that an individual slice of pomelo bar weighing 18 grams contains 70 calories from 2 grams of total fat, 13 grams of total carbohydrate and 1 gram protein. The most preferred formulation could produce 70 slices of Pomelo bar and can be sold at ₱15.00 per slice. A plastic clamshell is the recommended individual packaging material for the product. The package testing survey revealed that pomelo bar is visually appealing, unique, very high quality and has premium packaging. The crafted demonstration guide from the development of pomelo bar passed the review of evaluators.

Conclusion: The pomelo bar with 250 grams of juice could be a good business venture because of its 30% computed mark-up. Moreover, it is marketable due to its visually appealing packaging. Finally, the product can be shared through a demonstration guide which is a suitable learning resource material for bread and pastry production in senior high school.

Keywords: pomelo bar, sensory evaluation, demonstration guide

Isla, Mark M., Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: Household profiling, an innovative policing approach, has elicited diverse reactions, including concerns about racial discrimination, human rights violations, its role in identifying individuals involved in drug or other criminal activities, and potential violations of individual privacy, among others. This study determined the implications of profiling community household members and assessing their needs based on the responses of barangay officials of Nagcarlan and Liliw in Laguna that could lead to crime prevention and deterrence as well as improved community policing services and programs. 

Methodology: This study employed the descriptive survey research method. A researcher-made questionnaire was administered to 270 barangay officials in two locales: Nagcarlan and Liliw, Laguna, who served as participants. The data gathered were tested through frequency, weighted mean and ranking, as well as sample t-test for significant difference.

Results: It was observed that there was a significant difference on community profiling to subject (0.000), community profiling to law enforcers (0.026) and community needs assessment to members of the community (0.004) since the obtained p-values were less than 0.05 alpha level. This implies that the responses vary significantly and based from the test conducted it was found out that Nagcarlan experienced greater implication on community profiling while Liliw has faced greater implication on community needs assessment to members of the community.

Conclusion: From [the] results, the following were the conclusions derived: (1) The implication of community profiling to the community was treated negative while on the law enforcers was positive;  (2) Implication of community needs assessment to the members of the community and policing was considered high and positive; (3) Implication to community profiling was high in Nagcarlan while on community needs was greater in Liliw; and (4)  A proposed plan of action was formulated to improve community profiling and enhance community needs.

Keywords: household profiling, needs assessment, implications to community, implications to police response, action plan.

Pangan, Jhoey Boy C., Philippine State College of Aeronautics, Institute of Graduate Studies

Abstract

Aim: This study emphasizes the essential role of faculty members in shaping the learning experiences of students at the Philippine State College of Aeronautics (PhilSCA) Lipa Campus. It underscores the importance of continuous improvement in faculty performance and instructional delivery, particularly in the context of preparing students for careers in aviation. The aim is to introduce and explore the application of Kaizen principles to enhance teaching practices and improve educational quality, aligning with the institution's goal of producing proficient graduates.

Methodology: Using explanatory sequential mixed-method approach and utilizing pretest-posttest, the study quantitatively examined the impact of implementing Kaizen improvement activities. Additionally, a qualitative component involved conducting key informant interviews with technical faculty members at PhilSCA Lipa Campus to gain insights into the implications of adopting Kaizen principles in their instructional practices.

Results: The results revealed substantial positive shifts in their performance and instructional quality after the implementation of Kaizen principles. Statistical analysis confirms the highly significant nature of these improvements, emphasizing the effectiveness of applying Kaizen in aviation education. The results showcase the participants' perception of the positive impact of Kaizen principles on their performance and instructional delivery, as well as the transformative effect of various Kaizen strategies and practices.

Conclusion: The study concludes by positioning itself as a valuable model for aviation educational institutions seeking to enhance faculty performance and instructional quality through the strategic adoption of Kaizen principles and the provision of appropriate support and professional development opportunities.

Keywords: Kaizen Principles, Faculty Performance, Instructional Delivery, Higher Education, Aviation Education

Inoncillo, Frederick A., Baliuag University, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The main objective of the study was to explore the two dimensions of mathematics anxiety which are mathematics test anxiety and numerical anxiety as to whether they predict Mathematics achievement in terms of content areas and cognitive areas as measured by Center for Educational Measurement (CEM) Achievement Test. 

Methodology The researcher made use of descriptive-quantitative design with questionnaire as the main instrument of gathering the data.  A total of 97 high school respondents were chosen using convenience sampling.

Results: Results revealed that students manifest different intensities of mathematics test anxiety and numerical anxiety based on the following levels: very low, low, moderate high and very high. In addition, there is also a significant negative relationship between the mathematics test anxiety and mathematics achievement (r=-0.224), and numerical anxiety and mathematics achievement (r=-0.385) trough Pearson moment correlation analysis.  Moreover, It was found that both mathematics test anxiety and numerical anxiety predict mathematics achievement [F(2, 94)=8.450,  p<0.005] through multiple regression analysis. Furthermore, results showed that between the two dimensions of mathematics anxiety, numerical anxiety highly predicts mathematics achievement (b=-8.710, p=0.001). 

Conclusion: Thus, inverse significant relationships exist between mathematics test anxiety and mathematics achievement, and numerical anxiety and mathematics achievement. Moreover, mathematics test anxiety and numerical anxiety when combined, significantly predict mathematics achievement.  Furthermore, between mathematics test anxiety and numerical anxiety, it is numerical anxiety that predicts mathematics achievement when taken individually.

Keywords:  mathematics test anxiety, numerical anxiety, mathematics achievement, content areas, cognitive areas

Francisco-Honrado, Gypsy Rose, Labit National High School, Labit Proper, Urdaneta City, Pangasinan, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study focused on the implementation of computer-based instruction by the junior high school Mathematics teachers (JHSMT) in the Schools Division of Urdaneta City during the school year 2022-2023.

Methodology: The descriptive-correlational method was used in this study. Seventy (70) junior high school Mathematics teachers from SDO Urdaneta City participated in the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire-checklist designed by the researcher and validated by experts in the field.

Results: Findings revealed that the “use of computer software” as one of the indicators in teaching Mathematics was the least utilized instructional method. This is attributed to the limited availability of licensed computer software for computer-based instruction in Mathematics. Moreover, the difference between the Extent of the Implementation of the Computer-Based Instruction by the respondent-JHSMT based on the questionnaire checklist conducted across their age is 3.341 significantly at 0.010 level. The values indicate a significant result. Therefore, the research hypothesis which states that there is a significant difference in the Extent of the Implementation of Computer-Based Instruction by the respondent-JHSMT across age is accepted. This implies that the Extent of the Implementation of the Computer-Based Instruction by the respondent-JHSMT across the variable age is comparable. Furthermore, findings revealed that significant relationships exist between the Extent of Implementation of Computer-Based Instruction by Junior High School math teachers and the profile variables age and number of years teaching Mathematics.

Conclusion: According to the results, the junior high school Mathematics educators of Urdaneta City are presently in their prime of adulthood, holding appropriate educational qualifications and pertinent training sessions, and have been in the field for several years. Moreover, to facilitate the implementation of computer-based instruction, the researcher created a sequential video guide on utilizing a freely available Mathematics simulation website.

Keywords: preparatory processes, computer software, computer-based instruction, evaluation, learning outcomes

John Ayedun Dada and Francis Kayode Ashipaoloye, Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This work examined the effects of Organizational Culture, E-leadership, and Commitment among administrators of a Christian Community to serve as inputs to management efficiency.

Methodology: The research design employed in this study was quantitative and descriptive in nature. This approach involves systematic frameworks that utilize statistical tools and methods for the purpose of deriving meaningful insights.

Results: Organizational culture has a considerable effect on administrators in terms of perception, teamwork, satisfaction, clarity, and leadership style, respectively. Administrators’ understanding has a significant effect on e-leadership in terms of readiness, perception, benefits, skills, and equipment in that order. The administrators are considerably committed in terms of desire to maintain organization membership, acceptance of organizational values, willingness to exert effort, and natural tie to the organization, respectively. Position, province, assessment of organizational culture in terms of perception and teamwork, satisfaction and clarity, and assessment of e-leadership in terms of perception are the key factors in organizational commitment. These results have implications for the role of administrative functions in culture and commitment, as a gap in e-leadership may affect both culture and commitment. The findings suggest that culture, e-leadership, and commitment may work together to aid development, and that culture is better when it is clear and understood by all.

Conclusion: Organizational culture significantly affects the administrators’ understanding of E-Leadership and their level of commitment. The researchers recommend that the Christian community may consider robust acculturation and administration development initiatives.

Keywords: Organizational Culture, E-leadership, Commitment, Administrators, Christian Community

Bandril, Gladys Rose D., Adamson University, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study explored the link between transformational leadership styles - Inspirational Motivation, Individualized Consideration, Intellectual Stimulation, and Idealized Influence - and teacher commitment within educational institutions in Manila and Pasay City, Philippines. It aimed to determine which components of transformational leadership have the most significant impact on enhancing teacher commitment.

Methodology: Utilizing a descriptive-quantitative and comparative correlational approach, the research collected data from 133 middle-management teachers across four schools through a validated researcher-made questionnaire. Key factors such as workload, salary, administrative support, and work environment were considered. The influence of transformational leadership on teacher commitment was analyzed using multiple regression analysis.

Results: The findings demonstrate a strong positive correlation between transformational leadership and teacher commitment, with Inspirational Motivation (B = 0.9, Beta = 0.88) identified as the most influential predictor. The regression model, indicated by a high R-square and significant F value, confirms the predictive power of these leadership styles on teacher commitment levels.

Conclusion: Transformational leadership plays a pivotal role in fostering teacher commitment. Inspirational Motivation, in particular, stands out as a crucial element in enhancing teacher engagement and retention. The study underscores the value of integrating transformational leadership practices, especially Inspirational Motivation, in faculty development programs to promote job satisfaction and commitment among teachers. The proposed Faculty Leadership Training Program, focusing on these leadership styles, is expected to contribute positively to educational outcomes by improving teacher retention.

Keywords: transformational leadership, teacher commitment, faculty development, inspirational motivation, individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, idealized influence. 

Diaz, Gashmere Prisca B., & Bernal, Ena A., Colegio de San Juan de Letran Calamba, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to address water challenges exacerbated by rapid urbanization in the Philippines, particularly focusing on the semiconductor industry's wastewater generation. It sought interventions to optimize water utilization, aligning with global sustainability goals, while improving water quality, conserving resources, and ensuring regulatory compliance.

Methodology: A quantitative approach was employed, focusing on five semiconductor companies in Laguna Technopark Inc., Biñan City, representing half of the population through convenience sampling.

Results: Findings revealed that selected semiconductor manufacturing companies in Laguna favored a mixed capability approach, with applications of tailored wastewater treatment methods and operational procedures. The study discovered money, motion/time/minutes, and materials as the top management issues.  Interventions such as Wastewater Management Practices Augmentation and Prioritization-Implementation Plan-Monitoring- Evaluation-Adaptive Management (PIMEA) Cycle were developed to optimize water utilization, offering valuable directives for various industries to enhance their wastewater management.

Conclusion: Findings indicate lack of attention on optimizing mechanical systems despite educational initiatives, requiring a comprehensive approach for efficiency and sustainability. Though wastewater management operational procedures are well-executed, significant challenges persist with materials, motion, and money. Derived interventions require regulatory compliance, advanced technology, and future research exploring mixed capabilities, collaborations, eco-friendly methods, for sustainability through root cause analysis and qualitative studies.

Keywords: intervention, sustainability, wastewater management, water utilization

Manlangit, Sheila Mae, University of the Philippines Cebu, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of concrete and virtual Geoboard on students’ performance in Geometry among Grade 7 students of Toledo City Science High School for Third Quarter of SY 2017-2018.

Methodology: The study utilized the experimental method of research employing the pretest-posttest with control group design.

Results: The findings of the study revealed that (1) the levels of performance in Geometry in the pretest of both the control and the two experimental groups were Below Average; in the posttest, the control group and the second experimental group had an Average performance while the first experimental group had an Above Average performance, (2) both the control and the two experimental groups had significant mean gains from the pretest to the posttest in Geometry, (3) the first experimental group which was exposed to concrete Geoboard had the highest significant mean gain compared to the control group exposed to direct instruction and the second experimental group exposed to virtual Geoboard, (4) both experimental groups exposed to concrete and virtual Geoboard manifested a Positive attitude towards the use of manipulatives, (5) the first experimental group manifested a Very Positive attitude towards Mathematics because of the use of concrete Geoboard while the second experimental group exhibited a Positive attitude towards Mathematics because of the use of virtual Geoboard, and (6) there was no significant correlation between the student’s attitude towards the use of manipulatives and their performances in Geometry for the experimental group exposed to concrete Geoboard. However, the attitude of the experimental group exposed to virtual Geoboard significantly correlated with their performance in Geometry.

Conclusion: Learning Mathematics through providing a concrete way for students to link new and abstract information to already solidified and personally meaningful networks of knowledge will allow students to take in the new information and give it meaning which are essential to the learning of Mathematics and related disciplines. It is important that teachers make use of methods that are most effective and materials that enhance concept formation. One such material that has met with considerable success through research is the use of concrete Geoboard, which is a major finding in this study. The study showed that the use of concrete Geoboard is a more effective vehicle in learning Geometry as evidenced by their greater performance in the subject. Thus, Lesh Multiple Representations Translations Model which states that the ability of making translations between and within modes of representations would reflect the student’s understanding of concepts and Kolb’s Theory on Experiential Learning which states that concrete objects can effect better learning, were affirmed in this study.

Keywords: Geoboard, Manipulative, Virtual, Concrete, Hands-on Learning

Manlangit, Sheila Mae , University of the Philippines Cebu, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of manipulatives in the form of paper folding in teaching Geometry to the Grade 9 students of Lawaan National High School, Third Quarter of the School Year 2017–2018.

Methodology: This study is a quasi-experimental method of research which made use of the pretest–posttest nonequivalent control group design.

Results: The findings of the study are the following: (1) the pretest performance in Geometry of the control and experimental groups were both Below Average; the two groups had Above Average posttest performance in Geometry, (2) both the control and experimental groups had significant mean gains from the pretest to posttest, (3) there was no significant mean gain difference between the two groups, (4) the experimental group exhibited a Positive attitude towards Paper Folding Approach in Geometry, and (5) there was no significant correlation between the attitude of the students towards Geometry taught through Paper Folding and their performance in the subject.

Conclusion: Both approaches were proven effective in enhancing student’s performance in Geometry. Engelmann’s Direct Instruction which highlights the use of straightforward approach in teaching where the teacher feeds the information to the students was affirmed in this study. Likewise, Paper Folding Approach was supported by Kolb’s Experiential Learning Theory which emphasizes that concrete objects can stimulate better learning was affirmed as well.

Keywords: Manipulative, Paper Folding, Geometry

Alcover, Mary Jale A., University of the Philippines Cebu, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study sought to determine the relationship between mathematics anxiety and the performance of Sacred Heart School – Hijas de Jesus’ Grade 9 students in Mathematics.

Methodology: This was a descriptive research using a correlational analysis between mathematics anxiety and the Mathematics performance. The mathematics anxiety level was determined by the Abbreviated Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale. After taking the test, a group of five students was chosen in each section as the respondents of the Focus Group Discussions. A correlational design was employed to look into the results of the variables involved.

Results: These were the findings of the study: (1) In mathematics test anxiety, the students were categorized as Moderately Anxious. For numerical task and mathematics course, the students were Less Anxious. As a whole, the students were Moderately Anxious, (2) In mathematics test anxiety, both female and male students were Moderately Anxious. For numerical task anxiety, the female students were Less Anxious while the male students had Not at All. For the mathematics course, both female and male students were Less Anxious. As a whole, the students were Moderately Anxious, (3) The level of anxiety of the females and males did not differ, in terms of mathematics test anxiety, numerical task anxiety, mathematics course anxiety, and as a whole, (4) The students, both female and male, were categorized as Satisfactory in terms of Mathematics performance, and (5) There was a substantial and significant negative correlation between mathematics anxiety and academic performance in mathematics.

Conclusion: It was concluded that mathematics anxiety is a potential predictor of students’ performance in mathematics. The students with high anxiety performed low in the subject and conversely. The Debilitating Anxiety Model which suggests that a child’s performance in Mathematics is linked to his or her anxiety towards the subject and the Reciprocal Theory which articulates that anxiety and performance is a vicious cycle wherein higher anxiety contributes to poor performance and poor performance contributes to higher anxiety were both affirmed in this study.

Keywords: anxiety, self-efficacy, mathematics performance

Pascual,  Anne Grace D., & Subia, Richard C., Quirino General High School, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study examined the implementation of Modular Distance Learning (MDL) in Cabarroguis District public secondary schools, focusing on the experiences of 92 junior high school and 39 senior high school teachers.

Methodology: A mixed-method approach was used to compare teachers' experiences in implementing MDL. It is a combination of quantitative descriptive research and phenomenology to assess the profile, realization, and effectiveness of the learning method, as well as to determine the challenges faced by the respondents.

Results: The study found that Junior High School teachers are more committed to modular distance learning than Senior High School teachers. JHS teachers are more convinced of MDL's effectiveness, while SHS teachers are more faithful to implementing MDL. However, JHS teachers faced more challenges in implementing MDL. There were no significant differences between the perceived experiences of junior and senior high school teachers due to similar circumstances experienced in the locality. MDL helped achieve learning continuity during the pandemic-affected school year, but faced challenges like time constraints, limited resources, and excessive activities for each learning competency.

Conclusion: Teachers should develop an assessment scheme for efficient evaluation of modules, re-evaluate modules, and submit feedback to Department of Education channels for quality assurance.

Keywords: Modular Distance Learning, Teachers’ Experiences, Learning Continuity

Manzanares, Patricia Louise M., Lyceum of the Philippines University-Batangas

Abstract

Aim: The study intends to identify the role of learning strategies in mediating between the social, emotional, and behavioral skills and academic performance of second-year college students with the end goal of creating a program that can help further develop social, emotional, and behavioral skills and create a support system in their academics.

Methodology: The study used a descriptive quantitative research design using two different surveys, which were the BESSI and the CMLSS, along with the general weighted average (GWA) of the students to identify the relationship between the three different variables and how learning strategies play a part in mediating between SEB skills and academic performance of 346 respondents from a university in Metro Manila. The participants were identified using probability sampling, and they were filtered using a criterion such as the respondents must be currently enrolled in the institution, a second-year college student, and have finished the whole term. To further identify and analyze the data, frequency distribution, weighted mean, one-way ANOVA, and mediation analysis were applied.

Results: The study found that students are advanced when it comes to their self-management skills, cooperation skills, emotional resilience skills, and innovation skills. They are in the intermediate when it comes to social engagement skills. Moreover, they were more proficient when it came to using rehearsal, elaboration, critical thinking, and metacognitive self-regulation. While they fall within the average when it comes to using organizations and when it comes to their time and study environment, effort regulation, peer learning, and help-seeking, a student's social engagement skills, emotional resilience skills, and innovation skills differ when they are of different sexes. However, neither sex nor cluster makes any difference when it comes to the learning strategies that the students use and their academic performance. Mediation analysis further shows that learning strategies do not mediate the relationship between SEB skills and academic performance, although it did show a significant indirect effect.

Conclusion: The SEB skills of the students do not affect their learning strategies or their academic performance. While learning strategies do not also affect the academic performance of the students, thus, learning strategies do not mediate the relationship between SEB skills and academic performance. A proposed Skills and Academic Support Program was developed to address the students’ holistic development in terms of their SEB skills and learning strategies to help their academic performance further.

Keywords: social, emotional, behavioral skills, learning strategies, academic performance, second year college students

Rafanan, Rizalino R., Cabuloan Elementary School, Sta.Catalina, Ilocos Sur, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to determine and compare the reading comprehension skills of Grade 3 pupils in MTB-MLE and English in Sta. Catalina District.

Methodology: The researcher used a descriptive, correlational design, developed the checklist questionnaire and a 30-item teacher-made test, administered it during the COVID-19 pandemic, and interpreted the data.

Results: Respondents’ parents are high school graduates, fathers are self-employed, mothers have no work, and their monthly income is Php5,000-Php10,000. The respondents speak Ilokano, have phones and Ilokano books, and sometimes use them at home. The respondents’ level of reading comprehension skills is “Proficient” in MTB-MLE, while “Approaching Proficiency” in English also shows a significant difference. Reading comprehension skills are significantly correlated with fathers’ educational attainment, monthly income, availability of computers, and the extent of using computers and tablets at home. Moreover, a worktext has been developed to enhance respondents’ skills.

Conclusion: As a result, the parents and teachers should provide sufficient reading materials and exert more effort in developing “Sequencing of Events” in MTB-MLE and “Inferring” in English for the respondents; a similar study should be undertaken to validate the findings of the present study; future researchers can include Filipino and other reading comprehension skills; respondents should take the test simultaneously, and a developed worktext should be validated before utilizing it.

Keywords: Reading Comprehension Skills, MTB-MLE and English, Worktext

Sabordo, Jay-ar B., Graduates Study Department, Unibersidad de Sta. Isabel, Naga City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study determined the relationship between baby boomer teachers’ Information and Communication Technology (ICT) competencies and their pedagogical performance.

Methodology: A mixed-concurrent parallel design was used in the study. A descriptive research design was used for the quantitative part of the study which included assessment of the ICT competency of the baby boomer teachers using the National ICT Competency Standards for Teachers (NICS-T). The baby boomer teachers’ pedagogical performance was also evaluated using the framework of Curriculum-Based Performance Appraisal System for Teacher (CB-PAST). Correlational design was used to determine if there exists a relationship between the level of ICT competencies of teachers and their level of pedagogical performance. A face-to-face interview with the participants was also conducted to identify the factors which affecting their level of ICT competency and their pedagogical performance. The data on the ICT competency and the pedagogical performance of the baby boomer teacher was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The relationship between these two variables was then determined using Spearman’s Correlation. Scripts from the interview were scrutinized using framework analysis.

Result: Results showed that the Baby Boomer Teachers have basic ICT Competency Level while their pedagogical performance were assessed to be within Highly Proficient level.  The ICT competency of the baby boomer teachers was proven to have significant relationship on their pedagogical performance. Several factors were also identified to have affected the ICT competency level of the baby boomer teachers which include negative attitude towards ICT, academic background, and lack of institutional support. A proposed training workshop was also crafted by the researcher to aid in the developmental needs of the baby boomer teachers particularly in improving their ICT competency.

Conclusion: Results indicate that baby boomer teachers exhibit basic ICT competency but demonstrate highly proficient pedagogical performance. There is a significant relationship between the ICT competence of baby boomer teachers and their pedagogical performance. Negative attitudes towards ICT, academic background, and the lack of institutional support are the most common theme that baby boomer has identified as the factors associated with their present ICT competency level and pedagogical performance. Based on the study’s findings, a proposed series of training workshops was designed to enhance the teacher’s ICT competency. This training workshop shall focus on developing the four domains specified in the NICS-Teacher.

Keywords: ICT, Teachers, Pedagogy, Baby boomer

Dr. Adrian Lawrence P. Carvajal, Professional Regulation Commission, Central Office, NCR, Philippines

Dr. Richard D. Sanchez, ETCOR Educational Research Center, Inc., Sta. Ana, Pampanga, Region III, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This research examined the leadership qualities of local chief executives (LCEs) within the context of creating competitive creative communities. Focusing on the top-ranked highly urbanized cities based on the sum of their scores on five pillars—Economic Dynamism, Government Efficiency, Infrastructure, Resiliency, and Innovation — using data from the 2023 Cities and Municipalities Competitive Index (CMCI), this study engaged the participants who are in the creative industry to develop a leadership framework and a development plan that will enhance the leadership capabilities of LCEs in driving creativity and competitiveness within their communities.

Methodology: This is a qualitative research which involved the triangulation of data from in-depth interviews with creative industry professionals, entrepreneurs, policymakers, and community leaders representing diverse perspectives within the creative sector, offering valuable insights into their experiences, challenges, and success stories in the top-ranked cities, triangulated via document analysis of the five pillars of the CMCI. The qualitative data collected from in-depth interviews were analyzed to identify key leadership qualities and practices that have contributed to the development and growth of competitive creative communities. On the other hand, data from the CMCI were analyzed in relation to the developed framework of the study.

Results: The findings contributed to developing a leadership framework tailored to the specific needs of LCEs in fostering creativity and competitiveness within their communities. The framework will provide guidance and practical strategies for enhancing the leadership capabilities of LCEs.

Conclusion:  A development plan was formulated to support LCEs in implementing the leadership framework and improving their leadership skills. The plan will address areas such as capacity building, knowledge sharing, and collaboration with creative industry stakeholders, aiming to create an enabling environment that promotes creativity, innovation, and competitiveness.

Keywords: local chief executives, creative industry, competitive creative communities, leadership framework, development plan, Cities and Municipalities Competitive Index (CMCI)

Dr. Adrian Lawrence P. Carvajal, Professional Regulation Commission, Philippines

Hon. Randolf S. Vicente, Professional Regulatory Board of Geodetic Engineering

Abstract

Aim: The research aimed to develop and critically analyze a framework focused on enhancing the competitiveness of surveying professionals in the Philippines within the ASEAN context.

Methodology:  Employing a qualitative research approach, the study utilizes Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) as its primary data collection method. These FGDs were conducted as breakout sessions during an International Conference and involved stakeholders from academia, professional practice, and government services.

Results: The framework offers actionable insights for various stakeholders, from individual professionals to academic institutions and governing bodies. Focusing on internal and external factors provides a roadmap for targeted interventions that can enhance competitiveness. The framework is highly relevant given the Philippines' growing engineering sector and the government's focus on enhancing professional competitiveness. Its flexibility allows adaptation to local conditions, such as specific regulatory frameworks or cultural nuances. Moreover, the framework's emphasis on stakeholder involvement aligns well with the Philippines' community-centric approach to professional development.

Conclusion: The Framework offers a multi-dimensional, comprehensive approach that experts in the field have validated. It identifies key factors affecting competitiveness, challenges, and strategies for enhancement. It also presents a holistic and adaptable approach to understanding and enhancing competitiveness in surveying and geodetic engineering. While its strengths include its comprehensive nature and expert validation, its complexity and resource-intensive attributes pose challenges for easy comprehension and quick implementation.

Keywords: Competitiveness Enhancement, ASEAN Surveying, Framework Development, Philippines

*This originates from the International Conference held to establish the ASEAN Qualification Reference Framework on Surveying, which took place from October 4 to 7, 2023, at the Hilton Manila in Pasay City, Philippines. The funding for this conference was provided through the International Commitments Fund (ICF).

Carvajal, Adrian Lawrence P., Professional Regulation Commission, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to develop a criteria for evaluating the success of international conferences sponsored by the International Commitments Fund (ICF) of the Philippines. This initiative seeks to ensure that such conferences align with the country's strategic objectives, effectively utilize resources, and contribute significantly to international discourse.

Methodology: The study employs a qualitative research design through the conceptual analysis approach, focusing on an in-depth literature review and analysis. This method was chosen to gain a comprehensive understanding of the existing body of research, reports, academic literature, and government publications related to international conferences, evaluation criteria, and optimal strategies for fund allocation.

Results: The study identifies eleven essential criteria for evaluating the success of ICF-sponsored international conferences. These criteria include 1) Alignment with national goals, 2) Reputation of organizers, 3) Expected outcomes, 4) Inclusive participation, 5) Contribution to sustainability goals, 6) Compliance with international agreements, 7) Innovative and creative aspects, 8) Financial sustainability, 9) Geographic representation, 10) Public interest and awareness, and 11) Development of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that align with the ICF's objectives.

Conclusion:  Incorporating the identified criteria into the evaluation process will significantly enhance the strategic value and effectiveness of ICF-funded international conferences. Establishing a robust evaluation criteria framework is essential for the strategic funding of international conferences by the ICF. This framework will enhance decision-making processes, ensuring that funded conferences contribute significantly to the Philippines' strategic interests and international commitments. The study's recommendations aim to improve the selection process, promote sustainability, and strengthen international collaborations, maximizing the benefits of the ICF for the Philippines.

Keywords: International Commitments Fund, Evaluation Criteria, International Conferences, Strategic Allocation, Philippines, Sustainability, Key Performance Indicators

Yanni Xu, Graduate School, Angeles University Foundation, Angeles City, Philippines and Yantai Nanshan Vocational and Technical School, Yantai, Shandong, China

Jose Ma W. Gopez, Graduate School, Angeles University Foundation, Angeles City, Philippines

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to explore the relationship between the practices and challenges in the self-regulated learning (SRL) practices and challenges among vocational and technical students in China.

Methodology: This study employed a quantitative approach, specifically descriptive-correlational research, which aimed to describe the variables and their relationships. Through random stratified sampling, the respondents of this study were five hundred ninety-eight (598) students in one of the vocational and technical schools in China.

Results: The results of the study revealed several significant insights into the dynamics of SRL especially in terms of practices and challenge in an educational context.

Conclusion: By identifying prevalent SRL practices and acknowledging challenges through the lens of Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory, the research showed the development of targeted interventions aimed at empowering the Chinese vocational and technical students with the necessary skills and strategies to become autonomous and lifelong learners.

Keywords: self-regulated learning, practices, challenges, Chinese vocational and technical education